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Pharmacology > Side Effects > Flashcards

Side Effects Flashcards

0
Q

SE of Imatinib

A

Fluid rentention, CHF

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1
Q

Catastrophic SE of asparaginase

A

Pancreatitis

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2
Q

Drug that causes erythromelalgia (throbbing/burning of hands and feet due to occlusion of small arteries)

A

Bromocriptine

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3
Q

Antibiotic commonly causing idiosyncratic aplastic anemia

A

Chloramphenicol

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4
Q

Occupational chemical exposure invariably causing aplastic anemia

A

Benzene

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5
Q

Anti-migraine drug that has been shown to cause retroperitoneal fibrosis

A

Methysergide (ergot derivative)

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6
Q

Teratogenic effect of ACE inhibitors

A

Fetal renal damage

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7
Q

Teratogenic effect of antiepileptic drugs

A

Neural tube defects

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8
Q

Teratogenic effect of phenytoin

A

Fetal hydrantoin syndrome

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9
Q

Teratogenic effect of oral hypoglycemic drugs

A

Neonatal hypoglycemia

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10
Q

Teratogenic effect of barbiturates

A

Neonatal dependence

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11
Q

Vaginal clear cell adenocarcinoma

A

Diethylstilbestrol

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12
Q

Teratogenic effect of ethanol

A

Fetal alcohol syndrome

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13
Q

This drug causes Ebstein’s anomaly

A

Lithium

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14
Q

Teratogenic effect of isotretinoin

A

Craniofacial malformation

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15
Q

Teratogenic effect of iodide

A

Congenital hypothyroidism

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16
Q

Teratogenic effect is Mobius sequence

A

Misoprostol

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17
Q

Teratogenic effect of penicillamine

A

Cutis laxa

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18
Q

Teratogenic effect of thalidomide

A

Phocomelia

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19
Q

Teratogenic effect of smoking

A

IUGR

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20
Q

Teratogenic effect of tetracycline

A

Tooth discoloration

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21
Q

Teratogenic effect of aminoglycosides

A

Ototoxicity

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22
Q

Teratogenic effect of methimazole

A

Aplasia cutis congenita

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23
Q

Teratogenic effect of sulfonamides

A

Kernicterus

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24
Q

Teratogenic effect of fluroquinolones

A

Cartilage damage

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25
Q

Teratogenic effect of warfarin

A

1st trimester: chondrodysplasia
2nd trimester: CNS malformations
3rd trimester: bleeding diathesis

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26
Q

SE Pilocarpine

A

Miosis, Blurring of vision

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27
Q

SE Nicotine

A

Generalized ganglionic stimulation

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28
Q

SE Edrophonium, Neostigmine, Rivastigmine

A

DUMBBELSS

Diarrhea
Urination
Miosis
Bronchospasm
Bradycardia
Excitation (skeletal muscle and CNS)
Lacrimation
Sweating
Salivation
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29
Q

SE: Betanechol

A

Diarrhea

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30
Q

SE Atropine

A

Tachycardia, Mydriasis, Cyclopegia, Skin flushing

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31
Q

SE Pralidoxime

A

Muscle weakness

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32
Q

A cholinergic antagonist that causes urinary retention

A

Benztropine (Biperiden, Trihexyphenidyl)

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33
Q

A cholinergic antagonist that causes dry mouth, nasal dryness and is less toxic than beta agonists in patients with COPD and heart disease

A

Ipratropium, Tiotropium

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34
Q

SE Scopolamine

A

Drowsiness, blurring of vision, dry eyes, constipation

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35
Q

A cholinergic nicotinic antagonist causing postural hypotension

A

Hexamethonium

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36
Q

SE Dopamine

A

Cardiovascular disturbance, Arrhythmias

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37
Q

Rebound nasal congestion

A

Phenylephrine (Pseudoephedrine)

