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PATHOMORPHOLOGY > side by side - aneurysm > Flashcards

side by side - aneurysm Flashcards

1
Q

What does rupture of a berry aneurysm lead to?

A

stroke

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2
Q

Aortic aneurysm, ascending

A

Tertiary syphilis

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3
Q

Where do berry aneurysms occur?

A

At the bifurcations in the Circle of Willis

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4
Q

What is the most common complication of a berry aneurysm?

A

Rupture of the aneurysm

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5
Q

What is the most common site for a berry aneurysm?

A

The bifurcation of the anterior communicating artery

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6
Q

Worst headache of my life

A

Berry aneurysm - associated with adult polycystic kidney disease

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7
Q

Aneurysm, dissecting

A

HTN

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8
Q

How does syphilis change the aorta?

A

Causes dilation of the aorta and valve ring. Can result in aortic aneurysm or aortic valve incompetence

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9
Q

Anti-neutrophil antibodies (ANCAs)

A

Vasculitis

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10
Q

Vasculitis

A

Temporal arteritis (risk of ipsilateral blindness due to thrombosis of ophthalmic artery)

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11
Q

What is Wegner’s granulomatosis?

A

Focal necrotizing vasculitis and granulomas in the lung and upper airway with necrotizing glomerulonephritis

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12
Q

What is Buerger’s disease?

A

Known as smoker’s disease and thromboangitis obliterans; idiopathic, segmental, thrombosing vasculitis of intermediate and small peripheral arteries and veins.

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13
Q

What is temporal arteritis?

A

Vasculitis that affects medium and small arteries, usually branches of the carotid artery.

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14
Q

PR3-ANCA

A

Wegener granulomatosis

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15
Q

MPO- ANCA

A
  • microscopic polyangiitis

- Churg- Strauss syndrome

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16
Q

MPO- ANCA

A
  • Anti-myeloperoxidase
  • lysosome granule
  • (p-ANCA)
17
Q

PR3-ANCA

A
  • Antiproteinase-3
  • neutrophil azurophilic granules
  • (c- ANCA)
18
Q

What are the signs of polyarteritis nodosa?

A
  1. Cotton wool spots
  2. Microaneurysms
  3. Pericarditis
  4. Myocarditis
  5. Palpable purpura
  6. Elevated ESR
  7. P-ANCA positive serum
19
Q

What is an association of polyarteritis nodosa?

A

Hepatitis B infection (30% of patients)

20
Q

What is the treatment of polyarteritis nodosa?

A

Corticosteroids, azathioprine, and/or cyclophosphamide

21
Q

What is polyarteritis nodosa?

A

Necrotizing immune complex inflammation of small or medium-sized muscular arteries, typically involving renal or visceral vessels.

22
Q

Polyarteritis nodosa clinical:

A
  • malaise, fever, weight loss
  • hypertention due to renal artery involvement
  • abdominal pain and bloody stools caused by vascular gastrointestinal lesions
  • diffuse muscular aches and pains
  • peripheral neuritis
  • predominantly affecting motor nerves

PATHOMORPHOLOGY (6 decks)

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