Shuffled Questions Flashcards
What is the key to safe driving?
anticipation
How many markers are used when performing the serpentine course?
3
What action causes the apparatus with an automatic transmission to upshift near the governed speed of the engine?
fully depressing on the accelerator
Where should the lead vehicle pull over to when the fire chief’s vehicle needs to pass?
right
What is the recommended idle period before shutting down an apparatus after use?
3-5 minutes
What is the range of activation for traffic control systems that “hear” the siren of the responding apparatus?
up to 1/2 mile
What can be deemed less effective when the full spectrum of warning lights are left on at night once the apparatus has reached the scene?
Firefighter reflective clothing
What is the most likely location for a collision with an emergency vehicle to occur?
intersection
Which type of weight transfer tends to lead to skidding and/or rollover with a fire apparatus?
lateral
What represents the optimal stopping surface?
Flat, dry, paved road
What is the maximum speed allowed when loading fire hose while driving the apparatus?
5 mph
How far from the finish line must the D/O stop the apparatus when performing the diminishing clearance exercise?
6 inches
How far apart should the markers be placed when performing the serpentine course?
between 30-38 feet
What indicates what a private passenger vehicle must do when an emergency vehicle is approaching with lights and sirens on?
Pull to the right, stop and remain at a standstill
What is best to adjust before driving the apparatus?
Seat
Which rider is considered an exception to the rule that all protective gear must be donned before boarding the apparatus?
driver
Which type of homebuilt apparatus has a high incidence of serious collisions?
water tenders
Where should the engine be set to idle when being used for floodlight operations?
900-1100 RPM
Which situation would the brakes be used when the apparatus is equipped with engine brakes or retarding devices?
emergency stops
How much fuel per hour can be used when allowing an apparatus to idle?
1/2 gallon
What vehicle would have the shorter stopping distance?
empty water tanker
What is the simplest traffic control device used by firefighters?
traffic signal in front of the fire station
What is the first thing that should be done when starting the vehicle?
disconnect all ground shore lines
How much below the maximum recommended RPM should the apparatus be operated to prolong the engine’s life?
200-300
Which gear should the apparatus with an automatic transmission be started in?
neutral
Which lane should the apparatus remain in when traveling on a multilane roadway?
innermost
What should drivers realize about the right-of-way when responding to an incident?
they cannot demand it
What regulations applies to the emergency responder even when responding to an incident?
passing a school bus
What depth of snow would most likely render automatic snow chains ineffective?
10 inches
What is the maximum width of the space used to perform the confined space turnaround?
50 feet
How far apart as a minimum should two apparatus responding along the same route follow each other?
300-500 feet
Which system of the apparatus has the greatest incidence of collision resulting from poor maintenance?
braking
What percentage of all firefighter injuries and deaths in the US are shown to be from vehicle collisions?
20%
What is the first thing that needs to be done when an apparatus goes into a skid when not equipped with ABS?
release the brakes
Which color lights can be easily distinguished in the daylight hours?
white
When should the apparatus be shifted into a lower gear on sharp curves?
before entering the curve
At what speed do studies show that an emergency vehicle can outrun the effective range of its audible warning device?
55 mph
How many times per minute does the ABS on an apparatus evaluate the tires and brakes?
20
Which situation would be appropriate for the use of audible warning devices?
heavy traffic
How long after starting the apparatus should the oil pressure gauge indicate a reasonable amount of pressure?
5-10 seconds
What is the boundary line width when performing the alley dock exercise?
40 feet
Where are traffic control sensors located?
traffic light stands
What should be done when approaching an intersection where buildings block the driver’s view of oncoming traffic?
come to a complete stop
When should the clutch be disengaged while braking?
last few feet
How many right and left turns are required during the road test as a minimum according to NFPA 1002?
4
How many firefighters are preferred to be used as spotters when backing a fire apparatus?
2
What gear should be used when there is a need for speed control in a manual transmission apparatus?
2
How many batteries are most fire apparatus equipped with?
