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Pumping Apparatus D/O Handbook 2e > Ch. 7: Fire Hose Nozzles and Flow Rates > Flashcards

Ch. 7: Fire Hose Nozzles and Flow Rates Flashcards

1
Q

What can be defined as a stream of water or other extinguishing agent after it leaves a nozzle until it reaches the desired point?

A

a fire stream

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2
Q

What three basic types of fire streams does the fire service utilize?

A

solid, fog, broken

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3
Q

What is a fire stream produced from a fixed orifice, smoothbore nozzle?

A

a solid stream

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4
Q

What is designed so that the shape of the water in the nozzle is gradually reduced until it reaches a point a short distance from the outlet?

A

solid stream nozzles

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5
Q

What may be produced by deflection at the periphery or by impinging jets of water or by a combination of these?

A

a fog stream

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6
Q

What is directly dependent on the width of the stream, the size of the water droplets, wind, and the amount of water flowing?

A

the reach of the fog stream

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7
Q

What are designed to flow a specific amount of water at a specific nozzle discharge pressure on all stream patterns?

A

constant flow nozzles

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8
Q

What are designed to be placed on attack lines that can be easily maneuvered by firefighters?

A

handline nozzles

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9
Q

What is the maximum amount of water that can safely flow through a handline nozzle?

A

350 gpm

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10
Q

What is applied to any fire stream that is too large to be controlled without mechanical aid?

A

master stream

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11
Q

What doesn’t just deliver large volumes of water but also have a greater reach than handheld streams?

A

master streams

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12
Q

What are the three basic types of monitors?

A

fixed, portable, and combination

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13
Q

What allows the stream direction and angle to be changed while water is being discharged?

A

a monitor

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14
Q

What is mounted on a fire apparatus deck and is connected directly to the pump by permanent piping?

A

a turret pipe

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15
Q

What consists of a short length of large diameter hose with a large nozzle or large playpipe supported at the discharge end by a tripod?

A

deluge set

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16
Q

What are those large-capacity nozzles that are designed to be placed on the end of an aerial device?

A

elevated master stream

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17
Q

What is a master stream device used in conjunction with aerial ladders?

A

a ladder pipe

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18
Q

What is known as the counterforce as water is discharged from a nozzle at a given pressure, a force pushes back on the firefighters handling the hoseline?

A

nozzle reaction

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19
Q

The fire stream produced from a fixed orifice, smoothbore nozzle is known as a -

A

Solid stream

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20
Q

What determines the flow from a solid stream nozzle?

A
  • Nozzle pressure

- Size of the discharge opening

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21
Q

When solid streams are used as handlines they should be operated at which a the following nozzle pressures?

A

50 psi.

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22
Q

When solid streams are used as master streams they should be operated at which a the following nozzle pressures?

A

80 psi.

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23
Q

To strike or dash about or against, clashing with the sharp collision, or to come together with force; best describes which of the following?

A

Impinge.

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24
Q

The line bounding a rounded surface or the outward boundary of an object distinguish from its internal regions best describes which a the following?

A

Periphery.

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25
Q

A turning or state of being turned, a turning from a straight line or given course, or a bending or a deviation best describes which of the following?

A

Deflection.

26
Q

A fog stream nozzle that drives several jets of water together at a set angle to break the water up into finely divided particles is called a -

A

Impinging stream.

27
Q

__ are produced by deflecting water from the periphery to an inside circular stem in a periphery-deflected fog nozzle.

A

Periphery-deflected streams

28
Q

The reach of any fog stream is directly dependent on which of the following?

A
  • The width of the stream.
  • The size of the water droplets and the wind.
  • The volume of water flowing.
29
Q

Nozzles that are designed to flow a specific amount of water at a specific nozzle discharge pressure on all stream patterns are called -

A

Constant flow nozzles.

30
Q

Most constant flow nozzles are intended to be operated at a nozzle pressure of -

A

100 psi.

