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Ortho Test 4 > shoulder anatomy > Flashcards

shoulder anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

what are the movements at the SCJ and how are they defined?

A
  1. elevation/depression
  2. protraction/retraction
  3. posterior rotation

defined by movement at the distal clavicle

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2
Q

describe SC elevation/depression

A

convex on concave limited by the CC ligament

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3
Q

describe SC depression

A

convex on concave limited by the interclavicular ligametn

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4
Q

describe SC retraction

A

concave on convex limited by CC ligament and anterior capsule

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5
Q

describe SC protraction

A

concave on convex limited mostly by the posterior capsule

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6
Q

describe axial movment of the clavicle

A

during abd/flx around 90/100, the clavicle spins posteriorly 20-35

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7
Q

what does the coracoclavicular ligament do? what are the two parts

A

suspends the scapula from the clavicle

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8
Q

how is motion described at the scapula? what are the motions?

A

by motion occuring at the distal clavicle; up and down rotation primarily, but also IR/ER and AP tilting

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9
Q

what are the physiologic motions associated with scapular upward and downward rotation?

A

upward: flexion and abduction
downward: extension and adduction

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10
Q

what are the muscles that make up the scapulothoracic joint?

A

subscap, serratus anterior, ES

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11
Q

what is the average resting position of the scapula in all three planes?

A

anterior tilt, IR, upward rotation

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12
Q

what two component motions are necessary for scapular elevation?

A

SC elevation, AC down rotation

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13
Q

what two component motions are associated with scapular protraction?

A

SC protraction and AC IR

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14
Q

scapulothoracic upward rotation is made of which component motions?

A

SC elevation and AC up rotation

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15
Q

what are the approximate orientations of the GHJ components

A

scapular plane: approx 30

physiologic GH head retroversion: 30

clavicle posteriorly oriented : 20

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16
Q

what are the capsular ligaments of the GHJ and what motions do they resist

A

superior: adduction
middle: ER
inferior: inferior and A/P translations

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17
Q

what is most unique about the inferior GHL?

A

it is a cradle-like pouch composed an anterior band, posterior band, and axillary pouch

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18
Q

the cocking phase of throwing stresses which part of the GHJ the most?

A

anterior band of inferior capsule

19
Q

which external capsule ligament provides GH capsule stability

A

CHL

20
Q

when is the SGHL taught and what motions does it resist?

A
  • adduction
  • inferior + AP humeral head translation
21
Q

when is the MGHL taught and what motions does it resist?

A
  • anterior translation of the humerus (esp in slight abd)
  • ER
22
Q

when is the CHL taught and what motions does it resist?

A
  • adduction
  • inferior translation of humerus + ER
23
Q

when is the axillary pouch taught and what motions does it resist?

A
  • 90 abd
  • AP + inferior translation
24
Q

when is the anterior band of the IFGHL taught and what motions does it resist?

A
  • 90 abd + full ER
  • anterior translation of humerus
25
Q

when is the posterior band of the IFGHL taught and what motions does it resist?

A
  • 90 abd + full IR
  • inferior translation of the humerus
26
Q

what are three major components of the subacromial space

A

supraspinatus tendon, subacromial bursa, and long head biceps tendon

27
Q

what are the motions at the GHJ?

A

three degrees of freedom plus a fourth (horizontal abd/add)

28
Q

what motion is associated with GH abd and why?

A

ER so that the greater tubercle can pass under the acromion

29
Q

what are the three kinematic principles of full shoulder abduction

A
  1. 2:1 rhythm
  2. 60 degree scap up rotation
  3. clavicle retraction
  4. scap posterior tilt and ER
  5. clavicle posterior rot 20-35
  6. GH ER
30
Q

what innervates the serratus anterior?

A

long thoracic (C5-7)

31
Q

what innervates the rhomboids and levator scap?

A

dorsal scap (C5)

32
Q

what innervates the supra and infraspinatus?

A

suprascapular nerve (C5-6)

33
Q

what innervates the subscapularis?

A

upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5,6)

34
Q

what innervates the lats?

A

thoracodorsal C6-8

35
Q

what innervates teres major?

A

lower subscapular nerve (C5,6)

36
Q

what innervates the deltoid and teres minor?

A

axillary nerve (C5,6)

37
Q

what innervates pec major and minor?

A

lateral pectoral C5-7 and medial pectoral C8,T1

38
Q

what provides sensation to the SCJ

A

supraclavicular C3,4

39
Q

what are ST elevators?

A

UT, LS, rhomboids

40
Q

what are ST depressors?

A

LT, lats, pec minor, subclavius

41
Q

what are ST protractors?

A

SA

42
Q

what are ST retractors?

A

MT, rhombs, LT

43
Q

what are ST up rotators?

A

delt, all traps, SA

44
Q

what are the three components of the detoid-RTC force couple and why do they matter?

A
  1. deltoid
  2. supraspinatus
  3. other RTC

though the deltoid is a big mover, the RTC fixes the humeral head in the glenoid and directions the rotation of the head; otherwise, the humerus would just ram the acromion (60% more)

Ortho Test 4 (7 decks)

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