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INV 200 > Cardiomyopathies & Pericardial Dz > Flashcards

Cardiomyopathies & Pericardial Dz Flashcards

1
Q

Thin heart wall
Big, baggy heart

A

Dilated cardiomyopathy

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2
Q

Increased JVP

A

Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

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3
Q

Physical exam reveals S3 heart sound

A

Dilated Cardiomyopathy

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4
Q

Physical exam reveals S4 heart sound

A

Restrictive Cardiomyopathy, HOCM

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5
Q

Physical exam reveals S4 with systolic ejection murmur

A

HOCM

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6
Q

Pericardial Friction rub

A

Acute Pericarditis

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7
Q

Chest x ray shows normal heart size

A

HOCM

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8
Q

Thick heart wall

A

HOCM

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9
Q

Stiff heart wall

A

Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

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10
Q

EKG shows diffuse ST elevation in most leads, often shows PR segment depression

A

Acute Pericarditis

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11
Q

Hypotension, tachycardia and tachypnea

A

Cardiac Tampenade

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12
Q

Brisk bifid carotid upstroke

A

HOCM

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13
Q

Chest x-ray shows bi-atrial enlargement

A

Restrictive cardiomyopathy

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14
Q

Exaggerated y descent

A

Constrictive pericarditis
Restrictive cardiomyopathy

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15
Q

Kussmaul’s sign

A

Constrictive pericarditis
&
Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

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16
Q

Systolic heart failure

A

Dilated Cardiomyopathy

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17
Q

Echo findings: increased septum to LV wall thickness 1.3:1

A

HOCM

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18
Q

Chest xray shows normal heart size with pulmonary congestion

A

Restrictive cardiomyopathy

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19
Q

Treatment includes rest, NSAIDS, ASA, and corticosteroids

A

Acute Pericarditis

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20
Q

Genetic abnormality of muscle cell proteins

A

HOCM

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21
Q

Speckled myocardial texture

A

Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

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22
Q

Echo findings: Free wall RA and RV collapse

A

Cardiac Tampenade

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23
Q

Treatment includes pericardial window or pericardiectomy

A

Pericardial Effusion

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24
Q

Small, quiet heart sound

A

Cardiac Tampenade

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25
Q

CT scan or MRI superior to echo

A

Constrictive Pericarditis

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26
Q

Treatment includes diuretics, ACE inhibitors, Beta blockers, CCB, digoxin

A

Dilated Cardiomyopathy

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27
Q

EKG finding: electrical alternans

A

Cardiac tampenade

28
Q

Elevated and equalized pressures

A

Constrictive pericarditis

29
Q

Square root sign, pressures not equalized

A

Restrictive cardiomyopathy

30
Q

Asymmetrically enlarged septum

A

HOCM

31
Q

Causes: amylpoidosis, Sarcoidosis, Hemochromatosis

A

Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

32
Q

EKG: abnormal, non specific

A

Dilated cardiomyopathy

33
Q

Spike and dome (pulsus biferiens)

A

HOCM

34
Q

Blunted y descent

A

Cardiac Tampenade

35
Q

Atrial tracings show m or w pattern

A

Constrictive pericarditis

36
Q

Brockenbrough’s phenomenon

A

HOCM

37
Q

EKG shows low voltage QRS

A

Restrictive cardiomyopathy

38
Q

Signs and symptoms develop over months to years

A

Constrictive pericarditis

39
Q

Myocardial disarray

A

HOCM

40
Q

Echo findings: decreased EF and dilated chambers

A

Dilated cardiomyopathy

41
Q

Diastolic heart failure:

A

Restrictive Cardiomyopathy
HOCM
Constrictive Pericarditis
Cardiac Tampenade

42
Q

Treatments include: Diuretics and ACE inhibitor

A

Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

43
Q

Intermittent outflow obstruction

A

HOCM

44
Q

What provocative measures can be used to identify HOCM

A

Valsalva, Amyl Nitrate, Standing from Squat

45
Q

Normal EKG

A

HOCM

46
Q

Chest xray finding: moderate to markedly enlarged heart

A

Cardiac Tampenade

47
Q

Echo findings: Increased ventricular thickness, possible bi atrial enlargement

A

Restrictive cardiomyopathy

48
Q

Causes include alcohol use, pregnancy, idiopathic, myocarditis

A

Dilated cardiomyopathy

49
Q

Sudden cardiac death may occur

A

HOCM

50
Q

Signs/Sxs may inclue rales, ewart’s sign, muffled heart sound

A

Pericardial Effusion

51
Q

Echo findings: Thick pericardium, small ventricles

A

Constrictive pericarditis

52
Q

Brisk bifid carotid upstroke

A

HOCM

53
Q

Chest X-ray shows cardiomegaly

A

Dilated cardiomyopathy

54
Q

Treatment includes beta blockers, CCB, septal reduction

A

HOCM

55
Q

Muffled heart sounds

A

Cardiac Tampenade

56
Q

No diastolic pressure equality

A

Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

57
Q

Symptoms include: dysphagia, hiccups, dyspnea with atelectasis

A

Pericardial Effusion

58
Q

Signs/Sxs: Pleuritis and positional chest pain

A

Acute Pericarditis

59
Q

Elevated end diastolic and systolic volumes

A

Dilated cardiomyopathy

60
Q

Concordance

A

pressures of the LV and RV will decrease/increase together with inspiration

61
Q

Discordance

A

dip in LV in diastolic pressure, RV Increases with inspiration

62
Q

Treatment is pericardiocentesis

A

Cardiac Tampenade

63
Q

Discordance would be seen in what disease?

A

Constrictive pericarditis

64
Q

Dullness to percussion over left lower lung field

A

Ewarts sign

65
Q

Normal amount of pericardial fluid

A

15-50mL

INV 200 (4 decks)

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