2
Which system of the apparatus has the greatest incidence of collision resulting from poor maintenance?
braking
Which exercise simulates maneuvering around parked and stopped vehicles?
serpentine course
Which gear should be used when operating an automatic transmission in heavy traffic?
3
What tests the driver’s ability to back the apparatus while turning?
alley dock
Which is the most ideal way to approach a hazardous materials incident scene?
uphill and upwind
Who should remain with the vehicle when in investigation mode?
the driver
What should never be done at a wildland fire operation?
leave the apparatus unattended
What is the first thing that needs to be done when placing the intake hose directly into the static water source?
Stop short of the source
What can be done to prevent potential kinks in the soft intake hose?
put twists in it
Which part of the apparatus should protect the firefighter from traffic?
tailboard
Where should pumpers providing water for elevated master stream operations be positioned?
close to the aerial apparatus
What is sometimes installed in rural areas at suitable drafting locations?
dry hyrdrants
How far apart as a maximum generally are two engines spaced apart during tandem pumping operations?
300 feet
What is NOT recommended when protecting a structure during a wildland fire situation?
park near or under trees
What is always the first tactical priority at any fire incident?
search/rescue (life safety)
Which type of operations are required when water will be supplied from a lake or pond?
drafting
How many sides of the incident scene should the command vehicle be able to view ideally?
2
Where is it best for the first arriving apparatus to stop when in investigation mode?
Near the best access point into the occupancy
Where should apparatus with air compressors be located?
upwind of the incident
What is the most common water supply source in most jurisdictions?
fire hydrants
Which other type of vehicle carries similar equipment as the aerial apparatus?
Rescue
How large is the collapse zone in relation to the height of the involved building?
1 1/2 times
What condition could cause the apparatus to sink into the ground when performing drafting operations?
unpaved road
Hose strainer
The strainer should be kept from resting on the bottom of the water source during drafting
Where should the pumper be stopped in relation to the hydrant when using a side intake connection?
just short
Who generally becomes the Staging Area Manager
Company Officer
What is the cutoff point for most fire departments when deciding to place the aerial apparatus inside or outside of the engine?
5 stories
Which type of EMS vehicle is capable of treating and transporting patients?
ambulance
Which are engine-driven appliances used to refill SCBA cylinders with atmospheric air?
breathing-air compressors
What does determining the proper positioning of the attack pumper begin with?
incident size up
What is the one exception to positioning an apparatus uphill from the incident?
wildland fire
In which zone are responders NOT required to wear protective clothing?
cold
What is a man-made barrier that prevents fire from surrounding and trapping the apparatus during wildland fire attack?
anchor point
What is the most logical location for EMS vehicles and personnel to be placed at an incident?
Rehab site
Where should the hoseline be run if it cannot be confirmed that the train traffic has been stopped?
Under the track
How far behind the shielding apparatus should additional apparatus be placed?
150-200 feet
How should engines be delivered to urban structures they are assigned to protect?
Backed in from last known turnaround
Which size hoseline allows for the greatest water supply?
3 inch
What is the preferred type of hose for connection to a fire hydrant?
Large diameter intake
Which level of staging is used when numerous emergency vehicles will be responding to the same incident?
Level II
Where should the rescue apparatus be positioned in case it is needed at another incident?
With a clear exit path
When should sirens be used when responding to an incident on the highway?
to clear slow traffic
How far from the incident scene should the apparatus stage when Level I staging is called for?
one block
How many lanes next to the incident on the highway should be closed as a minimum?
1
Where should pumpers be located when supplying water to the standpipe systems?
close to the standpipe FDC
What percentage of the calls that most fire departments respond to are emergency medical incidents?
60%
How long (in feet) are intake hose sections commonly?
10-50 feet
What angle should the vehicle be aimed when using a front or rear intake connection?
45 degrees
Where should the apparatus be positioned in relation to the building to be in the safest position in the event of a collapse?
corner
What should be done to protect the apparatus from falling debris if it is not possible to reposition?
cover with a salvage cover
How many large cylinders are typically carried in the cascade system?
