short term effects of health and fitness on the body

Question 1

breathing rate increased
breathing depth (tidal volume) increases

Answer 1

more oxygen diffuses into the blood so it can be delivered to the working muscles.
more carbon dioxide can be removed from the body.
impact: an individual can work for longer without tiring.

Question 2

heart rate increases
stroke volume increases
cardiac output

Answer 2

more blood, containing oxygen, can be pumped to the working muscles
impact: an individual can exercise for longer without tiring

Question 3

blood pressure increases

Answer 3

the blood circulates around the body faster, increasing the pressure inside the blood vessels.
both systolic pressure and diastolic pressure increases
impact: the muscles can keep working for longer without tiring

Question 4

body tempreture increases

Answer 4

muscles cells burn glucose and fat to create energy. heat is produced during this process
impacts: high body temp can decrease performance. to prevent this blood vessels near to the surface of the skin dilate and heat is lost to the environment. when we sweat heat is taken away from the body too.

Question 5

hydration levels decrease

Answer 5

water levels in our body decrease when more water is lost through sweat then is taken in.
impacts: if the water is lost its not replaced, an athlete can overheat, which can decrease performance and can be harmful to health

Question 6

muscles begin to fatigue

Answer 6

muscles tire when there are insufficient levels of oxygen needed to keep on working.
lactic acid forms during anaerobic exercise. this increases muscle fatigue
impacts: the athlete will not be able to maintain the current level of performance

Question 7

delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS)

Answer 7

an aching that starts to be felt in the muscle around 24 hours after exercise. it is caused by tiny tears in the muscle which are made when we exercise at a higher intensity than normal
impacts: pain is felt, and an athlete may have smaller range of motion at the joint

Question 8

light-headedness

Answer 8

lack of hydration or sudden decrease in blood pressure because of overexertion
impacts: the individual may feel dizzy and unable to exercise effectively

Question 9

nausea

Answer 9

blood flow to the digestive tract and stomach is reduced because blood is redirected to the working muscles.
impacts: the individual may feel sick and unable to exercise effectively

Question 10

tiredness

Answer 10

this can be caused by: working hard for a long time, inappropriate training plans, insufficient sleep, insufficient hydration and nutrition