SHRM: Workplace (Ignite HR 2022) Flashcards
ADA Amendments Act (ADAAA)
Amendments to US Americans with Disabilities Act covering the definition of individuals regarded as having a disability, mitigating measures, and other rules to guide the analysis of what constitutes a disability.
Adverse Impact
Type of discrimination that results when a policy that appears to be neutral has a discriminatory effect; also known as disparate impact.
Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA)
US act that prohibits discrimination in the workplace on the basis of age.
Americans with Disabilities Act
US act that prohibits discrimination against a qualified individual with a disability because of his/her disability.
Annualized Loss Expectancy (ALE)
Expected monetary loss for an asset due to a risk over a one-year period; calculated by multiplying single loss expectancy by annualized rate of occurrence.
Assignees
Employees who work outside their home countries.
Bona Fide Occupational Qualifications (BFOQ)
Factor (such as religion, gender, national origin, etc) that is reasonably necessary, in the normal operations of an organization, to carry out a particular job function.
Burlington Industries, Inc vs Ellerth
US court ruling that distinguished between supervisor harassment that results in tangible employment action and supervisor harassment that does not.
Civil Rights Act of 1964
First comprehensive US law making it unlawful to discriminate on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.
Civil Rights Act of 1991
US act that expands the possible damage awards available to victims of intentional discrimination to include compensatory and punitive damages; gives plaintiffs in cases of alleged discrimination the right to a jury trial.
Comparable Worth
A concept that jobs filled primarily by women that require skills, effort, responsibility, and working conditions comparable to similar jobs filled primarily by men should have the same classifications and salaries.
Compliance
State of being in accordance with all national, federal, regional, and/or local laws, regulations, and/or other government authority requirements applicable to the places in which an organization operates.
Conflict of Interest
The situation in which a person or organization may potentially benefit from undue influence due to involvement in outside activities, relationships, or investments that conflict with or have an impact on the employment relationship or its outcomes.
Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (COBRA)
US act that provides individuals and dependents who may lose health-care coverage with the opportunity to pay to continue coverage.
Contingency Plan
A protocol that an organization implements when an identified risk event occurs.
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
Varying ways an organization can create value, looking beyond traditional profit measures of revenue and expenses; includes such areas as philanthropy, volunteerism, corporate-sponsored community programs, social change, sustainability, corporate governance, employee rights, and workplace safety.
Davis-Bacon Act
US Act that requires certain contractors and subcontractors to pay laborers and mechanics no less than the locally prevailing wages and fringe benefits for corresponding work on federal contracts.
Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA)
US act that defined marriage as the union of one man and one woman and permitted states to not recognize same-sex marriages recognized by other states; ruled unconstitutional by the US Supreme Court.
Disability
Physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one’s major life activities.
Disparate Impact
Type of discrimination that results when a policy that appears to be neutral has a discriminatory effect; also known as adverse impact.
Disparate Treatment
Type of discrimination that occurs when an applicant or employee is treated differently because of his or her membership in a protected class.
Drug-Free Workplace Act
US law that requires federal contractors with contracts of $100,000 or more as well as recipients of grants from the federal government to certify that they are maintaining a drug-free workplace.
Duty of Care
The principle that organizations should take all steps that are reasonably possible to ensure the health, safety, and well-being of employees and protect them from foreseeable injury.
Electronic Communications Privacy Act
US act that made it unlawful to intercept messages in transmission, access stored information on electronic communication services, or disclose any of this information.
Employee Polygraph Protection Act (EPPA)
US act that prevents private employers from requiring applicants or employees to take a polygraph test for pre-employment screening or during the course of employment, with certain exceptions.
Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA)
US act that established uniform minimum standards to ensure that employee benefit and pension plans are set up and maintained in a fair and financially sound manner.
Employees
Individuals who exchange work for wages or salary; in the US, workers who are covered by Fair Labor Standards Act regulations as determined by the IRS.
Employment At-Will
Principle of employment in the US that employers have the right to hire, fire, demote, and promote whomever they choose for any reason unless there is a law or contract to the contrary and that employees have the right to quit a job at any time.
Employment Practices Liability Insurance (EPLI)
Type of liability insurance covering an organization against claims by employees, former employees, and employment candidates alleging that their legal rights in the employment relationship have been violated.
Equal Employment Opportunity Act
US act that amended Title VII and gave the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission authority to “back up” its administrative findings and conduct its own enforcement litigation.
Equal Pay Act (EPA)
US act that prohibits wage discrimination by requiring equal pay for equal or “substantially equal” work performed by men and women.
Essential Functions
Primary job duties that a qualified individual must be able to perform, either with or without accommodation.
Ethics
Set of behavioral guidelines that an organization expects all of its directors, managers, and employees to follow to ensure appropriate moral and ethical business standards.
Executive Orders 13672
Amends Executive Orders 11478 and 11246 to include gender identity and sexual orientation.
Exempt Employees
Employees who are excluded from US Fair Labor Standards Act minimum wage and overtime pay requirements.
Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act (FACT Act)
US act that frees employers who use third parties to conduct workplace investigations from the consent and disclosure requirements of the Fair Credit Reporting Act in certain cases.
Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA)
US act that protects the privacy of background information and ensures that information supplied is accurate.
Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA)
US act that provides employees with up to 12 weeks of unpaid leave to care for family members or because of a serious health condition of the employee.
Faragher vs. City of Boca Raton
US court ruling that distinguished between supervisor harassment that results in tangible employment action and supervisor harassment that does not.
Gender Identity
Refers to one’s internal, personal sense of being a man or a woman (or boy or girl), which may or may not be the same as one’s sexual assignment at birth.
General Duty Clause
Statement in US Occupational Safety and Health Act that requires employers subject to the act to provide employees with a safe and healthy work environment.
Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA)
US act that prohibits discrimination against individuals on the basis of their genetic information in both employment and health insurance.
Global Integration (GI)
Globalization strategy that emphasizes consistency of approach, standardization of processes, and a common corporate culture across global operations.
Globalization
Status of growing interconnectedness and interdependency among countries, people, markets, and organizations worldwide.
Governance
System of rules and processes set up by an organization to ensure its compliance with local and internal laws, accounting rules, ethical norms, internal codes of conduct, and other standards.