4 to 12
What is a more common function of wildland fire apparatus?
structure protection
Where should the apparatus be positioned whenever possible?
upwind of the incident
What timeframe is used to determine the maximum daily consumption of water for an area?
3-year
What is any pressure less than atmospheric pressure called?
vacuum
What must be used in conjunction with a fog stream to ensure that steam burns do not occur?
ventilation
What is the most commonly used fire extinguishing agent?
water
Which piece of ice would absorb heat more quickly?
crushed pieces
What provides the water pressure when the primary water source is located at a higher elevation than the distribution system?
gravity flow
What does the fifth principle of pressure deal with?
density
What are the network of intermediate-sized pipes within the grid system?
secondary feeders
Which water supply system do most communities use?
combination
What can be done to reverse the adverse effects of encrustation and sedimentation?
flush hydrants periodically
What is the primary way that water extinguishes fire?
cooling
What pressure is required to reduce water’s volume by one percent?
30,000
What is generally accepted as the maximum size for hose that is used as handlines?
3-inch
What is the quantity of heat absorbed by a substance when it changes from a liquid to a vapor?
latent heat of vaporization
What are the large pipes found in the grid system?
primary feeders
Where must residual pressure be identified?
at the pressure reading location
When all other conditions are the same, what is friction loss said to be directly related to according to the first principle of friction loss?
length of hose
What can the firefighter reduce which will in turn reduce the friction loss?
amount of water flowing
What is the pressure in an open vessel proportional to according to the fourth principle of pressure?
depth
How many degrees (F) does 1 BTU raise the temperature of 1 pound of water (beginning at 60 degrees F)?
1
What does it mean if the threaded portion of the OS&Y valve is out of the yoke?
it is open
What determines if water will float on the surface of another liquid?
specific gravity
What is the normal daily consumption in relation to the average daily consumption of water?
1 1/2 times
What is the specific gravity value of most flammable liquids?
less than 1
What is considered standard atmospheric pressure?
14.7 psi
How many pounds does a 1-square inch column of water 1 foot high equal?
62.5
What is not generally seen as a purpose of the private water supply system?
To provide water strictly for human consumption.
What is the minimum number of directions a fire hydrant should be supplied from to reduce the amount of pressure loss?
2
How much does water at 212 degrees F expand from its original volume?
1700 times
Which principle is used in hydrostatic testing?
second
What is the minimum recommended size for fire hydrant supply mains in residential areas?
6 inches
What is the speed at which a fluid travels often referred to?
velocity
What should be the minimum number of primary feeders that should be run from the source of supply to the high-risk districts of the community to ensure sufficient water?
2
What condition occurs when water is abruptly turned off that can damage the pump, appliances, hose or the municipal water system?
water hammer
What is expressed as pounds per square inch?
pressure
How often should valves be operated each year?
once
Which type of pressure is exerted by a stream of water emerging from a discharge opening?
forward only
According to the third principle of pressure, how is pressure applied to a confined fluid from without transmitted?
equally in all directions
What would be the repercussions if water treatment facilities were not able to function properly?
reduction in water pressure
Friction loss in a system increases as:
the length of hose increases
How many BTUs are required to convert each pound of water to steam after it has reached its boiling point?
970
What is the most commonly used valve in the public water distribution system?
nonindicating
What is the part of the total pressure loss while forcing water through pipe, fittings, fire hose and adapters?
friction loss
In which state is water considered to be at its heaviest?
freezing
What is seen as a disadvantage to using water as an extinguishing agent?
It readily conducts electricity
How many different sources are most water systems supplied from?
1
Which type of system use one or more pumps that take water from the primary source and discharge it through the filtration and treatment process?
direct pumping
How many degrees does the valve disk in a butterfly valve rotate total from the fully open to tightly shut position?
90
What term in the fire service refers to the height of a water supply above the discharge orifice?
head
What nozzle creates a fan-shaped stream and is intended to protect combustible materials from the heat of an adjacent fire?
water curtain
What is the generally accepted maximum nozzle pressure for solid streams?
65 psi
Where is the ladder pipe generally attached when preplumbed?
end of the waterwar
How is the water curtain the most effective?