31
Q

A nozzle that has a number of constant flow settings, enabling the firefighter to select a flow rate that best suits the existing conditions is called -

A

Manually adjusted nozzles.

32
Q

Which of the following nozzles is also referred to as constant pressure nozzles?

A

Automatic nozzles.

33
Q

If the gallonage supplied to an automatic nozzle changes, the automatic nozzle -

A

Maintains approximately the same nozzle pressure and pattern.

34
Q

An automatic nozzle -

A

Will maintain a constant nozzle pressure of approximately 100 PSI, no matter how much the pump discharge pressure is delivering.

35
Q

High-pressure fog nozzles are designed to operate at pressures up to -

A

800 psi.

36
Q

High-pressure fog nozzles are best used for fighting which a the following types of fires?

A

Wildland fires

37
Q

High-pressure fog nozzles generally only flow -

A

8 to 15 gpm.

38
Q

What is the maximum amount of water that can be safely flowed through a handline nozzle?

A

350 gpm.

39
Q

Any fire stream that is too large to be controlled without mechanical aid is referred to as -

A

Masters streams.

40
Q

Solid master streams are usually operated at -

A

80 psi

41
Q

Fog master streams are usually operated at -

A

100 psi

42
Q

Master streams normally have a flow rate of -

A

350 gpm or greater.

43
Q

Master streams are normally used under all the following circumstances except for -

A

When water supplies are limited.

44
Q

Which of the following would constitute the basic categories of master stream devices?

A

(1) Monitor (2) Deluge set (3) Turret pipe (4) Elevated master stream

45
Q

A(n) __ consists of a short length of large diameter hose that has a large nozzle or large playpipe supported at the discharge end by a tripod.

A

Deluge set.

46
Q

A(n) __ is mounted on the fire apparatus deck and is connected directly to the pump by permanent pipe

A

Turret pipe.

47
Q

Monitors are often incorrectly referred to as deluge sets. Monitors differ from deluge sets in which of the following ways?

A

With monitors, stream direction and angle can be changed while water is being discharged.

48
Q

Which of the following would not be considered one of the three basic types of monitors?

A

Automatic.

49
Q

Which of the following types of master streams is often referred to as the deck gun or deck pipe?

A

Turret pipe.

50
Q

The Ladder Pipe would be considered which of the following types of masters streams?

A

Elevated master stream.

51
Q

What size diameter hose normally supplies ladder pipes?

A

3 inch.

52
Q

Ladder pipes can be controlled by firefighters at the tip of the ladder.

A

Also by using a rope from the ground.

53
Q

The movement of ladder pipes is limited to vertical up and down movements.

A

Moving the ladder pipe in a horizontal way can place dangerous stress on the aerial ladder.

54
Q

Cellar nozzles, water-curtain nozzles, piercing nozzles, and chimney nozzles are all considered

A

Broken stream nozzles.

55
Q

Also known as distributors, this nozzle can be lowered through holes or through some other suitable opening.

A

Cellar nozzle.

56
Q

Which of the following nozzles is often used to protect exposures?

A

Water curtain nozzle.

57
Q

Chimney nozzles have a normal operating pressure of -

A

100 psi.

58
Q

Chimney nozzles will deliver __ in a very fine, misty fog cone.

A

1.5 - 3 gpm

59
Q

Piercing nozzles are capable of delivering __ of water.

A

100 gpm.

60
Q

As firefighters discharge water from the nozzle at a given pressure, a force pushes back upon the firefighters who are handling the hoseline. This counterforce is known as -

A

Nozzle reaction.

61
Q

According to IFSTA, tests have revealed that the practical working limits for velocity of fire streams are within __ feet per second.

A

60 - 120.

62
Q

When it comes to approximating the Nozzle Reaction (NR) on the fireground of a solid stream, the rule-of-thumb is to use the following formula -

A

NR = Nozzle Reaction Q = Total Flow Through Nozzle NP = Nozzle Pressure

NR = Q/3

Pumping Apparatus D/O Handbook 2e (6 decks)

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