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38
Q

An alpha 2 agonist which has a side effect of rebound hypertension

A

Clonidine

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39
Q

An alpha 2 agonist which may cause hemolytic anemia

A

Methyldopa

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40
Q

SE Apraclonidine

A

blurring of vision, dry mouth, conjunctivitis

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41
Q

An alpha 1 blocker with a side effect of first dose orthostatic hypotension

A

Prazosin

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42
Q

SE Propanolol

A

Bronchospasm, Erectile dysfunction

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43
Q

SE Hydrochlorothiazide

A

Hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis

HYPERGLUC
HyperGLYCEMIA
HyperLIPIDEMIA
HyperURICEMIA
HyperCALCEMIA
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44
Q

SE Furosemide

A

Loop diuretic toxicities

Oh Dang!
Ototoxicity
hypokalemia
Dehydration
Allergy to Sulfa
Nephritis
Gout
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45
Q

SE Reserpine

A

Severe psychiatric depression, suicidal ideation

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46
Q

SE: Hydralazine

A

Reflex tachycardia

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47
Q

Causes Hypertrichosis

A

Minoxidil

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48
Q

SE Verapamil

A

Pretibial edema, Gingival hyperplasia, Sinus node depression

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49
Q

SE Nifedipine

A

Pretibial edema, Flushing

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50
Q

A parenteral vasodilator which can cause Cyanide toxicity

A

Nitroprusside

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51
Q

SE Captopril

A

Cough, hyperkalemia

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52
Q

SE Losartan

A

Hypotension, Teratogen, hyperkalemia

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53
Q

An ultra short acting nitrate that can cause methemoglobinemia

A

Amyl nitrite

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54
Q

SE Nitroglycerin

A

Reflex tachycardia, tolerance (transdermal)

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55
Q

SE Procainamide

A

Lupus-like syndrome

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56
Q

SE Disopyramide

A

Marked antimuscarinic effects

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57
Q

SE Lidocaine

A

CNS stimulation, Agranulocytosis (Tocainide)

Drugs that cause agranulocytosis
Chloramphenicol
Clozapine
Co-trimoxazole
Colchicine
Aminopyrine
Phenylbutazone
PTU
Indomethacin
Tocainide
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58
Q

SE Flecainide

A

Proarrhythmic effects

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59
Q

SE Desmopressin

A

Hyponatremia, Hypertension

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60
Q

SE Sotalol

A

Sinus bradycardia, asthma, dose-related torsades de pointes

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61
Q

SE Amiodarone

A

Amiodarone Toxicity

Pulmonary fibrosis
Paresthesias
Tremors
Thyroid dysfunction
Corneal deposits
Skin deposits
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62
Q

SE Adenosine

A

Flushing

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63
Q

SE Acetazolamide

A

Hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis, renal calcium stones

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64
Q

SE Spironolactone

A 
Gynecomastia
Some Drugs Create Awesome Knockers
Spironolactone
Digoxin
Cimetidine
Alcohol
Ketoconazole
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65
Q

SE Conivaptan

A

Nephrogenic DI

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66
Q

SE Ezetimibe

A

Hepatotoxicity (increased with statin use)

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67
Q

What are the drugs that cause flushing?

A 
Drugs that cause flushing
V-A-N-C
Vancomycin
Adenosine
Niacin
Calcium channel blockers
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68
Q

SE Methylergonovine

A

Uterine spasm, Abortion

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69
Q

SE Misoprostol

A

Miscarriage, Teratogenic effect (Moebius effect)

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70
Q

SE Alprostadil

A

Priapism

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71
Q

SE Latanoprost

A

Permanent eye color change

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72
Q

SE G-CSF

A

Bone pain (arthralgia)

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73
Q

A class 1A anti-arrhythmic which causes Cinchonism (headache, vertigo, tinnitus)

A

Quinidine

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74
Q

Osmotic diuretic causing transient volume expansion

A

Mannitol

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75
Q

Causes transient volume expansion

A

Mannitol

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76
Q

A bile acid-binding resin causing bloating, Constipation, Gritty taste

A

Cholestyramine

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77
Q

SE Fluticasone

A

Oropharyngeal candidiasis

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78
Q

Drug that causes pancreatitis

A

Indomethacin

can also cause serious hematologic reactions (aplastic anemia, thrombocytopenia)

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79
Q

SE Montelukast

A

Churg-Strauss Syndrome (rare)

