Significance testing Flashcards
Define hypothesis
An idea derived from psychological research and theory containing a prediction that can be dis/proved through an experiment
Define a study’s aim
A statement of what the researcher intends to investigate
What is a directional hypothesis
States a direction in which the prediction is headed in (one-tailed)
What is a directional hypothesis
States a direction in which the prediction is headed in (one-tailed)
What is a non-directional hypothesis
Does not indicate a direction in the prediction (two-tailed)
What is significance testing?
> Whether a difference/relationship between 2 means/variables is significant
Define null hypothesis
The results show no difference/relationship within the population
Define Alternative hypothesis
The results show there is a difference/relationship within the population
How does significance testing work
Assume null hypothesis is true, calculate the probability of our result being obtained under null hypothesis
When do we reject the null hypothesis
If the p-value we obtained is less than 0.05 we reject the null but if it is greater than 0.05 then we keep the null hypothesis
What is a type-1 error
What is a type-2 error
