Shunts and ABGs Flashcards
Types of ASDs
Secundum, primum, sinus venosus
Failure of septum primum to fuse with endocardial cushion results in what defect?
Primum ASD
What defect occurs in the region of the foremen ovale?
Secundum ASD
What defect occurs due to incomplete absorption of the sinus venosus into the RA?
Sinus venosus ASD
Superior type of sinus venosus ASD occurs where?
SVC & RA
Inferior type of sinus venosus ASD occurs where?
IVC and RA
Treatment for ASD?
Direct suture (small ASD)
Patch repair
Trans catheter repair (septal occluder)
Flap-like opening, normally closes at birth, tissue is not absent like in ASD
PFO
What is the preferred imaging to identify PFO
TEE bubble study
Symptoms of PFO?
Usually none; could have SOB, paradoxical embolus, TIA, MI, cryptogenic stroke
Tx for PFO?
-ASA & Coumadin
-Surgery (defect >25mm or percutaneous device failure)
-Percutaneous septal occluder (amplatzer or cardio seal)
Indications for treating PFO?
-Cryptogenic stroke/TIA
-migraines
-peripheral or coronary embolism
3 types of VSD
Membranous
Muscular
AV valves
Which VSD occurs in the upper section of the ventricular septum and is peri-membranous?
AV valves VSD
What VSD occurs in the lower section of the ventricular septum?
Muscular VSD
