Shoulder Girdle Flashcards
what is consider the shoulder joint
head of humerus and glenoid cavity of scapula
the shoulder girdle consist of
scapula and clavicle
Is the humerus part of the shoulder girdle?
no
AC joint
acromioclavicular joint
SC joint
articulation of the medial end of clavicle with sternum
what type of bone is the scapula
flat bone
name the 2 extremity of the of the clavicle?
acromial and sternal
the clavicle is just above which rib?
the first
anterior aspect of scapula
costal surface
deep depression on the superior border
scapular notch
large protrusion on dorsal surface
spine
lateral extension of scapular spine
acromion
large fossa at lateral angle
glenoid cavity
extends from superior angle to coracoid process
superior border
the junction of the medial and superior borders
superior angle
large depression on costal surface
subscapular fossa
the junction of medial and lateral borders
inferior angle
area above the scapular spine on dorsal surface
supraspinous fossa
large broad area below the spine on dorsal surface
infraspinous fossa
extends from the glenoid cavity to the inferior angle
lateral border
extends from the superior angle to the inferior angle
medial border
slender, finger-like projection extending anteriorly and laterally from near the lateral angle
coracoid process
IR size for shoulder projection
10x 12
Essential projections of the shoulder
AP-Internal, external, neutral
AP Oblique (Grashey Method)
Transthoracic lateral (Lawrence Method)
Inferosuperior Axial (Lawrence Method)
PA oblique (scapular Y)
AP shoulder external rotation
Hand is supinated and epicondyles are parallel to the plane of the IR
CR: 0° and 1” inferior to coracoid process
Collimate 10 x 12”
IR is crosswise
Respiration: Suspend
AP shoulder neutral rotation
leave arm in neutral pos, palm against hip, CR 1” inch inferior to the coracoid process
what is the purpose of the neutral Ap shoulder position
for trauma/ dislocation
what is seen in profile of AP External rotation
greater tubercle on outer edge
what is seen in profile on the AP internal rotation?
lesser tubercle
what projection is used for the glenoid cavity
AP oblique (Grashey)
AP Oblique (Grashey) - Shoulder
Position: Upright or supine, Rotated 35 to 45 degrees toward affected side. Scapula parallel to IR. Arm can be rested on abdomen
CR: Perpendicular to shoulder joint
Eval Criteria: Glenoid cavity in profile
PA Oblique (Scapular Y) is used to see
shoulder dislocation
PA Oblique Scapular Y position /degree
45-60 anterior oblique position,RAO/LAO, CR- PER TO scapularhumeral joint
For PA Oblique (scapular y), is it/degree ?
A) RPO/LPO
B) RA0/LAO
B) RAO/LAO, 45-60 degrees
For AP oblique (Grashey) is it/ degree of turn?
A) RPO/LPO
B) RAO/LAO
A) RPO/LPO, 35-45 Degree
during scapular y, if humerus is under Acromion?
A) posterior fracture
B) Anterior fracture
A) posterior fracture
essential projections of clavicle
AP,PA, AP Axial, and PA Axial
what is the preferred projection for clavicle ?
PA, because of OID
during scapular Y, if humerus is under coracoid ?
A) posterior fracture
B) Anterior fracture
B) Anterior fracture
Inferiosuperior Axial projection describe
pt supine, head turn away from CR, Abduct arm away from CR, CR- horizontal angle 15-30 degree
how many images do you need for clavicle?
AP/AP Axial or PA/ PA Axial
where is CR for AP clavicle
mid shaft of clavicle
what is the name of the fossa on the anterior surface of the scapula?
A) subscapular
b) infra scapular
c) scapular notch
A) subscapular
Of which part of the scapula is the acromion an extension ?
spine
which is a ball and socket joint? A)Acromioclavicular B) humeroulnar C) Scapulohumeral D) sternoclavicular
C) scapulohumeral
which portion of the scapula articulates with the humeral head?
A)acromion
B) coracoid process
C) Glenoid fossa
C) Glenoid fossa
which portion of the scapula articulates with the clavicle?
Acromion
When performing AP projection of the shoulder, where should the central ray be directed?
1 inch inferior to the coracoid process
With reference to the plane of the IR, how should the humeral epicondyles be positioned for the AP projection of the shoulder in external rotation?
parallel
With reference to the plane of the IR, how should the humeral epicondyles be positioned for the AP projection of the shoulder with the shoulder in internal rotation?
Perpendicular
With reference to the plane of the IR, how should the humeral epicondyles be positioned for the AP projection of the shoulder with the shoulder in neutral rotation?
perpendicular
Which projection of the shoulder best demonstrates the greater tubercle of the humerus in profile?
AP projection with external rotation
which projection of the shoulder best demonstrates the greater tubercle of the humerus in profile?
a) AP neutral
b) AP internal rotation
c) Ap external rotation
Ap projection with external rotation
Which projection of the shoulder best demonstrates the lesser tubercle of the humerus in profile and pointing toward the glenoid cavity?
a) Transthoractic
b) AP projection with internal rotation
c) Ap projection with external rotation
B) Ap projection internal rotation
when performing the transthoracic lateral projection( Lawrence method) of the humerus, which breathing technique should improve the best image contrast and decrease the exposure necessary to penetrate the body?
a) rapid breathing
b) shallow breathing
c) suspended full expiration
d) suspended full inspiration
D) suspended full inspiration
which projection of the shoulder requires that a horizontal central ray be directed 15 to 30 degrees medially and enter the axilla of the affected arm?
a) AP projected
b) PA oblique (scapular Y) projection
c) Inferosuperior axial projection( Lawrence method)
d) Transthoracic lateral projection ( Lawrence method)
C
How should be the central ray be directed for PA oblique projection (scapular y) of the shoulder?
a) cephalically 15 to 20 degree
b) perpendicular to IR
B
In which body POSITION should the patient be placed to demonstrate the left shoulder with the PA Oblique projection (scapular y)
Left Anterior Oblique (LAO)
Which projection of the shoulder joint requires the patient to be rotated until the midcoronal plane forms an angle of 45-60 degrees with the plane of the IR
PA Oblique Projection (Scapular Y)
Where is the humerus generally demonstrated on a PA Oblique shoulder (Scapular Y) image if the shoulder is normal
a) beneath the acromion
b) beneath the coracoid process
c) Superimposed on the junction of the acromion and coracoid process
C
Which projection demonstrates the scapulohemeral joint space open and the glenoid cavity in profile
a) PA oblique
b) AP Oblique projection ( Grashey Method)
c) AP projection external rotation
B
What would be the required patient POSITION to demonstrate the left shoulder using the AP Oblique projection ( Grashey Method)
a) 10 to 15 digress RPO
b) 35- 45 degrees LPO
B
How many degrees and in which direction should the CR be directed for the AP axial projection of the clavicle with the patient supine
15-30 degrees Cephaled
