Significant Bone Markings

Question 1

External auditory canal

Answer 1

-On the temporal bone
-passageway to the middle ear through the temporal bone

Question 2

Mastoid process

Answer 2

• on temporal bone
• origin of sternocleidomastoid muscle

Question 3

Jugular foramen

Answer 3

• on temporal bone
• passageway for the jugular vein that drains blood from the brain

Question 4

Carotid canal

Answer 4

• on temporal bone
• passageway of the carotid artery (major artery to supply oxygen to the brain)

Question 5

Foramen Magnum

Answer 5

• on occipital bone
• passageway for brain stem

Question 6

Occipital Condyles

Answer 6

• on occipital bone
• articulates with atlas

Question 7

Occipital protuberance

Answer 7

• on occipital bone
• helps identify male and female bones

Question 8

Stella turcica

Answer 8

• on sphenoid
• bony projection for the major hormone-producing gland

Question 9

Optic foramen

Answer 9

• on sphenoid
• passageway for optic nerve (sight)

Question 10

Crista galli

Answer 10

• on ethmoid
• attachment for meninges

Question 11

Cribriform plate

Answer 11

• on ethmoid
• passageway for olfactory nerve (smell)

Question 12

Superior and middle conchae

Answer 12

• on ethmoid
• bony projections covered by mucous membranes; warms and moistens air

Question 13

Sternal angle

Answer 13

• on sternum
• attachment of second rib

Question 14

Xiphoid process

Answer 14

• on sternum
• cartilaginous extension of inferior sternum. Landmark for CPR administration location

Question 15

Glenoid fossa

Answer 15

• on the scapula
• forms shoulder joint with the head of the humerus

Question 16

Capitulum

Answer 16

• on humerus
• forms joint between humerus and proximal end of the radius

Question 17

Trochlea

Answer 17

• on humerus
• forms joint between humerus and proximal end of the ulna

Question 18

Ischial tuberosity

Answer 18

• on ischium
• attachment point for hamstring muscles
• bears weight when sitting

Question 19

Greater sciatic notch

Answer 19

• on ischium
• passageway for the sciatic nerve to the back of the leg

Question 20

Acetabulum

Answer 20

• on pelvis
• forms the hip joint with the head of the femur

Question 21

Pubic angle

Answer 21

• on pelvis
• helps identify male and female pelvis

Question 22

Fovea capitis

Answer 22

• on femur
• attachment of ligament that holds the femur in its socket

Question 23

Tibial tuberosity

Answer 23

• on tibia
• attachment of patellar ligament and insertion of quadriceps muscles

Question 24

Medial malleolus

Answer 24

• on the tibia
• protrusion of the tibia on the medial side of the ankle

Question 25

Lateral malleolus

Answer 25

• on fibula
• protrusion of the fibula on the lateral side of the ankle

Question 26

Transverse foramina

Answer 26

• on cervical vertebrae
• passageway for the vertebral artery to supply oxygen to the brain

Question 27

Axis with odontoid process

Answer 27

• on cervical vertebrae
• extension of the axis that articulates with the atlas
• allows right/left rotation of the head

Question 28

Vertebral foramen

Answer 28

• on vertebrae
• passageway for the spinal cord

Question 29

Intervertebral foramen

Answer 29

• on vertebrae
• Passageway for spinal nerves

Question 30

Sacral promontory

Answer 30

• on sacrum
• protrusion of the sacrum into the pelvis
• defines anterior and posterior diameter of the pelvis

Question 31

Sacral foramina

Answer 31

• on sacrum
• passageway for spinal nerves