General Flashcards by Boards August2013

Primary chemotherapeutic drug for CML

Imatinib

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What is the primary chemotherapeutic drug for ALL?

Asparaginase

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DOC for sickle cell anemia

Hydroxyurea

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DOC for the parasitic infection that can lead to megaloblastic anemia

Praziquantel

Diphyllobothrium latum

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DOC for parasitic infection that can lead to microcytic hypochromic anemia

Albendazole

hookworms - Necator, Ancylostoma

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Rescue therapy for methotrexate

Leucovorin/Folinic acid

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Rescue therapy for cyclophosphamide

Mesna

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Rescue therapy for doxorubicin

Dexrazoxane

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Rescue therapy for cisplatin

Amifostine

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Treatment for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia

Lepirudin, Agartroban

Direct thrombin inhibitors

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DOC for outpatient management of lead poisoning

Succimer

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DOC for malignant hyperthermia

Dantrolene

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DOC for CMV infection

Ganciclovir

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None of the cephalosporins are effective against ___________, ____________ & _____________.

Listeria monocytogenes
Enterococci
Methillin-Resistant Staph Aureus

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DOC for Yersinia pestis

Streptomycin and/or Doxycycline

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DOC for eradication of chronic carriage of Salmonella in the gallbladder. Why?

Ampicillin

For enterohepatic recycling

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Drugs that are known to cause pseudo membranous colitis

Clindamycin, Ampicillin, 3rd Generation Cephalosporins

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Ach is synthesized from acetyl CoA and choline by the enzyme choline acetyltransferase which is inhibited by

Hemocholinium

cholinergic synthesis

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ACh is actively transported into vesicles for storage by vesicle-associated transporter (VAT), inhibited by

Vesamicol

cholinergic storage

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Entry of calcium triggers interaction among SNARE proteins (VAMPs and SNAPs). ______________ toxins alter synaptobrevins to prevent release of ACh.

Botulinium

cholinergic release

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Degradation of ACh into choline and acetate by acetylcholinesterase, inhibited by ____________

Carbamates or organophosphates

cholinergic termination

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Messenger of M1 (nerve endings)

Gq - Increase IP3, DAG cascade

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Messenger of M2 (heart, some nerve endings)

Gi - Decrease cAMP, activates K channels

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Messenger of M3 effector cells

Gq - Increase IP3, DAG cascade

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Used for bladder and bowel atony post surgery

Betanechol

Cholinomimetic used for Sjogren syndrome and Sicca syndrome

Pilocarpine

Cholinomimetic used for smoking cessation

Varenicline

Used in diagnosis of myasthenia gravis

Edrophonium

Used in the treatment of myasthenia gravis

Neostigmine

Differentiates a cholinergic crisis from a myasthenic crisis

Tensilon test myasthenic crisis - undermedication cholinergic crisis - overmedication

Cholinomimetic used in Alzheimer's disease

Rivastigmine, Galantamine, Donepezil, Tacrine

First choice antidote for organophosphate poisoning

Atropine

Antidote for organophosphate poisoning and nerve gas poisoning (sarin, tabun)

Pralidoxime

Cholinergic antagonist used for Parkinson's disease

Benztropine, Biperiden, Trihexyphenidyl TRI to park your BENZ, BIP here.

Why is Ipatropium DOC in asthmatic patients with comorbid COPD and heart disease?

Less likely to cause tachycardia and arrhythmias

Cholinergic antagonist used for motion sickness

Scopolamine

Obsolete hypertensive drug due to its significant postural hypotension

Hexamethonium

Depolarizing neuromuscular blocker

Succinylcholine

Tyrosine is hydroxylated by tyrosine hydroxylase to DOPA which is inhibited by

Metyrosine | adrenergic synthesis

Norepinephrine and dopamine are transported into vesicles which is inhibited by

Reserpine | adrenergic transport

Entry of calcium triggers interaction among SNARE proteins inhibited by

Guanethidine | adrenergic release

Diffusion and reuptake of norepinephrine via NET and DAT in synaptic cleft is inhibited by

