shoulder exam

Question 1

Origin and insertion of the subscapularis muscle?

Answer 1

subscapular fossa and the lesser tubercle of the humerus

Question 2

actions of the subscapularis?

Answer 2

internally/medially rotates the humerus

Question 3

innervation of the subscapularis?

Answer 3

upper and lower subscapular nerve- C5, C6

Question 4

what tendons are attached to the greater tubercle of the humerus?

Answer 4

tendons of the terres minor and the infraspinatus

Question 5

what are the actions of the teres minor and infraspinatus?

Answer 5

laterally rotate the humerus (shoulder joint)

Question 6

What is the origin and insertion of the teres minor?

and the innervation?

Answer 6

Origin—-lateral border of the scapula
Insertion—–inferior facet of greater tubercle of the humerus

innervation- axillary nerve

Question 7

what is the origin and insertion of the infraspinatus?

what is its innervation?

Answer 7

Origin—-infraspinous fossa of the scapula
Insertion —–middle facet of greater tubercle of the humerus

innervation—–suprascapular nerve

Question 8

what is the origin and insertion of the deltoid?

Answer 8

Origin——the anterior border and upper surface of the lateral third of the clavicle, acromion, spine of the scapula

Insertion——deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Question 9

what is the innervation of the deltoid?

Answer 9

axillary- C5, C6

Question 10

what are the actions of the deltoid?

Answer 10

shoulder abduction, flexion and extension

Question 11

name specific tests in the shoulder exam and describe them?

hawkins (tests the capsule?)
jobes (test for supraspinatus?
scarf (tests the AC joint)?
subscapularis test?

Answer 11

hawkins tests for impingement syndrome

jobes tests for rotator cuff injury (mostly the supraspinatus)

scarf test

Question 12

what is frozen shoulder?

and what is the result of having it?

Answer 12

this is adhesive capsulitis.

In frozen shoulder, the shoulder capsule thickens and becomes tight. Stiff bands of tissue — called adhesions — develop. In many cases, there is less synovial fluid in the joint.

The hallmark sign of this condition is being unable to move your shoulder - either on your own or with the help of someone else. It develops in three stages:

loss/limitation of internal and external rotation

Question 13

origin and insertion of the supraspinatus?

Answer 13

Origin——supraspinous fossa of scapula

Insertion—–superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus

Question 14

describe the route of the supraspinatus muscle from origin to insertion and the clinical relevance of this?

Answer 14

The supraspinatus muscle arises from the supraspinous fossa, a shallow depression in the body of the scapula above its spine.

The supraspinatus muscle tendon passes laterally beneath the cover of the acromion.

Question 15

What three rotator cuff muscles insert into the greater tubercle of the humerus?

Answer 15

SIT
supra
infra
teres minor

Question 16

which teres (minor or major) is not considered part of rotator cuff?

Answer 16

Major

Question 17

common causes of shoulder pain, starting with most common?

Answer 17

tendon inflammation- (either bursitis, tendinitis or tendon tears) (tendon tears- of the rotator cuff and biceps are the most common) (of the rotator cuff tears, supraspinatus is the most common)

instability
arthritis
fracture

Question 18

what 3 tendons are attached to the greater tubercle of the humerus

Answer 18

SIT (greater facet, middle facet and inferior facet) - all located on the posterior aspect of humerus)

supraspinatus
infraspinatus
teres minor

Question 19

what is attached to the lesser tubercle of the humerus?

and what does this muscle do to the shoulder?

Answer 19

subscapularis, C5-C6

internally rotates shoulder and stabilises shoulder

Question 20

what is the insertion and origin of the supraspinatus

Answer 20

Origin—-supraspinous fossa of scapula

Insertion—–superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus

Question 21

what is the action of the supraspinatus?

Answer 21

abduction of the arm for the first 10-15 degrees. the deltoid takes over after 30 degrees.

it also stabilises the shoulder joint.