Flowing over the surface of the combustible material
Which type of monitor is permanently attached to the apparatus?
fixed
What is NOT considered a basic fire stream utilized by the FD?
Random
What in essence dampens the fire when a chimney nozzle is used?
steam
Which type of nozzle is designed to be placed on attack lines?
handline
Which time of nozzles are designed to flow a specific amount of water at a specific nozzle discharge pressure on all steam patterns?
constant flow
What pressure should the solid stream nozzles be operated at when used on the end of handlines?
50 psi
What part of the automatic nozzle moves automatically to maintain approximately the same nozzle pressure when the gallonage supplied to the automatic nozzle changes?
baffle
What is generally the safest maximum amount of water that can be flowed through a handline nozzle?
350 gpm
What nozzle pressure are most constant flow nozzles designed to operate at?
100 psi
How long is the piercing nozzle generally?
3 to 6 feet
What are the most commonly used variable flow nozzles in use today?
automatic
What is a master stream device used in conjunction with aerial ladders?
ladder pipe
What is a stream of water after it leaves a nozzle until it reaches the desired point?
fire stream
Which type of nozzle can be used to attack attic fires?
cellar
What is the constant amount that is used to determine the flow from a solid stream nozzle?
29.7
Which type of fog nozzle develops considerable forward velocity but delivers a relatively low volume of water?
high-pressure
Which direction can the ladder pipe be moved within?
vertical
How much water can the piercing nozzle generally deliver?
100 gpm
What is the line bounding a rounded surface?
periphery
What pressure are smoothbore master streams generally operated at?
80 psi
Which type of stream is created when water is forced through a series of small holes on the discharge end of the nozzle?
broken
What is the reach of the fog stream directly dependent upon?
width of the stream
Which nozzle pressures on the automatic nozzles are most commonly used in high-rise firefighting?
50 to 70 psi
What pressure should a solid stream master stream device be operated at?
80 psi
What type of heat is the water curtain nozzle effective against?
convected
What is the sum of the pump discharge pressure and the intake pressure correction?
net pump discharge pressure
What may be needed if there is not a provision in place for quick access through ice already in place?
cut a whole in the ice
What are man-made impoundments which are generally found on commercial properties with a dry hydrant in place?
ground reservoirs
What should be done if sinking begins to occur while the apparatus is effectively pumping water?
complete the operations
How high could a pump theoretically lift water at sea level?
33.8 feet
Where should the intake hose be brought through the ladder during drafting operations to limit the intake of silt of sand?
two rungs from the bottom
How much of the salvage cover should be left free to form a flap when creating a dam?
4 feet
What constant factor is used in the denominator when calculating pressure correction with the metric system?
0.1
What is a unique access problem for swimming pools?
fences for security
What is a preferable method for avoiding silt and debris?
install a dry hydrant
Where must the cistern be located to avoid the problem of freezing?
below the frost line
Where should the flap be stretched when creating a dam for drafting operations?
upstream
Where should the ladder be placed on the salvage cover when building a dam?
one of the long sides
How many primary types of static water supply sources may firefighters draw from if necessary?
2
What affects the height of possible lift?
atmospheric pressure
What are underground water storage receptacles usually found in areas that are not serviced by a hydrant system?
cisterns
What constant is used when calculating the adequacy of a small stream with the metric system?
1,000
What is the maximum lift in most circumstances?
25 feet
What is the elevation difference between the water source and the pump known as?
lift
What is a good rule of thumb when evaluating a pond’s capacity?
Every 1 foot of depth for an area of 1 acre provides 1,000 gpm
What is the minimum dependable lift that every pump in good repair be able to accomplish?
14.7 feet
How much water should be above and below a barrel-type strainer is a good rule of thumb as a minimum?
2 feet
What should be done when the inaccessible water source is the only one available?
perform a relay operation
Which two things are used to calculate the intake pressure correction?
Friction loss in the intake hose and height of the lift
What should the D/O be most concerned with during drafting operations?
dependable lift
Which water supply source should be evaluated closely for adequacy?
ponds
