Shoulder n Arm

Question 1

Bones in this region and joints between them:

Answer 1

The Humerus - glenohumeral joint - the Scapula - acromioclavicular joint - the Clavicle

Question 2

Anterior pectoral girdle muscles (x4)

Answer 2

Pectoralis Major - PA: medial third of the clavicle, the sternum and the costal cartiliges / DA: lateral lip of the intertubuclar sulcus (groove)
Pectoralis Minor - corocoid process of the scapula to costochondral joints
Subclavius - clavicle to first costochondral joint
Serratus Anterior - medial border of scapula to anterior attachment of the ribs / supplied by the long thoracic nerve

Question 3

Posterior pectoral girdle muscles (x4)

Answer 3

Trapezius - cranial nerve XI, major action on scapula
Latissimus dorsi - thoracodosal nerve, extends, abducts, rotates the humerus, pulling up n rowing
Levator Scapulae - dorsal scapula nerves C3 C4 etc, elevates and rotate the scapula
Rhomboids - dorsal scapular nerve, retracts, rotates and fixes the scapula

Question 4

Intrinsic Shoulder Muscles (x4)

Answer 4

Deltoid - axillary, abducts arm
Terres Major - lower subscapular nerve, abducts and medially rotates arm
Rotator Cuff Muscles (x4)

Question 5

Rotator Cuff Muscles (x4)

Answer 5

Supraspinatus - initiating abduction (first 15 degrees)
Infraspinatus
teres minor
subscapularis
- fixes head of humerus in glenoid fossa

Question 6

Anterior Compartment of the Arm (x3)

Answer 6

all supplied by musculocutaneous nerve
Biceps brachii - short head = supraglenoid tubercle of scapula, long head = transverse humeral ligament, other side = radial tuberosity
coracobrachialis - coracoid process of the scapula, shaft of humerus
brachialis - shaft of humerus, coronoid process of the ulna

Question 7

Posterior Compartment of the Arm (x2)

Answer 7

supplied by radial nerve
Triceps brachii - infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula, olecranon process of the ulna
Anconeus - lateral epicondyle of the humerus, olecranon process of the ulna

Question 8

Joints: (x6)

Answer 8

Sterno-clavicular joint
acromio-clavicular joint
gleno-humoral joint (shoulder)
Scapulo-thoracic joint (virtual joint of shoulder)
elbow

Question 9

Pectoral Girdle=

Answer 9

SCJ + ACJ + GHJ + STJ

Question 10

GHJ type

Answer 10

ball and socket joint

muscles required for stability

Question 11

Rotator cuff and shoulder joint fxn

Answer 11

hold humoral head in the glenoid

rotator cuff depresses the humeral head

Question 12

axilla shape

Answer 12

pyramid

Question 13

What does the axilla contain ? x4

Answer 13

Arteries
Veins
lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes
nerves

Question 14

order of arteries?

Answer 14

Subclavian -> 
 ( over first rib) axillary -> 
(@ lower border of teres major) brachial artery ->
2 branches:
profunda brachii
\+ 
@ the elbow divides into:
Ulnar and radial arteries

Question 15

pattern of venous return in limbs?

Answer 15

superficial + deep

Question 16

order of veins?

Answer 16

Cephalic (s) up lateral border of the arm
Basilic (S) up medial border of the arm
Basilic + venae comitantes = axillary vein
Cephalic + axiliary = subclavian @ level of first rib

Question 17

pattern of lymphatic drainage?

Answer 17

superficial + deep along veins

Question 18

Lymph nodes of the area? x5

Answer 18

Cubital
delto-pectoral
axillary (breast cancer implications)
Subclavian lymph trunk
along long thoracic nerve + thoraco-dorsal nerve

Question 19

Nerve distribution?

Answer 19

From brachial plexus

Question 20

Size of the nerves: x5

Answer 20

Axillary C5,6
Muscocutaneous C5,6,7
ulnar C8, T1
median C6,7,8, T1
radial C5,6,7,8 T1