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INV 200 > Cardiomyopathies & Pericardial Dz > Flashcards

Cardiomyopathies & Pericardial Dz Flashcards

1
Q

Thin heart wall
Big, baggy heart

A

Dilated cardiomyopathy

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2
Q

Increased JVP

A

Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

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3
Q

Physical exam reveals S3 heart sound

A

Dilated Cardiomyopathy

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4
Q

Physical exam reveals S4 heart sound

A

Restrictive Cardiomyopathy, HOCM

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5
Q

Physical exam reveals S4 with systolic ejection murmur

A

HOCM

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6
Q

Pericardial Friction rub

A

Acute Pericarditis

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7
Q

Chest x ray shows normal heart size

A

HOCM

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8
Q

Thick heart wall

A

HOCM

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9
Q

Stiff heart wall

A

Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

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10
Q

EKG shows diffuse ST elevation in most leads, often shows PR segment depression

A

Acute Pericarditis

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11
Q

Hypotension, tachycardia and tachypnea

A

Cardiac Tampenade

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12
Q

Brisk bifid carotid upstroke

A

HOCM

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13
Q

Chest x-ray shows bi-atrial enlargement

A

Restrictive cardiomyopathy

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14
Q

Exaggerated y descent

A

Constrictive pericarditis
Restrictive cardiomyopathy

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15
Q

Kussmaul’s sign

A

Constrictive pericarditis
&
Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

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16
Q

Systolic heart failure

A

Dilated Cardiomyopathy

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17
Q

Echo findings: increased septum to LV wall thickness 1.3:1

A

HOCM

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18
Q

Chest xray shows normal heart size with pulmonary congestion

A

Restrictive cardiomyopathy

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19
Q

Treatment includes rest, NSAIDS, ASA, and corticosteroids

A

Acute Pericarditis

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20
Q

Genetic abnormality of muscle cell proteins

A

HOCM

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21
Q

Speckled myocardial texture

A

Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

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22
Q

Echo findings: Free wall RA and RV collapse

A

Cardiac Tampenade

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23
Q

Treatment includes pericardial window or pericardiectomy

A

Pericardial Effusion

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24
Q

Small, quiet heart sound

A

Cardiac Tampenade

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25
CT scan or MRI superior to echo
Constrictive Pericarditis
26
Treatment includes diuretics, ACE inhibitors, Beta blockers, CCB, digoxin
Dilated Cardiomyopathy
27
EKG finding: electrical alternans
Cardiac tampenade
28
Elevated and equalized pressures
Constrictive pericarditis
29
Square root sign, pressures not equalized
Restrictive cardiomyopathy
30
Asymmetrically enlarged septum
HOCM
31
Causes: amylpoidosis, Sarcoidosis, Hemochromatosis
Restrictive Cardiomyopathy
32
EKG: abnormal, non specific
Dilated cardiomyopathy
33
Spike and dome (pulsus biferiens)
HOCM
34
Blunted y descent
Cardiac Tampenade
35
Atrial tracings show m or w pattern
Constrictive pericarditis
36
Brockenbrough's phenomenon
HOCM
37
EKG shows low voltage QRS
Restrictive cardiomyopathy
38
Signs and symptoms develop over months to years
Constrictive pericarditis
39
Myocardial disarray
HOCM
40
Echo findings: decreased EF and dilated chambers
Dilated cardiomyopathy
41
Diastolic heart failure:
Restrictive Cardiomyopathy HOCM Constrictive Pericarditis Cardiac Tampenade
42
Treatments include: Diuretics and ACE inhibitor
Restrictive Cardiomyopathy
43
Intermittent outflow obstruction
HOCM
44
What provocative measures can be used to identify HOCM
Valsalva, Amyl Nitrate, Standing from Squat
45
Normal EKG
HOCM
46
Chest xray finding: moderate to markedly enlarged heart
Cardiac Tampenade
47
Echo findings: Increased ventricular thickness, possible bi atrial enlargement
Restrictive cardiomyopathy
48
Causes include alcohol use, pregnancy, idiopathic, myocarditis
Dilated cardiomyopathy
49
Sudden cardiac death may occur
HOCM
50
Signs/Sxs may inclue rales, ewart's sign, muffled heart sound
Pericardial Effusion
51
Echo findings: Thick pericardium, small ventricles
Constrictive pericarditis
52
Brisk bifid carotid upstroke
HOCM
53
Chest X-ray shows cardiomegaly
Dilated cardiomyopathy
54
Treatment includes beta blockers, CCB, septal reduction
HOCM
55
Muffled heart sounds
Cardiac Tampenade
56
No diastolic pressure equality
Restrictive Cardiomyopathy
57
Symptoms include: dysphagia, hiccups, dyspnea with atelectasis
Pericardial Effusion
58
Signs/Sxs: Pleuritis and positional chest pain
Acute Pericarditis
59
Elevated end diastolic and systolic volumes
Dilated cardiomyopathy
60
Concordance
pressures of the LV and RV will decrease/increase together with inspiration
61
Discordance
dip in LV in diastolic pressure, RV Increases with inspiration
62
Treatment is pericardiocentesis
Cardiac Tampenade
63
Discordance would be seen in what disease?
Constrictive pericarditis
64
Dullness to percussion over left lower lung field
Ewarts sign
65
Normal amount of pericardial fluid
15-50mL

INV 200 (4 decks)

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