Shoulder (joints and bones)

Question 1

axial skeleton

Answer 1

skull, vertebral column, ribs and sternum

Question 2

appendicular skeleton

Answer 2

upper and lower extremity bones, including pectoral and pelvic girdles

Question 3

pectoral girdle

Answer 3

includes scapula and clavicle

Question 4

synovial joints

Answer 4

articulation of two bony surfaces covered in hyaline cartilage

Question 5

synovial membrane

Answer 5

surrounds but does not cover the hysaline cartilage in a synovial joint

Question 6

synovial fluid

Answer 6

for lubrication and nourishment of synovial joints; secreted by synovial membrane

Question 7

joint capsule

Answer 7

encapsulation of synovial joint space by tough fibrous connective tissues

Question 8

clavicle

Answer 8

S-shaped bone that articulates with sternum proximally and scapula distally

Question 9

acromion

Answer 9

bony process that projects anteriorly from the scapula

Question 10

coracoid process

Answer 10

bony process that projects anteriorly from the scapula

Question 11

glenoid cavity

Answer 11

hyaline lined depression in scapula; site of glenohumeral joint

Question 12

Humerus

Answer 12

only bone of anatomical arm

Question 13

Anatomical neck

Answer 13

junction b/t articular surface of humeral head (covered by hyaline cartilage) and bone of humeral head

Question 14

Surgical neck

Answer 14

location on the humerus where the head narrows down into the shaft; common location for fracture

Question 15

Deltoid tuberosity

Answer 15

Protuberance on lateral aspect of shaft of humerus, located midway on shaft; Insertion of deltoid

Question 16

Greater tubercle

Answer 16

bump at lateral edge of humerus head

Question 17

Lesser tubercle

Answer 17

bump at anterior endge of humerus head

Question 18

sternoclavicular joint

Answer 18

only bony articulartion b/t upper extremities and axial skeleton; synovial joint b/t medial end of clavicle and manubrium of sternum; attaches pectoral girdle to axial skeleton

Question 19

intertubercular groove

Answer 19

groove b/t greater and lesser tubercles of humerus; “bicipital grove”

Question 20

acromioclavicular joint

Answer 20

synovial joint b/t lateral end of clavicle and acromion of the scapula; “AC joint”; limited motion

Question 21

glenohumeral joint

Answer 21

synovial joint b/t head of humerus and glenoid cavity of scapula; “shoulder joint”; ball and socket type, allows movement in numerous directions

Question 22

glenoid labrum

Answer 22

a ring of fibrocartilage along edge of glenoid cavity; serves to deepen glenoid fossa

Question 23

deltoid tuberosity

Answer 23

protuberance on lateral aspect of shaft of humerus - located midway on shaft. Insertion site of deltoid muscle

Question 24

rotator cuff

Answer 24

supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis

Question 25

quadrangular space

Answer 25

space bordered by teres minor, teres major, long head of triceps and shaft of humerus; contains axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral vessels PIC

Question 26

triangular space

Answer 26

Space bordered by teres minor, teres major, long head of triceps; contains circumflex scapular vessels

Question 27

triangular interval

Answer 27

space formed by teres major, long head of triceps, shaft of humerus; contains radial nerve and deep brachial nerve

Question 28

Winging of scapula

Answer 28

caused by injury to long thoracic nerve that innervates serratus anterior muscle –> winging of medial border and inferior angle of scapula

Question 29

Deltopectoral groove

Answer 29

clavi-deltopectoral triangle; between medial border of anterior deltoid and lateral edge of pectoralis major; contains cephalic vein

Question 30

cephalic vein

Answer 30

major route for blood returning to heart from upper extremities; lies within deltopectoral groove

Question 31

collateral circulation

Answer 31

structure or region where arterial blood can reach it via multiple roots; common arrangement around joints