Short-term Regulation of Arterial Pressure

Question 1

What receptors are involved in the body’s system of sensing blood pressure?

Answer 1

Baroreceptors

Question 2

Where are the three arterial baroreceptors located?

Answer 2

One in aortic arch

Two baroreceptors in the carotid sinus

Question 3

How do baroreceptors sense blood pressure?

Answer 3

They are highly sensitive to stretch. Wall stretching is proportional to pressure in the artery.

Question 4

Where are baroreceptor reflexes integrated?

Answer 4

The cardiovascular centre of the medulla onlongata

Question 5

What effect does an increase in baroreceptor rate of discharge have on sympathetic and parasympathetic neuron activity?

Answer 5

Sympathetic neuron activity decreases

Parasympathetic neuron activity increases

Question 6

How will a decrease in the baroreceptor rate of discharge cause an increase in blood pressure?

Answer 6

Decreased baroreceptor rate of discharge increases sympathetic neuron activity and decreases parasympathetic neuron activity to cause vasoconstriction. Increases plasma concentration of vasopressin and angiotensin II. Combined effect raises blood pressure

Question 7

There are baroreceptors other than the main three in the aortic arch and carotid sinus. T/F?

Answer 7

True

Question 8

There are stimuli acting on receptors other than baroreceptors that can cause short-term changes in blood pressure. These are?

Answer 8

Arterial oxygen concentration
Arterial carbon dioxide concentration
Blood flow to the brain
Pain (originating in skin = increased bp, originating in visceral organs = decreased bp)