SHOULDER Articulations Flashcards
What 4 joints make up the shoulder?
Glenohumeral, acromioclavicular, scapulothoracic and sternoclavicular
Which joint of the shoulder can perform flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, ER, and IR? Loose packed position?
GH joint
Loose packed/ open pack position
- 55 degrees of ABDUCTION
- 30 degrees of HORIZONTAL ADDUCTION (in scapular plane)
What is the closed pack position for the GH joint? (2)Capsular pattern (in order)? (3)
Closed pack
- ER and ABduction
Capsular Pattern
- ER
- ABduction
- IR
At which joint of the shoulder does elevation, depression, protraction, ER and IR occur?
Sternoclavicular joint
What is the loose/ open and close/d pack position of the sternoclavicular joint?
Open/ Loose
-arm resting by the side
Close/d
-maximum shoulder elevation
At the AC joint of the shoulder _ and _ _, _ and _ _, _ and _ occur.
At the AC joint of the shoulder ANTERIOR and POSTERIOR TILTING, UPWARD and DOWNWARD ROTATION, PROTRACTION and RETRACTION occur.
What is the loose/ open pack position of the AC joint? Close/d pack?
Open/ loose
-arm resting by side
Close/d
-arm ABDUCTED to 90 degrees
What is the capsular pattern for both the AC and SC joints of the shoulder?
Pain at extremes of range of motion/ EROM
The GH joint is formed by the convex head of the _ and the concave head of the _ _ of the _. What type of joint? How many degrees of freedom.
Is formed by the convex head of the HUMERUS and the concave head of the GLENOID FOSSA of the SCAPULA.
Ball and socket SYNOVIAL JOINT
3 DEGREES OF FREEDOM
What about the design of the shoulder joint makes it inherently unstable?
The relatively small articular surface of the GLENOID fossa in relation to the larger Humeral head
SC joint is formed by the _ _ of the _ and the _ of the _. Type of joint? Degrees of freedom?
SC joint is formed by the MEDIAL END of the CLAVICLE and the MANUBRIUM of the STERNUM
SADDLE-SHAPED joint
3 DEGREES OF FREEDOM
There is a _ _ between the manubrium and the clavicular which enhances the _ of the joint. It also acts as a _ _ and serves as the _ for _ _.
There is a FIBROCARTILAGINOUS DISC between . . . Which enhances the STABILITY of the the joint.
It also acts as a SHOCK ABSORBER and serves as the AXES for CLAVICULAR ROTATION
The AC joint is formed by the _ _ of the _ and the _ _ of the _. Joint type? Degrees of freedom?
Is formed by the ACROMION PROCESS of the SCAPULAR and the LATERAL END of the CLAVICLE.
PLANE SYNOVIAL JOINT
3 DEGREES OF FREEDOM
The AC joint functions to maintain the relationship between the _ and the _ during _ _.
. . . Relationship between the CLAVICLE and the SCAPULA during GH ROM
The scapulothoracic joint is a what type of joint?
It is NOT A TRUE ANATOMICAL JOINT, because it lacks the necessary synovial joint characteristics
The _ ligaments surround the _ joint on all sides and help control horizontal movements of the clavicle.
The ACROMICLAVICULAR ligaments surround the AC joint . . . .
The _ ligament forms a roof over the humeral head and helps limit superior translation of the humeral head and help present separation of the AC joint.
The CORACOACROMIAL ligament forms a roof . . .
The _ ligament consists of 2 ligaments called the conoid and trapezoid, and acts as the primary support of the _ _ limiting superior translation of the clavicle.
The CORACOCLAVICULAR ligament consists of 2 ligaments called the conoid and the trapezoid, and acts as the primary support of the AC JOINT limiting superior translation of the clavicle
The coracohumeral ligament attaches proximally to the _ _ and splits distally to attach to the _ and _ _. Helps to unite the _ and _ _ and limits inferior translation of the _ _.
Coracohumeral ligament attaches proximally to the CORACOID PROCESS and splits distally to attach to the LESSER AND GREATER TUBEROSITIES.
Helps to unite the SUPRASPINATUS AND SUBSCAPULARIS TENDONS and it limits inferior translation of the HUMERAL HEAD.
The _ ligaments consist of the 3 parts the superior, middle and inferior _ ligaments.
The GLENOHUMERAL ligaments .. . .and inferior GH ligaments
Which of the GH ligaments limits ADDuction of the shoulder as well as ER with the shoulder in 0-45 degrees of ABduction.
The superior GH ligament
Which of the GH ligaments has an anterior and posterior band that limits ER and IR respectively above 90 degrees of ABduction? What else does it limit in that same range of ABduction?
Inferior GH ligament
Also limits inferior translation of the humerus
The middle GH ligament limits ER with the shoulder in - of _.
Limits ER with the shoulder in 45-90 DEGREES OF ABDUCTION
What is the purpose of the GLENOID labrum? Often damaged with?
Purpose is to deepen the fossa and increase the articular surface thus improving stability of the joint
Often damaged with RECURRENT SHOULDER INSTABILITY
The _ _ arises from the GLENOID fossa an the GLENOID labrum to blend with the muscles of the rotation cuff. It’s volume is _ as _ as the size of the humeral head. It is reinforced by the _ and _ ligaments.
The JOINT CAPSULE arises from the . . . .
It’s volume is TWICE AS LARGE as the size of the humeral head
It’s reinforced by the GLENOHUMERAL and CORACOHUMERAL ligaments
The _ _ is a space in the anterosuperior shoulder that consists of and is bordered by the coracohumeral ligament, the superior GH ligament, joint capsule and the supraspinatus and subscapularis tendons.
the ROTATOR INTERVAL is a space is in the . . .
The _ _ extends over the supraspinatus tendon and the distal muscle belly, beneath the acromion and deltoid muscle. It _ _ of the deltoid muscle _ the _ _ of the shoulder joint and _ tendon. Often involved with?
The SUBACROMIAL BURSA extends over the . . . .
It FACILITATES MOVEMENT of the deltoid muscle OVER the FIBROUS CAPSULE of the shoulder joint and SUPRASPINATUS tendon.
Often involved with IMPINGEMENT BENEATH THE ACROMIAL ARCH
The _ _ overlies the anterior joint capsule and lies beneath the the subscapularis muscle. _ _ _ may indicate articular effusion secondary to distention of the _.
The SUBSCAPULAR BURSA overlies the anterior joint capsule . . .
ANTERIOR SHOULDER FULLNESS may indicate articular effusion secondary to distention of the BURSA
What is the name of the ligament that helps maintain the tendon of the long head of the biceps in the bicipital groove?
Transverse humeral ligament
