Shoulder Anatomy Flashcards by Katherine Morris

SH Rhythm: Phase 1, part 1

0-30deg

GH contributes all motion, scapula does nothing

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SH Rhythm: Phase 1, part 2

30-90deg
GH contributes 30
Scapula contributes 30

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SH Rhythm: Phase 1, part 2 scapula motion is…

a) SC > AC
b) AC > SC

a) SC > AC

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SH Rhythm: Phase 2 scapula motion is…

a) SC > AC
b) AC > SC

b) AC > SC

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SH Rhythm: Phase 2

90-180deg
GH contributes 60
Scap contributes 30

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SH Rhythm: overall, what is the ratio of GH:ST motion?

2:1

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Phase 1: what scapula motions?

elevation
up rotation
post tipping
ER

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At 90deg, why is GH ER important?

If no ER = jt would “lock” bc greater tub against acromial arch.
ER allows greater tub to clear arch.

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Max elevation of GH frozen

60deg

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Max elevation if no GH ER

90deg

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CT contribution for unilateral elevation

last 10-20deg

contralat side bend

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CT contribution for bilateral elevation

last 10-20deg

extension

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Rhomboids action

Concentric: down rotates scap.
Eccentric: controls up rotation (generated by concentric action of Trap & Serratus Ant).

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Upper trap is coupled with ____ Serratus Anterior

Lower

and vice versa

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RC muscles are most active at _____deg elevation

0-115

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painful arc SIS

60-120

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painful arc AC

170-180

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resting position of scapula

ribs 2-7
10-20deg ant tip
10-20deg up rotated
30-40deg IR

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how is the resting position of the scapula affected with fwd head posture?

Scap down rotated
Slack on sup GH capsule
less flex ROM
RC musc contract to maintain jt integrity

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causes of scap dyskinesis

musc weakness/imbalance
nerve, AC, or RC injury
sup labral tear

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Anterior tip: what does it look like?

inf angle more prominent.

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Anterior tip: weak muscles

lower trap
lats
serr ant

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Anterior tip: tight muscles

pecs

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Winging: what does it look like?

med border more prominent.

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Winging: weak muscles

traps rhomboids serr ant

Winging: tight muscles

humeral rotators

Winging: other injuries that may cause it

SLAP | long thoracic nerve lesion

Elevated scapula: what does it look like?

sup angle elevated.

Elevated scapula: muscles involved

Overactive levator & upper trap. | Imbalanced up/low trap force couple.

Elevated scapula commonly seen w/ what conditions?

SIS | RC lesions

SC frontal plane motions

elevation (45) | depression (15)

SC frontal plane: what is convex/concave?

``` vex = clavicle cave = manubrium ```

SC transverse plane motions

protraction (15) | retraction (15)

SC transverse plane: what is convex/concave?

``` vex = manubrium cave = clavicle ```

SC sagittal plane motions

upward rotation (30-45)

AC ligaments

Coracoclavicular (Trapezoid & Conoid) Acromioclavicular Capsule

trapezoid lig checks what motion?

lateral movement of clavicle

conoid lig checks what motion?

superior movement of clavicle (upward rotation)

AC joint movements (and named for what?)

Ant/post tipping: direction of acromion IR/ER: direction of glenoid Up/down rotation: direction of glenoid

HH faces what directions in anatomic position?

medial posterior superior

Glenoid faces what directions in anatomic position?

lateral anterior superior

Orientation of glenoid/HH provides the most stability where?

posterior | inferior

GH joint capsule fiber pattern & purpose

Cross-liked pattern = tightens w/ ER/IR forces

GH Close-Pack position

full ABD | full ER

GH resting position

55 ABD | 30 horiz ADD

GH lig: transverse humeral

holds BLH tdn in groove

GH lig: coracohumeral

stabilizes BLH tdn | provides inf stability from 0-50° ABD (w/ SGHL).

GH lig: coracoacromial

superior stability

SGHL stability

provides inferior stability limits inferior translation of HH 0-50 ABD

MGHL stability

provides anterior stability limits anterior translation of HH 45-60 ABD limits ER (from 0-90 ABD)

IGHL anterior band

limits ant/inf translation at 90° ABD & ER

IGHL posterior band

limits post translation with ABD & IR

IGHL axillary pouch

like a hammock supports HH in ABD. ABD + ER = resists ant dislocation. ABD + IR = resists post dislocation.

what is the rotator interval

Ant/sup space btwn subscap & supraspin tdns

contents of rotator interval

CHL SGHL BLH tdn ant jt capsule

purpose of rotator interval

stability to GH & BLH tdn | limits excessive GH motion

contracture of rotator interval may lead to...

adhesive capsulitis

laxity of rotator interval may lead to...

GH instability

labrum purpose

deepens fossa by ~50%, increase surface area for HH. Allows GH lig attachments to glenoid. Limits HH translation.

labrum blood supply

only to periphery | cannot heal on its own without surgery

bursa purpose

alleviate friction by creating space btwn 2 tightly opposed structures

T/F: bursa cannot be strengthened/stretched

TRUE | non-contractile tissue