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80
Q

SE Ferrous sulfate

A

Acute overdose: Necrotizing gastroenteritis

Chronic overload: Hemochromatosis

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81
Q

SE Epoetin Alfa

A

Pure red cell aplasia

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82
Q

SE Simvastatin

A

Hepatotoxicity, Nephropathy, Rhabdomyolysis

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83
Q

Anti-arrhythmic that causes flushing

A

Adenosine

Drugs that cause flushing
V-A-N-C
Vancomycin
Adenosine
Niacin
Calcium channel blockers
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84
Q

Medications that may cause drug-induced lupus

A 
It's HIPP to have lupus
Hydralazine
Isoniazid
Procainamide
Penicillamine
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85
Q

SE Gemfibrozil

A

Nausea, Rashes, Leukopenia, Hemoconcentration

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86
Q

Histamine antagonist that causes drowsiness

A

Diphenhydramine

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87
Q

SE Thiopental

A

Extension of CNS depressant actions, tolerance, dependence liability, acute intermittent porphyria

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88
Q

SE Sumatriptan

A

Chest pain, Coronary vasospasm

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88
Q

SE Heparin

A

Heparin induced thrombocytopenia

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89
Q

SE Clopidogrel

A

Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

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89
Q

SE Warfarin

A

Warfarin induced skin necrosis (for protein C and S deficiency), Teratogen (bone defects, hemorrhage)

90
Q

SE Dipyramidole

A

Headache

91
Q

SE Aminocaproic acid

A

Thrombosis, hypotension, myopathy

93
Q

SE Celecoxib

A

GI Bleeding, MI and Stroke (Rofecoxib, Valdecoxib)

94
Q

SE Paracetamol

A

Hepatotoxicity

95
Q

SE Methotrexate

A

Mucosal ulcers

96
Q

SE Mycophenolate Mofetil

A

Neutropenia

97
Q

SE Sulfasalazine

A

Hemolytic anemia, Methemoglobinemia

98
Q

SE Probenecid

A

Nephrotic Syndrome, Aplastic Anemia

100
Q

Anti-asthma drug that causes seizures

A

Theophylline

101
Q

Drug that can cause Cerebral hemorrhage, Reperfusion, and Arrhythmias

A

Alteplase

102
Q

SE Allopurinol

A

Peripheral neuritis, Aplastic anemia, Cataracts (Idiosyncratic)

103
Q

SE Midazolam

A

causes anterograde amnesia and Rebound insomnia/anxiety

104
Q

SE Flumazenil

A

Benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome

105
Q

SE Ethanol

A

Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome (Weird ACO-Ataxia,Confusion, Ophthalmoplegia)

Liver disease, increased risk for Pancreatitis, arrhythmias, Fetal alcohol syndrome

106
Q

SE Phenytoin

A

Hirsutism, Gingival hyperplasia, Teratogen (Fetal Hydrantoin Syndrome)

107
Q

Anti-seizure drug with most number of mechanisms of action

A

Topiramate

108
Q

SE Desflurane

A

A pulmonary irritant causing bronchospasm

109
Q

SE Sevoflurane

A

Peripheral vasodilation, renal insufficiency

110
Q

SE Isoflurane

A

Cathecholamine-induced arrhythmias

111
Q

SE Enflurane

A

Spike and wave activity, Muscle twitching, breath holding, myocardial depression

112
Q

SE Halothane

A 
Post-operative hepatitis, malignant hyperthermia
Fever
Clonus
Hypertension
Acidosis
Rhabdomyolysis
Trismus
113
Q

SE Ketamine

A

Increased ICP, emergence delirium

114
Q

SE Aspirin

A

GI Toxicity, Hypersensitivity, HAGMA, Reye Syndrome in children

SAMTER TRIAD
Asthma
Aspirin Sensitivity
Nasal polyps

114
Q

SE Vitamin K

A

Severe infusion reaction when administered too fast (dyspnea, chest and back pain)

114
Q

SE Ketorolac

A

GI and Nephrotoxicity

115
Q

SE Ibuprofen

A

GI bleeding

116
Q

Drug that causes pancreatitis

A

Indomethacin

can also cause serious hematologic reactions (aplastic anemia, thrombocytopenia)

117
Q

SE Gabapentin

A

Dizziness, Sedation, Ataxia, Nystagmus, Tremor

118
Q

SE Tubocurarine and Pancuronium

A

Recurarization

Drugs used in lethal injection:
thiopental
Pancuronium
Potassium chloride

119
Q

Causes Euphoria and Megaloblastic anemia on prolonged exposure

A

Nitrous oxide

120
Q

What anesthetic drugs are implicated in malignant hyperthermia?

