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Anatomy: Limbs > elbow // forearm // wrist > Flashcards

elbow // forearm // wrist Flashcards

1
Q

carrying angle for m and f?

A

m - 10-15 degrees

f - >15 degrees

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2
Q

Wrist and distal ulnar-radial joint articulation

A

radius articulates to carpal bones

ulnar articulates indirectly via articular disc (attched to styloid process) to triquetrum

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3
Q

movement of elbow joints?

A

flexion and extension

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4
Q

which muscles cause flexion of elbow joint?

A

brachialis
biceps
brachioradialis
pronater teres

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5
Q

which muscles cause extension of elbow joint?

A

triceps

anconeus

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6
Q

movement of the radial-ulnar joints?

A

supination + pronation

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7
Q

which muscles cause supination of the radial-ulnar joints?

A

Supinator
biceps
EPL
ECRL

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8
Q

which muscles cause pronation of the radial-ulnar joints?

A 
pronator quadratus
pronator teres
FC
PL
brachioradialis
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9
Q

movements of the wrist joint

A

extension
flexion
abduction
adduction

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10
Q

which muscles cause extension of the wrist joint?

A

ECU
ECRL
ECRB

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11
Q

which muscles cause flexion of the wrist joint?

A

FCU

FCR

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12
Q

which muscles cause abduction of the wrist joint?

A

FCR
ECRL
ECRB

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13
Q

which muscles cause adduction of the wrist joint?

A

FCU

ECU

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14
Q

Arteries of the area, in order:

A 
brachial->
radial (lateral
\+ 
ulnar (medial) ->
common interosseus -> anterior + posterior (pierces interossesous membrane and goes behind)
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15
Q

what is the cubital fossa?

A

the space anterior to the elbow joint

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16
Q

important hings in the cubital fossa

A

brachial artery
median nerve
veins

17
Q

types of venous return

A

superficial deep

18
Q

superficial veins of the area, in order:

A 
cephalic vein (lateral)
basilic vein (medial)
median cubital vein (taking blood) -> not always present
19
Q

deep veins of the area in order:

A

follow arteries + venae comitantes

posterior interossesous veins

20
Q

lymph drainage in the area

A

superficial and deep
larger run w veins

cubital lymph nodes
axillary nodes - drain distal parts of upper limb too

21
Q

Nerves in the arm:

A

muscolocutaneous - anterior compartment+ sensory part of lateral forearm (lateral cutaneous nerve)
ulnar - via posterior component (behind medial epicondryle) - Flexor carpi ulnaris + flexor digitorum profundus + intrinsic muscles of the hand
medial - supplies forearm muscles + some hand
radial - all of the posterior muscles in arm n forearm + cuteanous innervation

22
Q

the carpal bones:

A

proximal : scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform

distal: trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate,

23
Q

what happens at epicondyles of humerus?

A

attachment of forearm muscles

24
Q

what happens at the condyle of humers:

A

capitulum ( radius) + trochlea (ulnar)

25
Q

what happens at the styloid process of the ulnar + radius?

A

articulates w proximal row of carpal bones

26
Q

what is the interossesous membrane?

A

separates the anterior and posterior compartments of hte arm

site of attachment for muscles in the forearm

27
Q

details on the pisiform bone?

A

not involved w artiulcation w the

sesamoid bone = embedded in tissue

28
Q

which muscles in the anterior compartment of the arm act over the elbow?

A

biceps - 2 heads merge to form tendon w two attachments, radial tuberosity + aponeurosis that merges w the fascia
brachialis - attachment to coronoid process of the ulnar.
(musculocutanous nerve)

29
Q

which muscles in the posterior compartment of the arm act over the elbow?

A

triceps - 3 heads untie to form distal tendon that cross elbow joint = extension
aconeuous = stabilisation

30
Q

Division of the anterior compartment of the FOREARM?

A

superficial and deep

31
Q

muscles in superficial anterior compartment of the forearm: (x5)

A 
Pronator Teres (PT)
Flexor Carpi Radialis FCR
Palmaris Longus PL
Flexor digitorum superficialis FDS
flexor carpi ulnaris FCU
32
Q

muscles in deep anterior compartment of the forearm: (x3)

A 
flexor digitorum profundus (FDP)
flexor pollicis longus (FPL)
pronator quadratus (PQ)
33
Q

Where do superficial anterior compartment muscles originate?

A

common flexor tendon attaches to median epicondyle = common flexor attachment:
Pronator Teres (PT)
Flexor Carpi Radialis FCR
Palmaris Longus PL
flexor carpi ulnaris FCU
Flexor digitorum superficialis FDS
+ attachments on the shafts of bone + interosseous membrane

34
Q

Fascia in the region:

A 
palmaris longis (can be absent) leads to ->
palmar fascia
flexor retinaculum (band of tissue that binds the tendons)
35
Q 
terminology
flexor =
extensor = 
carpi =
radialis =
ulnaris=
groups of digits=
digitorum
individual digits=
pollicis
indicis
digiti minimi

superficialis
profundus
longus
brevis

A 
anterior
posterior
wrist
acts on radial side
acts on ulnar side

4 fingers

thumb
index
little finger

superficial
deep
long
short

36
Q

anatomical snuff box boundaries:

A

EPL tendon
EPB tendon
APL

37
Q

importance of snuff box

A

branch of radial artery

palpate scaphoid - recurrent blood supply (from distal part of the bone)

38
Q

joints in the region (4)

A

elbow
proximal radio-ulnar
distal radio-ulnar
wrist

39
Q

Elbow joint made up off…

A

captiulum of humerus - radius

trochlea of humerus - ulnar

Anatomy: Limbs (2 decks)

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