long term effects of health and fitness on the body

Question 1

improved cardiovascular endurance

Answer 1

the heart muscle becomes stronger and can pump more blood per beat. the respiratory muscles get stronger so more oxygen can be taken in. blood vessels improve and more blood capillaries develop at the alveoli and the muscles increasing the delivery of blood and oxygen to the working muscles
impacts: an athlete can keep working for longer aerobically without tiring.

Question 2

improve efficiency to use oxygen

Answer 2

stronger respiratory muscles and increased lung capacity means that more oxygen can be transported to the working muscles.
impacts: an athlete can keep working for longer aerobically without tiring

Question 3

lower blood pressure

Answer 3

the stronger the heart muscles means blood is pumped more easily .
the walls of the arteries become more elastic, reducing the pressure inside them
impact: it is safe to exercise and there is a lower risk of heart disease and stroke so an athlete can keep on training safely.

Question 4

decreased resting heart rate

Answer 4

the heart gets stronger and can pump more blood per beat. this means it doesn’t have to as many times per minute at rest.
impact: an athlete can perform specific activities at a lower heart rate

Question 5

cardiac hypertrophy

Answer 5

an increase of size and strength of the heart muscles and a decrease in resting blood pressure
impact: an athlete can keep working for longer without tiring

Question 6

improved muscular endurance

Answer 6

muscle mass and the number of capillaries in the muscle increases. more oxygen can be transported to the muscles by the blood.
impact: an athletes muscles can keep working for longer without tiring.

Question 7

improved muscular strength

Answer 7

when the muscle works against the resistance, the muscles fibers used to sustain minor damage. they are repaired in greater umbers and thicker then before making the muscles stronger and larger.
tendons and ligaments increase in strength
impact: an athlete can heaver weight or exert more force against a resistance. an athlete is less likely to sustain an injury

Question 8

improved resistance to fatigue

Answer 8

the body can take in and use oxygen more efficiently.
impacts: an individual can work for longer without tiring

Question 9

muscle hypertrophy

Answer 9

muscle mass increases.
impact: an athlete can heaver weight or exert more force against a resistance

Question 10

increased volume of red blood cells

Answer 10

red blood cells carry oxygen to the working muscles. when we train the number of red blood cells in the body increases. this mean that more oxygen can be delivered to the working muscles
impact: the athlete can work for longer without tiring

Question 11

improved flexibility

Answer 11

with regular adequate stretching muscles and tendons become more elastic so a joint can move through a greater range of motion
impacts: an athlete is less likely to get an injury

Question 12

body shape changed

Answer 12

there are three general body shapes: endomorph, mesomorph, ectomorph. if an individual trains these body shapes can change.