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anatomy > sight > Flashcards

sight Flashcards

1
Q

Visual accessory structures

A

Eyelids
Lacrimal apparatus
Extrinsic eye muscles

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2
Q

Three layers of eye wall

A

Fibrous layer (Outer layer)
Vascular layer (Middle)
Nervous layer (Inner)

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3
Q

Anterior cavityf

A

Filled with aqueous humor
COntains two chambers, anterio and posterior

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4
Q

aqueous humor

A

Produced by ciliary body and is continually drained and replaced every 90 minutes

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5
Q

Posterior cavity

A

Filled with vitreous humor which combines with collagen to make vitreous body

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6
Q

Glaucoma

A

Increased intraocular pressure due to problems draining aqueous humor

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7
Q

Fibrous layer

A

Sclera (white)
Cornea (Transparent)

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8
Q

Vascular layer

A

Choroid (vascular supply)

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9
Q

accommodation

A

an increase in the curvature of the lense, intiated by ciliary muscle contraction to allow the lens to focus on near objects

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10
Q

near point of vision

A

minimum distance from the eye that an object can be clearly focused with maximum effort

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11
Q

The closer the light source, the _________ the focal distance

A

The closer the light source the LONGER the focal distance

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12
Q

Macula lutea

A

In the exact center of the posterior portion of the retina and corresponds to the visual axis of the eye

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13
Q

Fovea Centralis

A

Area of sharpest vision due to high concentration of cones

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14
Q

Optic disc

A

area where the ganglion cells exit the eye

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15
Q

Layers of the retina

A

Pigmented layer that absorbs light and prevents light from bouncing back
Neural layer that contains photoreceptors sensitive to light

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16
Q

explain how light is focused on the retina

A
17
Q

Rods

A

black and white vision in dim light, permits us to see shapes and movements

18
Q

Cones

A

permits us to see color vision and sharpness of vision, mostly concentrated in central fovea

19
Q

Why is cone vision more acute than rod vision

A

Cones permit the absorption of three different wavelengths of light while rods only permit one

20
Q

structure of rhodopsin

A

Consists of an opsin protein bound to a retinal pigment

21
Q

Function of rhodopsin

A

Determines the wavelength of light that can be absorbed

22
Q

How is light energy converted into an impulse

A

when light strikes the visual pigment, the retinal molecule changes shape which changes permeability of the outer segment to na and changers the rate of neurotransmitter release by the inner segment

23
Q

what is the key to transduction in the eye

A

THe change in permeability

24
Q

relationship between light wavelength and color vision

A

objects absorb some colors and reflect or transmit others

25
Q

visual pathway (8 steps)

A

Retina, optic nerve, optic chiasma, optic tract, thalamus, optic radiations, and occipital lobes of cortex, brainstem

anatomy (9 decks)

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