chapter 17

Question 1

Structure of the external ear

Answer 1

Auricle/pinna, external acoustic meatus, tympanic membrane

Question 2

Middle ear function

Answer 2

Permits equalization of pressures and encloses and protects three auditory ossicles

Question 3

Three auditory ossicles

Answer 3

Malleus, incus, stapes

Question 4

Muscles of the middle ear

Answer 4

Stapedius- prevents large vibrations of stapes
Tensor Tympani- Limits movements of malleus and stiffens eardrums to prevent damage

Question 5

Auditory tube

Answer 5

connects middle ear to throat, helps maintain equal pressure on both sides of tympanic membrane

Question 6

Round window

Answer 6

Thin membranous partition that separates perilymph from air spaces of middle ear

Question 7

Oval Window

Answer 7

Formed of collagen fibers and connected to the base of the stapes

Question 8

Inner ear is subdivided into:

Answer 8

Bony labyrinth (contains perilymph)
Membranous labrynth (Contains endolymph)

Question 9

The bony labyrinth is divided into three areas

Answer 9

Semicircular canals, vestibule, cochlea

Question 10

Function of the auditory tube

Answer 10

Permits equalization of pressures on either side of tympanic membrane

Question 11

Which portion of the inner ear controls equilibrium

Answer 11

The semicircular ducts, utricle, and saccule make up the vestibular complex which provides equilibrium

Question 12

Structure and function of cochlea

Answer 12

Structure- Bony spiral canal around a bony core called the modiolus
Function- hearing

Question 13

How are hairs similar to neurons

Answer 13

Respond similarly, cilia bend opening mechanically gated K channels and the receptor cell membrane depolarizes

Question 14

how do we distinguish between sound pitch and volume

Answer 14

The location of the vibration is interpreted as pitch, the number of stimulated cells is interpreted as volume