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Anatomy Unit 5 > Shoulder and Arm > Flashcards

Shoulder and Arm Flashcards

1
Q

what is the only articulation of between the skeleton of the upper limb and the axial skeleton

A

the sternoclavicular joint

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2
Q

the sternoclavicular joint permits movement of?

A

the scapula and the clavicle

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3
Q

what are the movements of the sternoclavicular joint

A

elevation/depression
protraction/retraction
upward/downward rotation
lateral/medial rotation

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4
Q

movement of the sternoclavicular joint on the AP axis would have what effect on the scapula?

A

elevation/depression

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5
Q

movement of the sternoclavicular joint on the vertical axis would have what effect on the scapula?

A

protraction/retraction OR abduction and adduction

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6
Q

movement of the sternoclavicular joint on the oblique axis would have what effect on the scapula?

A 
upward rotation
downward rotation (return to anatomical position
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7
Q

what anterior muscles move the SC joint

A

pectoralis minor

serratus anterior

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8
Q

what posterior muscles move the SC joint

A

levator scapulae
rhomboids (rhomboid major and minor)
trapezius

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9
Q

Pectoralis minor causes which movements around the AP axis, vertical axis and oblique axis

A

AP axis: depression

vertical: protraction
oblique: downward/ medial rotation

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10
Q

pectoralis minor and major are innervated by which nerve

A

lateral and medial pectoral

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11
Q

serratus anterior causes which movements around which axis/s?

A

AP axis: depression
vertical axis: protraction
oblique axis: upward/lateral rotation

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12
Q

serratus anterior is innervated by? what is interesting about this relationship?

A

the long thoracic nerve

the long thoracic nerve is found superficially to the serratus anterior- laceration can cause winged scapula

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13
Q

denervation of serratus anterior muscle can lead to winged scapula. Why?

A

the long thoracic innervates the serratus anterior. The scapula is held against the posterior thoracic wall by the tension and tone of the serratus anterior. Losing tone causes the scapula to wing away from the posterior wall

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14
Q

what is the only axis the levator scapulae muscle moves through? what is the action?

A

AP axis

movement: elevation

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15
Q

rhomboids cause which movement? around what axis?

A

AP axis: elevation

vertical: retraction
oblique: downward/medial rotation

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16
Q

what innervates the rhomboids and levator scapulae?

A

the dorsal scapular nerve

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17
Q

the trapezius muscle has what regions?

A

superior
middle
inferior

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18
Q

the trapezius causes what movements? around which axis?

A

AP axis: depression and elevation
Vertical axis: retraction
oblique axis: upward/lateral rotation

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19
Q

The glenohumeral joint has which three axes? what are the movements?

A

transverse: flexion/extension
AP: aBduction/aDduction
vertical: Medial/lateral rotation

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20
Q

what are the anterior muscles of the glenohumeral joint?

A

pectoralis major
coracobrachialis
biceps brachii
deltoid

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21
Q

what are the posterior muscles of the glenohumeral joint

A

latissimus dorsi
teres major
triceps brachii
deltoid

22
Q

what are the rotator cuff muscles of the glenohumeral join

A

supraspinatus
infraspinatus
teres minor
subscapularis

23
Q

all muscles that are visible anteriorly

A

flex the joint

24
Q

the pectoralis major muscle causes what movements?around which axis?

A

transverse: flexion
vertical: medial rotation
AP: adduction

25
Q

the hugging muscle is the?

A

pectoralis major muscle

26
Q

the biceps brachii perform which movement/s? around what axis

A

transverse axis: flexion

27
Q

the coracobrachialis perform which movement/s? around what axis?

A

transverse: flexion
AP: aDduction

28
Q

what innervates the biceps brachii and the coracobrachialis?

A

musculocutaneous

29
Q

the musculocutaneous nerve continues distally to become?

A

lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve

30
Q

the four muscles that are visible posteriorly

A

extend the joint

31
Q

which two muscles are categorized as functional twins?

A

latissimus dorsi and teres major

32
Q

the latissimus dorsi and teres major perform what movements? around what axis?

A

transverse: extension
vertical: medial/rotation
AP: aDduction

33
Q

the triceps brachii perform what movements? around what axis?

A

transverse: extension

AP axis: aDduction

34
Q

the supraspinatus performs what movement? around what axis?

A

AP axis: aBduction

35
Q

the infraspinatus performs what movement? around what axis?

A

vertical axis: lateral rotation

36
Q

the teres minor performs what movement? around what axis?

A

vertical axis: lateral rotation

37
Q

the subscapularis performs what movement? around what axis?

A

vertical axis: medial rotation

38
Q

what action can the deltoid muscle perform?

A

every possible action at the glenohumeral joint

39
Q

the deltoid performs what movement? around what axis

A

transverse: flexion and extension
vertical: medial and lateral rotation

AP: abduction and adduction

40
Q

where does the subclavian become the axillary artery

A

after it passes the first rib

41
Q

what supplies the arm, forearm and hand

A

brachial artery

42
Q

the triceps brachii are supplied by

A

the deep brachial artery

43
Q

what nerve travels with the suprascapular artery?

A

suprascapular nerve

44
Q

what nerve travels with the posterior humeral circumflex artery?

A

axillary nerve

45
Q

what nerve travels with the deep brachial artery?

A

radial nerve

46
Q

what nerve travels with the anterior humeral circumflex artery?

A

NONE it travels alone

47
Q

what nerve travels with the circumflex scapular artery?

A

lower subscapular nerve

48
Q

what nerve travels with the thoracodorsal artery

A

thoracodorsal nerve

49
Q

damage to the shaft of the humerus would effect which artery and nerve?

A

radial nerve and deep brachial artery

50
Q

damage to the surgical neck of the humerus would effect which artery and nerve

A

axillary nerve and posterior humeral circumflex artery

51
Q

damage to the scapular notch would effect which artery and nerve?

A

suprascapular nerve and artery

Anatomy Unit 5 (4 decks)

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