Cocaine and TCAs | adrenergic termination

Norepinephrine and epinephrine are metabolized by ____________ and ____________ into metanephrine and VMA

MAO and COMT | adrenergic termination

Messenger of alpha1(effector tissues, smooth muscles, glands)

Gq - increase IP3, DAG

Messenger of alpha2 (nerve endings, smooth muscle)

Gi - Decrease cAMP

Messenger of beta1 (cardiac muscles, JG apparatus)

Gs - Increase cAMP

Messenger of beta2 (smooth muscle, liver, heart)

Gs - Increase cAMP

Sympathomimetic used for anaphylaxis

Epinephrine

Non selective sympathomimetic used in cases of shock due to its action on splanchnic and renal vessels

Dopamine

Receptors activated by dopamine dependent on dose

``` Low dose (1-5mcg) - dopamine receptors Medium dose (5-15mcg) - beta receptors High dose (>15mcg) - alpha receptors ```

Sympathomimetic used as decongestant

Phenylephrine, Pseudoephedrine

DOC for preeclampsia

Methyldopa

Used for acute heart failure and may also be used in cardiac stress test

Dobutamine

DOC for acute asthma attacks

Albuterol, Salbutamol

Used for tocolysis in preterm labor

Terbutaline, Rotodrine

Sympathomimetic used in spinal shock

Alpha1 agonists (Pseudoephedrine, Phenylephrine)

DOC for pheochromocytoma

``` Phentolamine Phenoxybenzamine (of historical interest) ```

Alpha1 antagonist most selective for prostatic smooth muscle

Tamsulosin

Has intrinsic sympathomimetic activity

Pindolol, Acetabulol

Beta blocker with the longest half life

Nadolol

Beta blocker with the smallest half life

Esmolol

Bet blocker that can be used to supraventricular tachycardia

Esmolol

First line drug for hypertension for patients without comorbidities

Thiazide diuretics - Hydrochlorthiazide, Chlorthalidone, Indapamide, Metolazone

DOC for nephrogenic DI

Thiazide diuretics

Used to treat rebound hypertension from Clonidine use

Phentolamine

Vasodilator that is used for also alopecia

Minoxidil It stimulates hair follicles in the telagen phase to differentiate into growth follicles in the anagen phase

Used in hypertensive emergencies but has SE of cyanide toxicity

Nitroprusside

Why are patients with diabetic nephropathy treated with ACE inhibitors or ARBs?

Decrease albumin excretion and slow progression from microalbuminuria to macroalbuminuria

Why do patients taking angiotensin antagonists develop hyperkalemia?

