Shoulder and Elbow Problems Flashcards
2 types of shoulder pathology
- Traumatic shoulder injuries
- Non-traumatic shoulder pain
2 types of elbow pathology
- Traumatic elbow injuries
- Elbow tendinopathies
Common pathologies for;
- Teens/20s
- 30s & 40s
- 50s & 60s
- 70>
- Teens/20s: Fractures + instability
- 30s & 40s: Rotator cuff & capsulitis
- 50s & 60s: Impingement + AC joint
- 70>: Degenerative rotator cuff + joint
3 types of shoulder dislocation and how common they are
- Anterior (90%)
- Posterior (9%)
- Inferior (1%)
4 steps in treatment of shoulder dislocations
- Manipulation
- Immobilisation
- Physiotherapy
- Surgery
What is the lightbulb sign
-Refers to the abnormal AP radiograph appearance of the humeral head in posterior shoulder dislocation.
Define subacromial impingement
-Pain + dysfunction due to any pathology which: –Decreased volume of the subacromial space
Or
-Increases the size of the contents
Treatment of subacromial impingement
- Subacromial steroid injection
- Physiotherapy
- Arthroscopic subacromial decompression
Causes of frozen shoulder
- Adhesive capsulitis
- Primary (idiopathic) or secondary
How to diagnose a frozen shoulder
- Clinical diagnose
- Normal radiograph
Symptoms of frozen shoulder
- Pain
- Stiffness
- Thawing
2 types of rotator cuff tears
- Traumatic
- Degenerative
Treatment of acute and chronic degenerative rotator cuff tears
- Acute = early surgery
- Chronic degenerative = surgery IF symptomatic
Causes of shoulder arthritis
- Osteoarthritis
- Inflammatory arthritis
- Post-traumatic arthritis
What is important in shoulder arthritis
Rotator cuff integrity is paramount
