Elbow and humerus Flashcards
Describe the movements at the elbow joints
Flextion and extension
What type of bone is the humerus
long bone
Medial epicondyle(larger than other), lateral epicondyle, trochlea, capitulum, coronoiod fossa, olocrenan fossa
anatomy of distal humerus
capitulum located and articulate with
condyle that articulates with the radius
trochlea
condyle on the medial side of distal end of humerus, articulates with ulna
Epicondyle
prominence above or on a condyle
what is significant about the surgical neck?
common fracture location
name the essential projection of elbow
Ap, lateral, Ap oblique with medial and lateral rotation, axiolateral
AP elbow position/ CR
elbow extended, hands supinated , CR perperdicular to elbow joint
AP elbow medial rotation part pos/ CR
pronate hand medially/internally on anterior side 45 degree. CR per to elbow joint
AP elbow lateral rotation pos/ CR
supinate hand laterally/ externally 45 degree/ 1st and second digit will touch surface. CR PER to elbow joint
AP Elbow Distal Humerus Partial Flexion Position
supinate hand, center IR to condyles of of humerus. CR PER humerus
how do you make up a non trauma elbow?
ap elbow distal humerus partial flexion/ ap elbow proximal forearm
elbow flexed 80 degree pronated , CR angled away from shoulder
axiolateral (Coyle) for coronoid process
for the shoulder projection, is the Bucky and grid utilized ?
yes
AP Humerus Projection
slightly abduct humerus from body, supinate hand, coronal plane passes through humeral epicondyles parallel to IR. CR PER to MID humerus
where is the trochlea notch located?
proximal ulna
Which large bony process is easily located by touching the posterior aspect of the proximal forearm
Olecranon process
I’m examination of the humerus, it is most comfortable for the patient to be examined in which position
A) recumbent. B) erect
b) erect
With reference to the plane of IR, how should the humeral epicondylar plane be positioned for AP projection of the elbow ?
Parallel
Which projection of the elbow best demonstrate the olecranon process in profile ?
A) AP Obligue
b) lateral
lateral projection
Which evaluation criterion indicates that the humerus was properly positioned for the lateral projection?A) the lesser tubercle is seen in profile B) the humeral epicondyles are superimposed
B) the humeral epicondyles are superimposed
List the 4 projections of the elbow ( at Hartford hospital and the correct SID and focal spot
AP, lateral, AP Oblique medial and lateral rotation
SID- 40 Smal focal spot
How much should the elbow be flexed for the lateral projection of the elbow?
90 degree
Which projection of the elbow best demonstrates the radial head free of bony superimposition?
A) AP oblique lateral rotation
B) AP oblique medial rotation
AP Oblique , lateral rotation position
What is the direction and amount of central ray angular ion for axiolateral projection ( coyle method ) to demonstrate the radial head and capitulum?
45 degrees towards the shoulders
Which positioning characteristic best indicates that the humerus is properly positioned for the AP projection of the humerus?
a) the hand is pronated on table
b) the hand is true lateral on on the table
c) the humeral epicondylar coronal plane is is parallel with IR
C
which evaluation criterion indicates that the humerus was properly positioned for Ap projection?
A) the lesser tubercle is seen in profile
B) the humeral head and greater tubercle are seen in profile
B
with reference to the plane of of IR, how is it determined that the humerus was properly positioned in true lateral position?
a) the humeral epicondylar coronal plane is parallel
b) the humeral epicondylar coronal plane is perpendicular
B
Which evaluation criterion indicates that the humerus was properly positioned for the lateral projection?
A) the lesser tubercle is seen in profile
B) beam divergence
C) the humeral head and greater tubercle are both seen in profile
A
For the Ap projection of the elbow, why should the hand be positioned with the palm facing up?
supinate the hand to prevent rotation of the forearm bones
Which AP oblique projection positioning movement (medial rotation or lateral rotation) requires the hand to be pronated?
medial rotation
Name the 3 proper elbow join name s
Proximal radio ulnar joint, humeroulnar jointHumeroradial joint
head of humerus articulates with
glenoid cavity of scapula
Lateral elbow part pos/ CR
flexed 90 digress, forearm on ulnar side, CR per to elbow joint
why is axiolateral (Coyle) use?
used in trauma to demonstrate the radial head and coronoid process
Classify the type of joint at the elbow
Diarthrotic, hinge joint
Name the anatomy of the proximal humerus
Head, anatomical neck, surgical neck, greater tubercle, lesser tubercle , inter tubercle
coronoid fossa articulates in extension or flexion
flexion
olecranon fossa articulates in flexion or extension
extension
axiolateral (Coyle) for radial head pos
elbow flexed 90, hand pronated, CR angles 45 towards shoulders
name the essential projection of the the humerus
AP, Lateral
when is exposure made concerning breathing for humerus exposure
suspend breathing
Lateral Humerus Positioning
nternally rotate humerus, flex elbow 90, rest palm of hand on hip. coronal plane passing through epicondyles . CR PER to to mid humerus.
The coronoid process is located on the —- bone, while the capitulum is located on the ———
Ulna, distal humerus
Upon flextion of the elbow, the ——of the ulna fits into the ——-of the humerus
Coronoid process, coronoid fossa
Which of the following should be used to image the radial head on a trauma patient ?
A) lateral projection without flexion
B) Ap elbow, partial flexion
C) Axiolateral projection( Coyle method) of elbow joint
C
which projection of and position of upper extremity best demonstrates the coronoid process in profile and free of superimposition ?
A)Ap oblique lateral rotation
B) Ap oblique medial rotation
B
For the axiolateral projection (Coyle method) of the elbow to demonstrate the coronoid process, the elbow is :
A) flexed 80 degree
B) flexed 90 degree
flexed 80 degree
what is the central orientation for the axiolateral projection of the elbow( Coyle method) to demonstrate the coronoid process when the patient is seated?
angled 45 digress away from shoulder
