Shoulder Myology

Question 1

posterior axioappendicular muscles

Answer 1

trapezius
latissimus dorsi
levator
scapulae
rhomboids

Question 2

name of the extrinsic shoulder muscles

Answer 2

posterior axioappendicular muscles

Question 3

scapulohumeral muscles

Answer 3

deltoid
teres major
rotator cuff (supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis)

Question 4

name of intrinsic shoulder muscles

Answer 4

scapulohumeral muscles

Question 5

anterior axioappendicular muscles

Answer 5

pectoralis major
pectoralis minor
serratus anterior
subclavius

Question 6

extrinsic muscles

Answer 6

group of muscles located superficially on a given structure

Question 7

intrinsic muscles

Answer 7

group of muscles located deep on a given structure in relation to more superficial muscles

Question 8

synergists

Answer 8

muscles that assist the prime mover

Question 9

glenohumeral flexors

Answer 9

anterior deltoid
pectoralis major
biceps brachii
coracobrachialis

Question 10

glenohumeral extensors

Answer 10

posterior deltoid
latissimus dorsi
teres major
triceps brachii

Question 11

glenohumeral horizontal abduction

Answer 11

posterior deltoid

Question 12

glenohumeral horizontal adduction

Answer 12

anterior deltoid

pectoralis major

Question 13

glenohumeral abduction

Answer 13

deltoid

supraspinatus

Question 14

glenohumeral adduction

Answer 14

latissimus dorsi
teres major
infraspinatus
teres minor
pectoralis major
triceps brachii
coracobrachialis

Question 15

glenohumeral lateral rotation (external rotation)

Answer 15

posterior deltoid
infraspinatus
teres minor

Question 16

glenohumeral medial rotation (internal rotation)

Answer 16

anterior deltoid
latissmus dorsi
teres major
subscapularis
pectoralis major

Question 17

scapulothoracic depression

Answer 17

lower trapezius
fixed serratus anterior
pectoralis minor

Question 18

scapulothoracic elevation

Answer 18

upper trapezius
rhomboid major
rhomboid minor
unilateral levator scapula

Question 19

scapulothoracic adduction (retraction)

Answer 19

mid trapezius
rhomboid major
rhomboid minor

Question 20

scapulothoracic abduction (protraction)

Answer 20

fixed serratus anterior

pectoralis minor

Question 21

scapulothoracic upward rotation

Answer 21

upper and lower trapezius

fixed serratus anterior

Question 22

scapulothoracic downward rotation

Answer 22

rhomboid major
rhomboid minor
levator scapula
pectoralis minor

Question 23

supraspinatus action

Answer 23

rotator cuff muscle that functions to assist in glenohumeral abduction

Question 24

supraspinatus origin

Answer 24

supraspinous fossa of the scapula

Question 25

supraspinatus insertion

Answer 25

greater tubercle of the humerus

Question 26

supraspinatus innervation

Answer 26

C4, C5, C6

Question 27

infraspinatus action

Answer 27

rotator cuff muscle that functions to laterally (externally) rotate the glenohumeral joint, assists in shoulder adduction, and stabilizes the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity

Question 28

infraspinatus origin

Answer 28

infraspinous fossa of the scapula

Question 29

infraspinatus insertion

Answer 29

greater tubercle of the humerus

Question 30

infraspinatus innervation

Answer 30

C4, 5, 6

Question 31

teres minor

Answer 31

rotator cuff muscles that functions to laterally (externally) rotate the glenohumeral joint, assist in adduction and stabilize the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity

Question 32

teres minor origin

Answer 32

upper tow-thirds of lateral border of the scapula

Question 33

teres minor insertion

Answer 33

greater tubercle of the humerus

Question 34

teres minor axillary

Answer 34

C5, 6

Question 35

subscapularis

Answer 35

rotator cuff muscle that functions to medially (internally) rotate the glenohumeral joint and stabilize the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity

Question 36

subscapularis origin

Answer 36

subscapular fossa of the scapula

Question 37

subscapularis insertion

Answer 37

lesser tubercle of the humerus

Question 38

subscapularis innervation

Answer 38

C5, 6, 7

Question 39

synovial joints

Answer 39

type of joint where bones share an enclosed articular capsule which connects bones which do not touch. (e.g. sternoclavicular, shoulder, elbow, hip, knee, proximal tibiofibular, etc...)

Question 40

fibrous joints

Answer 40

joints bound with dense fibrous connective tissue (e.g. cranial sutures, distal tibiofibular joint, cuboideonavicular)

Question 41

cartilaginous (costochondral) joints

Answer 41

joints joined by cartilage; two types, primary - synchondrosis (hyaline cartilage), and secondary - symphysis (hyaline cartilage covers bone, but fibrocartilage connects them)

Question 42

synarthrosis (movement)

Answer 42

little/no mobility

Question 43

amphiarthrosis (movement)

Answer 43

slight mobility

Question 44

diarthrosis (movement)

Answer 44

freely moveable

Question 45

uniaxial

Answer 45

mvmt back and forth along single axis

Question 46

biaxial

Answer 46

mvmt along 2 axes

Question 47

polyaxial

Answer 47

mvmt through all 3 axes

Question 48

scapulothoracic movements

Answer 48

elevation & depression protraction & retraction upward & downward rotation

Question 49

scaption/scapular plane elevation

Answer 49

characterized by clavicle deviation ~20 degrees posterior to frontal plane, scapular deviation ~35 degrees anterior to frontal plane, and retroversion of humeral head ~30 degrees posterior to m/l axis at elbow