A

Halothane, Succinylcholine

121
Q

A non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocker causing bronchospasm. Also undergoes Hoffman elimination.

A

Atracurium

122
Q

This results to a rare interaction of Succinylcholine and Halothane

A

Malignant Hyperthermia

123
Q

An anti-parkinsonism drug that causes emesis and dyskinesia and is also contraindicated in patients with history of Psychosis.

A

Levodopa-Carbidopa

124
Q

A dopamine agonist which may cause compulsive gambling, hypersexuality, overeating, and uncontrollable tendency to fall asleep.

A

Pramipexole (Ropinirole)

125
Q

SE: Selegiline

A

Serotonin Syndrome when used with SSRI.

Serotonin Syndrome FAT CHD
Fever
Agitation
Tremor
Clonus
Hyperreflexia
Diaphoresis
126
Q

A COMT inhibitor that causes orange urine.

A

Entacapone

127
Q

An antiviral/antiparkinsonism drug that may cause Livedo Reticularis.

A

Amantadine

Drugs causing livedo reticularis
A man reads FHM and GQ 
Amantadine
Hydroxyurea
Minocycline
Gemcitabine
Quinidine
128
Q

SE: Chlorpromazine

A

Corneal and lens deposits

129
Q

A typical antipsychotic that can cause retinal deposits. Also, it has the strongest autonomic effects. Only antipsychotic with fatal overdose.

A

Thioridazine

130
Q

SE: Olanzapine

A

Weight gain

131
Q

A typical antipsychotic that can cause extrapyramidal dysfunctions and neuroleptic malignant syndrome.

A

Haloperidol

Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (FEVER)
Fever
Encephalopathy
Vitals unstable
Elevated CPK
Rigidity
132
Q

SE: Clozapine

A

Agranulocytosis

Drugs that cause agranulocytosis
Clozapine
Methimazole
Chloramphenicol

Reduces risk of suicide

133
Q

An atypical antipsychotic causing marked hyperprolactinemia.

A

Risperidone

134
Q

SE: Ziprasidone

A

QT prolongation

135
Q

A mood stabilizer which causes nephrogenic DI and Ebstein’s Anomaly.

A

Lithium

136
Q

SE: Fluoxetine

A

Erectile dysfunction

A SORE PEniS can't Fuck Hard
SSRIs
Opiates
Risperidone
Ethanol
Propanolol
Estrogens
Spironolactone
Finasteride
Hydrochlorothiazide
137
Q

An antidepressant that can cause priapism

A

Trazadone

Drugs that can cause priapism
Tigas PeniS Q, AyaW Bumaba
Trazodone
Papaverine
Sildenafil
Quetiapine
Alprostadil
Warfarin
Bupropion
138
Q

An antidepressant causing Amenorrhea-galactorrhea syndrome.

A

Amoxapine

139
Q

SE: Morphine

A

Respiratory depression

140
Q

SE: Methadone

A

Drug induced hyperthyroidism

141
Q

SE: Tramadol

A

Seizure

142
Q

Drug of abuse that causes necrotizing arteritis

A

Amphetamines

143
Q

Overdose of this drug may cause crack lung or hemorrhagic alveolitis.

A

Cocaine

144
Q

SE: Radioactive iodine

A

Permanent hypothyroidsm

145
Q

A GnRH analog which causes temporary exacerbation of precocious puberty and prostate cancer.

