Side effects and interactions Flashcards
What are the enzyme INHIBITORS?
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Sodium valproate Isoniazid cimetidine ketoconazole fluconazole alcohol (binge) chloramphenicol erythromycin (all the macrocodes) sulfonamides (e.g co-trimoxazole) ciprofloxacin omeprazole metronidazole
What are the enzyme INDUCERS?
CRAP GPS- induce me to madness
carbamazepine rifampicin alcohol (chronic) Phenytoin Griseofulvin Phenobarbital St Johns wort/ sulphonylureas
Which element/mineral is constipating?
aluminium
Which element/ mineral has a laxative effect?
magnesium
What are some drugs that can cause hepatotoxicity?
statins, clauvulanic acid, fluclox, azoles (e.f fluconazole), tetracyclines, valproate, paracetamol, methotrexate, amiodarone, rifampicin, isoniazid, pioglitazone
What drugs commonly cause nephrotoxicity?
aminoglycosides, cephalosporins, NSAIDs
What prolong QT?
amiodarone, some SSRIs, macrocodes, fluconazole, lithium, methadone, ondansetron, sildenafil, sotalol, antipsychotics
What drugs cause hyperkalaemia?
Range: 3.5-5.3
Remember: HADBEANS:
heparins, ACEIs/ARBs, digoxin, beta blockers, eplerenone, amiloride, NSAIDs, spironolactone
Symptoms: cardiac arrest
Treatment: oral calcium resonium, IV calcium gluconate (cardioprotection)
insulin, glucose salbutamol can also help.
sod bic to correct acidosis.
We
What drugs cause hypokalaemia?
Range: 3.5-5.3
Remember: Dare insult betty's tough carpet: duretics insulin B2 agonists theophyline cortcosteroids
Symptoms: arrhythmias
Treatment: SLOW supplementation. Causes Nausea and vommiting so poor compliance.
IV potassium fatal in overdose.
What drugs cause hyponatraemia?
SSRIs, TCAs, NSAIDs, diuretics
What drugs commonly cause ototoxicity
gent, amikacin, neomycin, streptomycin
furosemide, bumetanide
vancomycin
With which medicines should you not drink grapefruit juice?
Statins
Amiodarone
Tacrolimus, ciclosporin
CCBs, sildenafil, sertraline
What are the common teratogenic drugs?
Warfarin Valproate isotretinoin statins anti folates(trimethoprim, methotrexate) ACE/ARB aspirin/NSAIDs lithium quinolones finasteride topiramate aminoglycosides
Which drugs commonly cause photosensitivity?
Amiodarone Doxycycline Retinoids tacrolimus co-trimoxazole chloroquine, quinine quinolone (e.g ciprofloxacin)
