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movement science > shoulder > Flashcards

shoulder Flashcards

1
Q

what type of synovial joint is the SC joint

A

saddle joint

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2
Q

from medial to lateral, the clavicle is __(concave/convex)__ and the manubrium is__(concave/convex)__

A

clavicle = concave
manubrium = convex

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3
Q

from inferior to superior, the clavicle is __(concave/convex)__ and the manubrium is__(concave/convex)__

A

clavicle = convex
manubrium = concave

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4
Q

in the sagittal plane
1. what movements does the SC joint make
2. what are the arthrokinematics

A
  1. superior + inferior roll/glide
  2. convex (c) on concave (m)–> opposites
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5
Q

in the frontal plane
1. what movements does the SC joint make
2. what are the arthrokinematics

A
  1. anterior + posterior roll/glide
  2. concave (c) on convex (m) –> same directions
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6
Q

in the transverse plane
1. what movements does the SC joint make
2. what are the arthrokinematics

A
  1. rotation
  2. posterior spin around longitudinal axis
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7
Q

superior vs inferior SC joint

A

sup = medial clavicle and disc
inf = medial clavicle with manubrium and first costal cartilage

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8
Q

what movements does the clavicle roll/glide on the disc

A

elevation and depression
(disc is part of manubrium)

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9
Q

what movements does the clavicle and the SC disc roll/slide on manubrium

A

protraction and retraction
(disc is part of clavicle)

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10
Q

anterior and posterior SC ligaments limits…

A

posterior (main) + anterior translation
REINFORCES CAPSULE

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11
Q

costoclavicular ligament limits…

A

elevation of LATERAL clavicle

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12
Q

what muscles does the costoclavicular ligament counteract

A

superior pulls of SCM and sternohyoid muscles

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13
Q

interclavicular ligament limits….

A

excessive depression + superior gliding

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14
Q

what SC joint ligament protects brachial plexus and subclavian arteries

A

interclavicular ligament

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15
Q

scapular pro/retraction causes what movements at the SC joint

A

pro = lateral and medial clavicle move anteirorly

re = lateral and medial clavicle move posteriorly

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16
Q

what joint maximizes scapula contact to throax

A

AC joint

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17
Q

what orientation of the AC joint is most susceptible to shear forces + degeneration

A

vertical

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18
Q

what are the dynamic stabilizers of the AC joint

A

delts and traps

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19
Q

superior AC joint limits…

A

opposing forces

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20
Q

does the SC or AC joint have a stronger capsule

A

SC!! AC has a super weak capsule

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21
Q

conoid ligament limits…

A

inferior forces + upward scapula rotation

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22
Q

trapezoid ligament limits…

A

posterior translation + upward scapula rotation

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23
Q

what ligaments couple posterior clavicle rotation with scapular upward rotation

A

coracoclavicular ligaments (conoid + trapezoid)

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24
Q

elevation/depression of the scapula requires what type of movement from the AC joint

A

anterior + posterior tilting

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25
dow/upward rotation of the scapula requires what type of movement from the AC joint
downward + upward rotation
26
pro/retraction of the scapula requires what type of movement from the AC joint
IR + ER
27
how do AC joint injuries most commonly occur
contact sports or falls on adducted shoulder
28
how many degrees off is the scapula from the coronal/frontal plane
35-45*
29
movements the scapula performs during flexion + abduction of the shoulder
protraction elevation upward rotation
30
movements the SC joint performs during flexion + abduction of the shoulder
protraction (clavicle rolls and glides anterior on manubrium) posterior rotation with elevation (inferior slide, superior roll at disc)
31
movements the AC joint performs during flexion + abduction of the shoulder
upward rotation (in relation to clavicle)
32
the shoulder has __ rotary and ___ translatory degrees of freedom
3 3
33
what position of the GH joint is the most loose-packed (2)
abduction 40-50* horizontal adduction 30*
34
GH capsular pattern
ER abduction IR flexion
35
what direction dislocation is most common at the GH joint
anterior dislocation
36
superior GH ligament limits...
anterior and inferior translations
37
middle GH ligament limits...
ANY translations of humeral head up to 60*
38
3 parts of the inferior GH ligament + what they limit
anterior (ant/inf) posterior (post/inf) axillary pouch (inf)
39
increased inferior subluxation of GH happens with decrease in _________ function
supraspinatus
40
explain dynamic stabilization of GH using delts and RC
SITS muscles pull HH in and down while delt pulls HH superiorly --> this allows the GH joint to move in an "arch"
41
main 3 rotator cuff muscles involved in DYNAMIC stabilization of the GH joint
infra, teres minor, subscap
42
how do infra + teres minor help clear the greater tubercle during UE elevation
lateral rotation
43
supraspinatus importance for dynamic stabilization (3)
1. large rotary component 2. large moment arm for abduction 3. can be a prime mover
44
LHB job in GH dynamic stabilization (4)
1. can help with flexion and abduction 2. centers HH 3. reduces vertical and anterior shear 4. tightens labrum
45
when does the greatest shear force occur in the GH joint
between 30-60* elevation
46
when are RCTs most common
60+
47
common symptom of RCT
painful arc (60-120*)
48
during upward rotation, ______________ allows for good length-tension to be maintained in the glenohumeral muscles
scapulohumoral rhythm
49
muscles involved in force coupling of scapular upward rotation
upper trap, lower trap, and serratus anterior
50
when does the deltoid fully take over for the supraspinatus in shoulder abduction
after 60 degrees
51
is the activity of infra, teres minor, subscap greater in flexion or abduciton?
flexion
52
3 roles of rhomboids and levator scap in ST movement
elevate downward rotation eccentrically stabilize upward rotation
53
what is post delt's job in the shoulder complex
just to add joint compression, it is too small to do anything else
54
lat actions on humerus (3) + actions on scap (2)
h = adduction, extension, IR s = adduction, depression
55
pec minor action
depresses GH and scapula
56
what synergy happens with teres major and rhomboids
adduction and depression of humerus
57
levator scapulae action on ST joint
downward rotation of scap
58
joint surfaces still touch but are not in normal relation to each other
subluxation
59
symptoms of pain, tenderness, looseness, or feeling of "giving way"
instability
60
3 major force couples in the shoulder complex
1. deltoid-RC 2. upper trap-serratus anterior 3. anterior-posterior RC

movement science (4 decks)

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