Short Answer Questiosn Flashcards
What are the parts of cell theory?
- All living things are composed of cells.
- Cells are the basic unit of life.
- All cells come from pre-existing cells.
What is the difference between Mitosis and Meiosis?
Mitosis results in two identical daughter cells, while Meiosis results in four genetically diverse gametes.
What phase of the cell cycle is the longest and what is the cell doing in that phase?
Interphase; the cell is growing and replicating its DNA.
How does sexual reproduction contribute to genetic variation?
By combining genetic material from two parents, leading to offspring with unique genetic combinations.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of sexual and asexual reproduction?
Advantages of sexual reproduction: genetic variation, can adapt to changing environment Disadvantages: requires two parents, takes lots of time and energy
Advantages of asexual reproduction: takes less time and energy Disadvantages: no genetic diversity, can’t adapt to different climates
Why is the microscope important for the advancement of biology?
It allows for the observation of cells and microorganisms that are too small to be seen with the naked eye.
Explain cloning and the pros/cons of cloning.
Cloning is the process of creating a genetically identical copy of an organism.
Pros: genetic uniformity, potential for disease resistance.
Cons: ethical concerns, reduced genetic diversity.
What is the difference between the coarse adjustment and fine adjustment?
Coarse adjustment is used for initial focusing, while fine adjustment is for precise focusing.
Explain a contraception method.
Condoms; they prevent sperm from entering the female reproductive tract.
What is the difference between artificial insemination and In Vitro Fertilization?
Artificial insemination involves directly inserting sperm into the female reproductive tract; In Vitro Fertilization involves fertilizing an egg outside the body and implanting it.
Provide examples of dominant and recessive traits.
Dominant traits: brown eyes, curly hair.
Recessive traits: blue eyes, straight hair.
Practice your punnett squares.
Punnett squares are used to predict the genetic outcome of a cross between two organisms.
Be able to label a flower.
Parts of a flower include: petals, sepals, stamens, pistil.