They reduce aldosterone levels and cause potassium retention

Vasodilator used for cyanide poisoning

Amyl nitrite

Drugs that have narrow therapeutic index

``` WALA na Cyang PaPa VasTeD na Warfarin Aminoglycosides Lithium Amphotericin B Carbamazepine Phenobarbital Phenytoin Vancomycin Theophylline Digoxin ```

DOC for digitalis toxicity

Lidocaine

First line drugs for chronic heart failure

Angiotensin antagonists | ACE inhibitors and ARBs

First line therapy in both systolic and diastolic heart failure

Diuretics

Role in immediate reduction of the pulmonary congestion and severe edema associated with acute heart failure

Furosemide

What are the effects of class I antiarrhythmias on AP duration?

Class IA: prolongs AP duration Class IB: shortens AP duration Class IC: no effect on AP duration

Used for treatment of class IA antiarrhythmia overdose

Sodium lactate

DOC for ventricular arrhythmias and post MI. Least cardiotoxic among conventional antiarrhythmics.

Lidocaine

Used for refractory arrhythmias

Class IC | Flecainide, Encainide, Propafenone

Used for all types of arrhythmias and for arrhythmias in the acute phase of myocardial infarction

Class IA | Disopyramide, Quinidine, Procainamide

Used for treatment and prophylaxis of atrial fibrillation

Dofetilide

Most efficacious of all antiarrhythmics but also most toxic

Amiodarone

Why are dihydropyridine CCBs not used as antiarrhythmics?

Evoke compensatory sympathetic discharge which facilitates arrhythmias

DOC for paroxysmal supraventricular arrhythmias

Adenosine

Diuretic that can be used for mountain sickness

Aetazolamide

Efficacy is decreased by NSAIDs and has synergistic ototoxicity with aminoglycosides

Furosemide

Diuretic that reduces progression of DM Nephropathy and reduces mortality in post-MI

Eplenerone

Diuretic usually used to decrease intracranial pressure

Mannitol

May occur with rapid correction of hyponatremia

Central pontine myelinosis

Why are statins used in the management if acute coronary disease?

For stabilization of atherosclerotic plaques

Increases TGs and VLDL in patients with high triglyceride

Cholestryamine Bile acid resin

Most effective agent for increasing HDL levels

Niacin

DOC for hypertriglyceridemia

Fibrates Gemfibrozil, Fenofibrate, Bezafibrate

Endogenous molecules with powerful pharmacologic effects that do not fall into traditional autonomic groups

Autacoids

Excess histamine production is detected in the urine as

Imidazole acetic acid

Messenger of H1 (smooth muscle)

Gq - Increase IP3, DAG

Messenger of H2 (stomach, heart, mast cells)

Gs - Increase cAMP

Histamine receptor antagonist used for motion sickness

Meclizine, Cyclizine

Drug used for chemotherapy and postoperative vomiting

Ondansetron

DOC for acute migraine

Sumatriptan | 5-HT1D receptor agonists

Ergot alkaloid used for postpartum bleeding

Ergonovine, Methylergonovine

Group of endogenous fatty acid derivatives that are produced from arachidonic acid

Eicosanoids

Prostaglandin E1 analog used for prevention of NSAID induced gastric mucosal injury but is an abortifacient

Misoprostol

Prostaglandin E1 analog used for maintenance of PDA

Alprastodil

Prostaglandin analog used for induction of labor

Dinoprostone

Prostaglandin analog used for control of postpartum hemorrhage

Carboprost

Prostaglandin analog used in pulmonary hypertension and reduces platelet aggregation in dialysis machines

Prostaglandin I2 analogs Epoprostenol, Beraprost, Iloprost, Treprostinil

Antidote for methylxanthine overdosage

Beta blockers

DOC for asthma prophylaxis

Fluticasone

