Shoulder joints

Question 1

glenohumeral joint

Answer 1

• synovial, multiaxial, ball and socket

- articular surfaces: glenoid fossa + glenoid labrum, humeral head

Question 2

glenohumeral joint ligaments

Answer 2

Glenohumeral ligament: 
- capsular
- split into three: superior (prevents lateral disloc), middle (limits ext rotation), inferior (prevents anterior disloc)
coracoacromial lig: 
- extracapsular 
- prevents sup disloc
coracohumeral lig: 
- capsular + extracapsular 
- prevents lateral disloc
transverse humeral lig: 
- capsular

Question 3

sternoclavicular joint

Answer 3

• synovial, multiaxial, plane

- 2 sep parts (intra-articular disc = divides joint cavity into medial + lateral compartments)

Question 4

sternoclavicular joint ligaments

Answer 4

Anterior sternoclavicular ligament
- Capsular 
- Limits retraction 
Costoclavicular ligament (ribs) 
- Extracapsular
- Bilaminar (has two layers)
- Prevents superior disloc of clavicle
- Limits protraction + retraction
Posterior sternoclavicular ligament
- Capsular
- Limits protraction
Interclavicular ligament 
- Extracapsular
- Limits retraction

Question 5

acromioclavicular joint

Answer 5

• synovial, multiaxial, plane

- loose joint capsule

Question 6

acromioclavicular joint ligaments

Answer 6

Conoid ligament + Trapezoid ligament = coracoclavicular ligament
Conoid part:
- Extracapsular
- Vertical, posteromedial
- Prevents superior dislocation of clavicle
- Limits protraction of scapula
- Produces (posterior) axial rotation of clavicle = INCREDIBLY IMPORTANT = facilitates movt
Trapezoid part:
- Extracapsular
- Oblique
- Limits retraction of scapula
- Prevents superior + lateral dislocation of clavicle
Acromioclavicular ligament