Axilla

Question 1

the apex of the axilla is bordered by?

Answer 1

the clavicle, scapula and first rib

Question 2

the base of the axilla is bordered by?

Answer 2

fascia and skin of the armpit

Question 3

the medial wall of the axilla has?

Answer 3

the upper ribs and serratus anterior muscle

Question 4

the anterior wall of the axilla has?

Answer 4

pectoralis major and pectoralis minor muscles

Question 5

the posterior wall of the axilla has?

Answer 5

the scapula, subscapularis, teres major and latissimus dorsi muscles

Question 6

the lateral wall of the axilla has?

Answer 6

the humerus

Question 7

what are the contents of the axilla?

Answer 7

parts of the brachial plexus
axillary artery and its branches
axillary vein and its tributaries
*contains lymph nodes that drain into the breast

Question 8

what are the roots of the the brachial plexus

Answer 8

C5, C6, C7, C8, T1

Question 9

the roots combine to form the trunks of the plexus, what are the parts of the trunk?

Answer 9

upper/superior trunk - C5 &C6
Middle trunk= C7
Lower/inferior trunk= C8, T1

Question 10

Trunks split into what? what does it contain?

Answer 10

trunks split into divisions that contain fibers that innervate in an anterior or posterior compartment

Question 11

divisions form into what? name them and the roots they contain

Answer 11

lateral cord - C5, C6,C7
posterior cord C5-T1
medial cord- C8, T1

Question 12

what are the five branches of the brachial plexus? what roots do they contain?

Answer 12

musculocutaneous (C5-C7)
axillary (C5-C6)
radial (C5-T1)
median (C5-T1)
ulnar (C8-T1)

Question 13

Which of the five compartments will go to the anterior compartments?

Answer 13

musculocutaneous
median
ulnar

Question 14

which of the five compartments will go to the posterior compartment?

Answer 14

axillary

radial

Question 15

what is a branch of C5? What does it innervate?

Answer 15

Dorsal scapular: innervates the levator scapulae and rhomboid major and minor

long thoracic: has contributions from C6, C7 and innervates the serratus anterior

Question 16

branch of the superior trunk? What does it innervate?

Answer 16

suprascapular (C5,C6) it innervates the supaspinatus and infraspinatus

Question 17

branch of the lateral cord? what roots does it contain? what does it innervate

Answer 17

lateral pectoral (C5-C7) innervates the pectoralis major and minor muscles

Question 18

branch of the posterior cord? what roots does it contain? what do they innervate

Answer 18

subscapular
upper (C5,C6) - innervates the subscapularis

middle (C6-C8)- also known as thoracodorsal- innervates the latissimus dorsi

lower (C5,C6)-subscapularis and teres major

Question 19

branch of the medial cord? what doe they innervate? if they contain roots which roots do they contain

Answer 19

medial pectoral (C8, T1) innervates pectoralis minor

medial brachial which innervates the arm

and the medial antebrachial which innervates the forearm

Question 20

which additional branches of the brachial plexus are in the posterior compartment?

Answer 20

dorsal scapular
suprascapular
long thoracic
subscapular (all three)

Question 21

which additional branches of the brachial plexus are in the anterior compartment?

Answer 21

lateral and medial pectoral

Question 22

1st part of the of the axillary artery?

Answer 22

superior/supreme thoracic

Question 23

2nd part of the axillary artery has which two branches?

Answer 23

thoracoacromial trunk

lateral thoracic

Question 24

3rd part of the axillary artery has which three branches?

Answer 24

subscapular- branches into circumflex scapular, thoracodorsal

anterior circumflex humeral
posterior circumflex humeral

Question 25

what does the supreme thoracic supply?

Answer 25

1st and 2nd intercostal spaces

Question 26

what does the thoracoacromial trunk supply

Answer 26

acromial, pectoral, clavicular, deltoid

Question 27

what does the lateral thoracic artery supply

Answer 27

serratus anterior

Question 28

what does both the anterior and posterior humeral circumflex supply?

Answer 28

deltoid muscle

Question 29

what does the subscapular artery supply

Answer 29

its circumflex scapular branch supplies posterior scapular muscles.

its thoracodorsal branch supplies the latissimus dorsi

Question 30

damage to the upper trunk of the brachial plexus would cause?

Answer 30

Erb-duchenne injury (difficulty moving the shoulder)

Question 31

damage to the lower trunk of the brachial plexus would cause?

Answer 31

klumpke’s injury (difficulty with movement of the distal joints)

Question 32

certain spinal cord levels cause movement at each joint. Damage to the shoulder region would effect which spinal roots?

Answer 32

C5, C6

Question 33

certain spinal cord levels cause movement at each joint. Damage to the elbow would effect which spinal roots

Answer 33

C6,C7

Question 34

certain spinal cord levels cause movement at each joint. Damage to the wrist would effect which roots?

Answer 34

C7,C8

Question 35

certain spinal cord levels cause movement at each joint. Damage to the hand would effect which roots?

Answer 35

C8, T1

Question 36

Damage to a root would cause

Answer 36

loss in dermatome, a strip of skin

Question 37

damage to a terminal branch

Answer 37

loss in an irregularly shaped area