Prophylaxis of severe, refractory asthma not responsive to all other drugs

Omalizumab

Iron with highest elemental iron

Ferrous fumarate

Iron with lowest elemental iron

Ferrous gluconate

Used for anemia associated with chronic renal failure

Epoetin alfa

Used for neutropenia associated with chemotherapy, myelodysplasia and aplastic anemia

Filgrastim

Used for secondary prevention of thrombocytopenia in patients undergoing cytotoxic chemotherapy

Oprelvekin

Toxic dose of ASA

150mg/kg

Lethal dose of ASA

500mg/kg or 30g

Antiplatelet used during PCI to prevent thrombosis

Abciximab, Eptifibatide, Tirofiban

Antiplatelet used for prevention and treatment of arterial thrombosis

Clopidogrel

Used in prevention of thromboembolic complications of cardiac valve replacement and in secondary prevention of ischemic stroke (with aspirin)

Cilostazol, Dipyridamole

Antidote for heparin toxicity

Protamine sulfate

DOC for anticoagulation during pregnancy

Heparin

Used for chronic anticoagulation monitored with PT

Warfarin

Antidote for alteplase

Aminocaproic acid

Used for prevention of hemorrhagic diatheses in newborns

Vitamin K

Increases the factor VIII activity of patients with mild hemophilia A and von Willebrand disease

Desmopressin

Indications for use of aspirin in the pediatric age

Rheumatic fever Kawasaki disease Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis

Only intravenous NSAID used for postsurgical analgesic control

Ketorolac

Nonselective COX inhibitor used for closure of PDA

Indomethacin

Antidote for Paracetamol overdose

N-Acetylcysteine

Toxic dose of paracetamol

150mg/kg

Lethal dose of paracetamol

15g

DMARD that is also an antimalarial drug

Chloroquine

DMARD that can be used in inflammatory bowel disease

Sulfasalazine

Abnormal sleep pattern from use of benzodiazepines

Decreased REM sleep

Benzodiazepine with the longest half life

Chlordiazepoxide (36-200 hours)

Treatment for benzodiazepine overdose

Flumazenil

Barbiturates that are used in Gilbert's syndrome

Long acting Phenobarbital, Mephobarbital, Primidone

Used for sleep disorder (insomnia)

Zolpidem, Zaleplon

Used for generalized anxiety disorder

Buspirone

Responsible for ethanol metabolism at blood levels higher than 100 mg/dl

Microsomal ethanol oxidizing system

DOC sedative-hypnotic for alcohol withdrawal

Long acting benzodiazepine Diazepam, Chlordiazepoxide

Treatment for methanol poisoning

Ethanol Competitively inhibits oxidation of methanol

Treatment for ethylene glycol poisoning

Fomepizole Slows or inhibits formation of oxalic acid

Only antiseizure drug with effect on K+ channel

Oxcarbazepine

First line in treatment of acute attack

Colchicine

Antiseizure drug that is the DOC for trigeminal neuralgia

Carbamazepine

DOC for absence seizures

Ethosuximide

Antiseizure drug used for Lennox-Gestaut syndrome (frequent seizures of different types)

Topiramate

Antiseizure drugs also used in postherpetic neuralgia

Gabapentin, Pregabalin

Best measure of potency of inhaled anesthetics

Minimum alveolar concentration

Inhaled anesthetic with lowest potency and least cardiotoxicity. Used for minor surgery and dental procedures

Nitrous oxide

Color of bottles of inhalational anesthetics

Desflurane - blue Sevoflurane - yellow Isoflurane - purple Enflurane - orange

Highest potency and lowest MAC among inhalational anesthetics

Methoxyflurane

General anesthetic used for dissociative amnesia

Ketamine

Called the milk of amnesia and causes prolonged sedation

Propofol

Local anesthetic with longest half life

Ropivacaine

Local anesthetic with shortest half life

Procaine