A

Leuprolide

146
Q

A thioamide which causes cholestatic jaundice and agranulocytosis. As a teratogen, exposure leads to Aplasia cutis congenita

A

Methimazole

147
Q

SE: Ethinyl Estradiol

A

Thromboembolism, increases risk of endometrial and breast CA

148
Q

SE: Diethylstilbestrol (DES)

A

Clear Cell Vaginal Adenocarcinoma

149
Q

SE: Clomiphene

A

Multiple pregnancies (10%)

150
Q

An insulin secretagouge which has a Disulfiram reaction

A

Chlorpropamide

151
Q

SE: Glibenclamide

A

Cholestatic jaundice

152
Q

SE: Metformin

A

Weight loss, vitamin B12 malabsorption

153
Q

SE: Rosiglitazone

A

Cardiovascular events

154
Q

SE: Troglitazone

A

Hepatotoxicity

155
Q

A thiazolidinedione causing weight gain, dyslidemia, and congestive heart failure

A

Pioglitazone

156
Q

SE: Acarbose

A

GI disturbances (flatulence, diarrhea, abdominal pain)

157
Q

An incretin modulator that may cause acute pancreatitis

A

Exenatide

158
Q

Anti-obesity drug that leads to steatorrhea, malabsorption of fat-soluble vitamins, and rebound weight gain upon discontinuation

A

Orlistat

159
Q

SE: Rimonabant

A

Suicidality, depression, nausea

160
Q

SE: Teriparatide

A

Hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria

161
Q

SE: Calcitriol

A

Secondary hyperparathyroidism in CKD, Hypocalcemia in hypoparathyroidism

162
Q

Drug that causes reactivation of latent tuberculosis

A

Infliximab

162
Q

SE Azathioprine

A

Bone Marrow supression, increased incidence of lymphoma

162
Q

May cause ocular toxicity

A

Chloroquine

164
Q

Drug that commonly causes hemorrhagic cystitis

A

Cyclophosphamide

165
Q

A vitamin D which may cause psoriasis

A

Calcipotriene

167
Q

Antiseizure drugs that cause SJS

A

Carbamazipine, Lamotrigine

168
Q

Local anesthetic with severe cardiovascular toxicity

A

Bupovacaine, Ropivacaine

Treat with intralipid

169
Q

SE Valproic Acid

A

Alopecia, Hepatotoxicity (infants), Teratogen (Spina bifida)

170
Q

Drugs that can cause gingival hyperplasia

A

Nifedipine
Cyclosporine
Phenytoin
Verapamil

171
Q

Halothane

A

Post-operative Hepatitis, Malignant Hyperthermia (with Succinyl choline)

Malignant Hyperthermia (FCHART)
Fever
Clonus
Hypertension
Acidosis
Rhabdomyolysis
Trismus
171
Q

This drug can cause Hallucinations and Psychosis

A

Levetiracetam

171
Q

SE Etomidate

A

Myoclonus, Adrenocortical suppression

171
Q

SE Fentanyl

A

Causes Respiratory depression, Chest wall rigidity, constipation

antidote: NALAXONE

171
Q

SE Propofol

A

Bradycardia, Hypotension

171
Q

Local anesthetic with an adverse effect of antibody formation

A

Procaine

171
Q

SE: Alendronate

A

Esophagitis

171
Q

Most hepatotoxic general inhalational anesthetic

A

Halothane

171
Q

Dangerous hypotension with PDE inhibitors like Sildenafil

A

Nitroglycerin

177
Q

Drugs that can cause disulfiram reaction

A 
Chlorpropamide
Cefo Perazone - 3rd
        Mandole - 2nd
        Tetan - 2nd
Procarbazine
Metronidazole
178
Q

Drugs that could cause pulmonary fibrosis

A 
BBBAN Me
Bleomycin
Bromocriptine
Busulfan
Amiodarone
Nitrofurantoin
Metronidazole
179
Q

What are Bactericidal Antibiotics?