All local anesthetics are vasodilators except

Cocaine

Local anesthesia used for extravasation complications from venipucture and inadvertent intraarterial injections

Procaine

Local anesthetic used for spinal anesthesia and topical ophthalmic anesthesia

Tetracaine

Toxic dose of lidocaine

5mg/kg

First line treatment for chronic gout

Allopurinol

Irreversible inhibitor of GABA aminotransferase and is useful in the treatment of partial seizures and West syndrome

Vigabatrin

DOC for Parkinson's disease

Levodopa-Carbidopa

Antiparkinsonism drug also used for restless leg syndrome

Pramipexole

Used for on-off phenomena in Parkinson's disease

Apomorphine Alternating periods of improved mobility and akinesia occurring few hours to days

Used for wearing off phenomena in Parkinson's disease

Entacapone Deterioration of drug effect in between medication due to progressive destruction of nigrostriatal neurons

Occurs when selegiline is used with SSRIs

Serotonin syndrome

5 dopamine receptors

D1 Mesocortical-Mesolimbic: regulating mentation and mood D2 Nigrostriatal: extrapyramidal function D3 Tuberoinfindibular: control of prolactin release D4 Medullary-Periventricular: eating behavior D5 Incertohypothalamic: anticipatory motivational phase of copulatory behavior

Only antipsychotic with fatal overdose

Thioridazine

Only antipsychotic that reduces the risk of suicide

Clozapine

Nondepolarizng neuromuscular blocker with most rapid onset

Rocuronium (60-120 seconds)

Most commonly used clinically nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocker

Cisatracurium

Nondepolarizng neuromuscular blocker metabolized by bile

Vecuronium

Nondepolarizng neuromuscular blocker metabolized by pseudocholinesterase

Mivacurium

Novel reversal agent for rocuronium

Summadex

Undergoes Hoffman elimination to form laudanosine

Atracurium

Effects of nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockers can be reversed by

Neostigmine

Nondepolarizng neuromuscular blocker that was used for lethal injection

Pancuronium

Nondepolarizng neuromuscular blocker used for strychnine poisoning

Pancuronium

Atypical antipsychotic used for manic episodes in biolar disorder

Olanzapine

Atypical psychotic also used for intractable hiccups

Risperidone

Only antipsychotic approved for schizophrenia in the youth

Risperidone

Least sedating atypical antipsychotic

Aripripazole

Treatment of lithium overdose

Dialysis

Threshold for toxicity of lithium

2 mEq/L

Toxic dose of tricyclic antidepressants

7mg/kg

Lethal dose of tricyclic antidepressants

15mg/kg

First line drug for major depressive disorder

SSRIs Fluoxetine, Paroxetine, Citalopram, Escitalopram, Straline, Fluvoxamine

Antidepressant used for appetite stimulation

Mirtazipine

Drug interaction of MAO inhibitor and tyramine

Hypertensive crisis

Treatment for serotonin syndrome

Cryoheptidine

Opioid with shortest half life

Remifentanil (3-4 mins)

Opioid with longest half life

Buprenorphine (4-8 hours)

Most potent opioid

Ohmefentanyl

Given for pain associated with acute myocardial infarction

Morphine

Used for severe pain and for breakthrough cancer pain which may be given transdermally or via lollipop

Fentanyl

Opioid used for cough suppression

Codeine, Dextremetorphan

Opioid resistant to naloxone reversal and is most commonly abused drug in medical practitioners

Nalbuphine

Reduces craving in alcohol dependence

Naltrexone

Precipitates withdrawal syndrome in patients with opioid dependence

Naloxone

Physical or physiologic dependence characterized by signs and symptoms when the drug is withdrawn or dose is lowered

Dependence

Psychological dependence where there is compulsive drug-using behavior in which the person uses the drug for personal satisfaction

Addiction

Somatostain analog used for variceal bleeding

Octreotide

Used for genetic diseases associated with growth retardation (Turner, Noonan, Prader-Willi)

Somatropin

Combined with Leuprolide to prevent tumor flare up when used for treatment of advanced prostate cancer

Flutamide

Can be used for prostate cancer and will not cause tumor flare up

Ganirelix

Used for labor induction and augmentation and control of postpartum hemorrhage

Oxytocin

Drug used for central DI

Desmopressin

Used in patient with hypothyroidism and myxedema coma

Levothyroxine

DOC for pregnant patient with hyperthyroidism

Propylthiouracil

Definitive treatment for hyperethyroidism

Radioactive iodine

Drug used in preparation for thyroidectomy as it reduces size and vascularity of thyroid gland

Lugol's solution

Ingestion of iodine causes hypothyroidism

Wolf-Chaikoff effect

Ingestion of iodine causes hyperthyroidism

Jod-Basedow effect

Glucocorticoid with the highest anti inflammatory property

Betamethasone

Used for chronic adrenal insufficiency, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, adrenal replacement therapy post-adrenalectomy

Fludrocortisone

Abused by body builders to lower circulating levels of cortisol in the body and prevent muscle loss

Aminoglutethimide

DOC for pregnant patients with Cushing's syndrome

Metyrapone

Used for hormone-responsive breast cancer (ER/PR+)

Tamoxifen

Selective estrogen receptor modulator that has no effects on endometrial tissue

Raloxifene

Antiandrogen used for endometriosis and fibrocystic disease

Danazol

Used for medical abortion

Mifepristone RU-486

Used as illegal performance enhancement drugs in athletes

Oxandrolone

Used for surgical castration

Nilutamide

Androgen synthesis inhibitor used for BPH, male pattern baldness and hirsutism

Finasteride, Dutasteride

Rapid acting insulin

Lispro, aspart, glulisine

Long acting insulin

Detemir, glargine

First line drug for Type II diabetes mellitus and DOC for obese diabetics

Metformin

Used for Paget's disease of bone and as tumor marker for medullary thyroid cancer

Calcitonin

Bactericidal antibiotics

Very Finely Proficient At Murder ``` Vancomycin Fluoroquinolones Penicillins Aminoglycosides Metronidazole ```

Bacteriostatic antibiotics

ECSTaTiC about bacteriostatics ``` Erythromycin Clindamycin Sulfamethoxazole Trimetoprim Tetracycline Chloramphenicol ```

Initiation of drug treatment before identification of a specific pathogen

Empiric therapy

Mechanism of penicillin resistance in Staph aureus

Ezymatic hydrolysis of beta lactam ring formation of beta lactamases

Mechanism of penicillin resistance in MRSA and enterococci

Structural change in target penicillin binding proteins

Mechanism of penicillin resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Change in the porin structure in outer cell wall impending access of penicillins to penicillin binding proteins

Inhibits renal tubular reabsorption of penicillin

Probenecid

DOC for Staphylococcal infections

Methicillin

Antimicrobial coverage of extended spectrum penicillins

HELPS kill Enterococci ``` Haemophilus influenzae Escherichia coli Listeria monocytogenes Proteus mirabilis Salmonella Enterococci ```

Drugs used for Pseudomonas, Klebsiella and Enterobacter

Piperacillin, Ticarcillin, Carbenicillin

Microbial coverage by first generation cephalosporins

Proteus mirabilis Escherichia coli Klebsiella pneumoniae

First generation cephalosporins