A 
Very Finely Proficient At Murder
Vancomycin
Fluoroquinolones
Penicillins
Aminoglycosides
Metronidazole
180
Q

These are Bacteriostatic Antibiotics

A 
We're ECSTaTiC about bacteriostatics
Erythromycin
Clindamycin
Sulfamethoxazole
Trimethoprim
Tetracycline
Chloramphenicol

Sulfa+Trimethoprim=Bactericidal

181
Q

Has complete cross-allergenicity with Cephalosporins

A

Penicillin

182
Q

A penicillin which causes interstitial nephritis

A

Methicillin

183
Q

SE of Nafcillin

A

Neutropenia

184
Q

SE of Clavulanic acid

A

Cholestatic jaundice

185
Q

A glycopeptide that causes Red Man Syndrome, nephrotoxicity, and Ototoxicity

A

Vancomycin

186
Q

SE: Chloramphenicol

A

Aplastic Anemia, Gray Baby Syndrome

187
Q

A 30s inhibitor causing tooth enamel dysplasia/discoloration

A

Tetracycline

188
Q

SE: Clindamycin

A

Pseudomembranous colitis

189
Q

A 50s inhibitor that can cause Arthralgia-myalgia syndrome

A

Quinuprustin-Dalfopristin

190
Q

SE: Linezolid

A

Serotonin syndrome, optic neuritis

191
Q

SE: Streptomycin

A

Ototoxicity

192
Q

Most ototoxic aminoglycosides

A

Kanamycin, Amikacin

193
Q

Most vestibulotoxic aminoglycosides

A

Tobramycin, Gentamycin

194
Q

This sulfonamide may cause Kernicterus

A

SilverSulfadiazine

195
Q

A 2nd generation fluoroquinolone resulting to tendinitis and tendon rupture

A

Ciprofloxacin

196
Q

This fluoroquinolone may cause Diabetes

A

Gatifloxacin

197
Q

A nitroimidazole which has a metallic taste

A

Metronidazole

198
Q

SE: Rifampicin

A

Red-Orange urine

199
Q

SE: Ethambutol

A

Visual disturbances (decreased visual acuity, red-green color blindness, retrobulbar neuritis, retinal damage)

200
Q

Anti-TB drug which causes Asymptomatic Hyperuricemia

A

Pyrazinamide

201
Q

SE: Dapsone

A

Methemoglobinemia

202
Q

SE: Amphotericin B

A

Nephrotoxicity (RTA with magnesium and potassium wasting)

203
Q

DOC for CMV retinitis which causes hypocalcemia

A

Foscarnet

204
Q

SE: Zidovudine

A

Lactic acidosis with hepatic steatosis and bone marrow suppression

205
Q

A protease inhibitor which may cause hyperlipidemia, fat redistribution, and Acanthosis Nigricans

A

Idinavir

206
Q

SE: Amantadine

A

Livedo reticularis

207
Q

This drug for influenza may cause bronchospasm in asthmatics

A

Zanamivir

208
Q

SE: Quinine

A

Cinchonism (headache, tinnitus, vertigo)

Blackwater fever-intravascular hemolysis

209
Q

An Anti-protozoal used in amoebiasis which causes thyroid enlargement

A

Iodoquinol

210
Q

SE: Ivermectin

A

Mazzoti Reaction (Fever, headache, dizziness, rash, pruritus, tachycardia, hypotension, joint pains)

211
Q

An ankylating agent causing hemorrhagic cystitis

A

Cyclophosphamide

212
Q

SE: Dacarbazine

A

Phototoxicity

213
Q

A vinca alkaloid causing paralytic ileus

A

Vincristine

214
Q

SE: Doxorubicin

A

Dilated cardiomyopathy

215
Q

SE: All-trans retinoic acid

A

Retinoic acid syndrome (dyspnea, fever, weight gain, peripheral edema)

216
Q

SE: Prednisone

A

Adrenal suppression

217
Q

SE: Magnesium-Aluminum Hydroxide

A

Metabolic Alkalosis (Milk-Alkali syndrome)

218
Q

A mucosal protective agent that can cause black stools and darkening of the tongue

A

Bismuth salicylate

219
Q

The DOC for diabetic gastroparesis which may cause Parkinsonism, EPS, and hyperprolactinemia

A

Metoclopramide

220
Q

This causes malabsorption of the fat-soluble vitamins

A

Docusate

221
Q

SE: Senna

A

Melanosis coli

222
Q

SE: Penicillamine

A

Nephrotoxicity with proteinuria

Teratogen: cutis laxa

Pharmacology (4 decks)

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