``` FADer help me FAZ my PHysician boards CeFADroxil CeFAZolim CePHalothin CePHapirin CePHradine CePHalexin ```

Microbial coverage of second generation cephalosporin

HENPEKS ``` Haemophilus influenzae Enterobacter aerogenes Neisseria spp. Proteus mirabilis Escherichia coli Klebsiella pneumoniae Serratia marcescens ```

Second generation cephalosporins

``` In a FAMily gathering, your FOXy cousin is wearing FUR and drinking TEa. CeFAMandole CeFOXitin CeFURoxime CefoTEtan FAC! LORA the PROfessional AZhOLE is till on the FONe CeFAClor LORAcarbef CefPROzil CefmetAZOLE CeFONicid ```

Antipseudomonal cephalosporins

Ceftazidime Cefoperazone Cefepime

Third generation cephalosporins

``` Cefetamet Cefpodoxin Cfoperazone Cefixime Ceftriaxone Ceftazidime Cefotaxime Ceftizoxime Ceftibuten ```

Fourth generation cephalosporin

Cefepime

Wide coverage against gram positive and gram negative bacteria and reserved for serious life-threatening infections

Carbapenems Imipenem, Ertapenem, Meropenem

DOC for Methillin Resistant Staph Aureus

Vancomycin

Bacterial protein synthesis inhibitors

``` buy AT 30, CELLS at 50 Aminoglycosides Tetracyclines Chloramphenicol Erythromycin Lincosamides Linezolid Streptogramins ```

Tetracycline with the broadest spectrum

Tigecycline

For anaerobic infections above the diaphragm

Clindamycin

For anaerobic infections below the diaphragm

Metronidazole

Killing action continues even when plasma levels have declined below measurable levels seen in aminoglycosides and fluroquinolones

Postantibiotic effect

Has the narrowest therapeutic index among aminoglycosides but least resistant

Amikacin

Are ineffective for anaerobes as they require oxygen for uptake

Aminoglycosides

Most vestibulotoxic and nephrotoxic aminoglycosides

Gentamicin and Tobramycin

Aminoglycoside used for hepatic encephalopathy

Neomycin

Most ototoxic aminoglycoside

Kanamycin

Used for drug resistant gonorrhea and for penicillin allergic gonorrhea patients

Spectinomycin

Most prone to develop resistance among antimycobacterial

Rifampicin

Used for stages of TB (active, latent, prophylaxis)

Isoniazid

Prophylaxis for meningococcal and staphylococcal carrier states

Rifampicin

Most hepatotoxic anti TB drug and also known as sterilizing agent

Pyrazinamide Hepatotoxicity: Isoniazid < Rifampicin < Pyrazinamide

DOC for leprosy

Dapsone

Drug used for disseminated and mucocutaneous candidiasis and salvage therapy for invasive aspergillos

Caspofungin

Drug used for CMV retinitis

Cifodovir, Foscarnet

Used for prevention of maternal-fetal HIV transmission

Zidovudine

DOC for influenza

Oseltamivir

DOC for pregnant patients with malaria

Quinine

DOC for prophylaxis for chloroquine-resistant areas

Mefloquine

Eradicates hypnozoites in the liver preventing malarial relapse

Primaquine

DOC for prophylaxis in multidrug-resistant areas

Doxycycline

DOC for asymptomatic cyst carriers of E histolytica

Diloxanide furoate

DOC for severe intestinal and extraintestinal amebiasis

Metronidazole

DOC for cryptosporidiosis

Nitazoxanide

DOC for prophylaxis and treatment of pneumocystosis

Co-trimoxazole

DOC for prophylaxis and treatment of toxoplasmosis

Pyrimethamine-Sulfadiazine

DOC for advanced West African sleeping sickness

Eflornithine

DOC for African sleeping sickness

Melarsoprol

DOC for Chagas disease

Nifurtimox

DOC for Leishmaniasis

Sodium stibogluconate

DOC for ascariasis, pinworm and whipworm infections

Mebendazole

DOC for hytatid disease

Albendazole

DOC for filariasis and eye worm disease (loa loa)

Diethylcarbamazine

DOC for onchocerciasis, cutaneous larva migrans and strongyloidiasis

Ivermectin

DOC for hookworm and roundworm infections

Pyrantel pamoate

DOC for trichinosis

Thiabendazole

DOC for trematodes and Taenia, Diphyllobothrium latum

Praziquantel

Cancer drug that acts on G2 phase

Bleomycin

Chemotherapeutic regimen for Hodgkin's Lymphoma

ABVD Adriamycin Bleomycin Vincristine Dacarbazine

Chemotherapeutic regimen for Non Hodgkin's Lymphoma

CHOP Cyclophosphamide Hydroxydoxorubicin Vincristine Prednisone

Drugs used for pancreatic cancer

Gemcitabine and Erlotinib

Used for advanced colon cancer

Oxaliplatin

Used for GIST

Imatinib

Used for metastatic breast cancer

Trastuzumab

DOC for Peptic ulcer disease

Proton pump inhibitors | Omeprazole, Lansoprazole, Esomeprazole

Treatment for carboxyhemoglobin

Hyperbaric oxygen

A bipyridyl herbicide used extensively to kill weeds on farms and for highway maintenance that causes GI irritation with hematemesis and bloody stools.

Paraquat

Associated with several cancers including lung cancer, mesothelioma, and cancers of the GI tract

Asbestos

Treatment of arsenic poisoning

Dimercaprol

Treatment of acute mercury poisoning

Oral succimer or IM dimercaprol

Treatment of chronic mercury poisoning

Succimer or unithiol Dimercaprol should not be used as can redistribute mercury to CNS

Treatment for iron poisoning

Deferoxamine

Treatment for Copper poisoning and Wilson's disease

Penicillamine

DOC for diabetic gastroparesis

Metoclopramide

DOC for acute management of lead poisoning

Dimercaprol with or without EDTA

What is the functional subunit of N/K/ATPase pump inhibited by cardiac glycosides?

Alpha subunit