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Science Final Flashcards

1
Q

What is a physical property?

A

A characteristic of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing the substance.
Ex) colour, texture, odour

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2
Q

What is a chemical property?

A

How a substance reacts when it interacts with another substance
Ex) flammability, reactivity, and chemical stability

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3
Q

What are physical changes?

A

Size, shape, state, or appearance changes
Reversible.
No new substance formed!

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4
Q

What are chemical changes?

A

any change that causes a new substance to be formed.

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5
Q

What is an atom?

A

a tiny particle, basic unit of matter

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6
Q

What are subatomic particles?

A

Protron, neutron, electron

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7
Q

what is a heterogeneous mixture?

A

a mixture where the composition is not uniform throughout the mixture

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8
Q

What is a Homogeneous mixture?

A

a mixture in which the composition is uniform throughout the mixture.

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9
Q

What is a homogeneous mixture

A

A homogeneous mixture is a mixture that looks uniform throughout

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10
Q

What is static electricity

A

the build up of a temporary electric charge in an object

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11
Q

What is friction

A

A force between two surfaces that rub against each other

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12
Q

What is voltage?

A

a measure of how strong the current is in a circuit

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13
Q

What is a current

A

The rate that electrons flow through a circuit

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14
Q

What is resistance

A

a force that counteracts the flow of current

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15
Q

What is a series circuit?

A

A circuit where there is only one path for current to flow

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16
Q

What is a parallel circuit

A

A circuit that has two or more paths for current to flow through

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17
Q

What is a closed circuit

A

A circuit that is complete and allows electricity to flow through it

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18
Q

What is a open circuit

A

A circuit that is not complete and does not allow electricity to flow through it

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19
Q

What is heredity?

A

The passing on of genes and genetic traits from parent to offspring

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20
Q

What is mitosis

A

a process of cell duplication, in which one eukaryotic cell divides into two genetically identical daughter cells

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21
Q

What is meiosis

A

a process in sexually reproducing organisms where a single cell divides twice to produce four cells containing half the original amount of genetic information

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22
Q

what is sexual reproduction

A

The method of reproduction in which the male sex cell fuses with the female reproductive cell

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23
Q

What is asexual reproduction

A

a type of reproduction where a new offspring is produced by a single parent

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24
Q

What are chromosomes

A

structures found in the nucleus of cells that carry long pieces of DNA

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25
What is DNA
the genetic information inside cells that are unique to every individual
26
What is the cell cycle
The process a cell goes through each time it divides
27
What is a geocentric model
A model of the universe where Earth is the centre
28
What is a heliocentric model
A model of the universe where the sun is the center
29
What is the solar system
a system of a Sun and the objects that move around it
30
What is a planet
a large object that revolves around the Sun in the solar system
31
What is nebula
a giant cloud of dust and gas in space
32
What is a gaseous planet
a large planet mostly composed of helium/hydrogen
33
What is a rocky planet?
A large planet mostly composed of rock/metal
34
What is a physical property for a apple
round
35
What is a physical property for gravel
grey
36
What is the difference between an element and a compound
An element is a pure substance that only has one type of atom. A compound has two or more different elements
37
What is the difference between heterogenous and homogeneous mixtures
In heterogenous mixtures you can visually see the different components. In heterogenous mixtures it looks uniform throughout
38
What are two examples of a physical change
size, shape
39
Three examples of mixtures(heterogenous) you can find in your home
peperoni pizza, chocolate chip cookies, salad mix
40
Three examples of solutions (homogenous)
Tea, Lemonade, Coffee
41
Which of the following is not static electricity? a) electricity through a wire b) touching a doorknob and getting shocked c) lightning strikes d) pulling clothes apart from the driver
a
42
What charge does protons have
positive
43
what charge do electrons have
negative
44
what charge do neutrons have
neutral
45
which particle moves to charge objects
Electrons
46
Three laws of electrical charge
-opposite charges attract -like charges repel -neutral and charges objects attrat
47
How are cancer cells diffrent from normal cells
they divide uncontrollably
48
After fertilization the resulting cell is called...
zygote
49
What is the diference between dominant and recessive traits in humans
Dominant traits are always expressed when a dominant allele is present ex) bB=B, BB=B Recessive traits are only expressed if there is two recessive allele present ex) bb=b, Bb=B
50
Why is mitosis a crucial point for living organisms
Because it helps them grow, develop, and repair damaged tissue
51
What are advantages of sexual reproduction
-more genetic diversity -can adapt to new enviorments -Chances of evolution increase
52
What are adavntages of asexual reproduction
-less energy/time -more offsprings -only requires one parent/sex
53
What are disadvantages of sexual repoduction
-requires two parents -takes lots of time/energy -produces few offsprings
54
What are disadvantages of asexual reporduction
-less genetic variation -may not survive in new/diffrent conditions -mutation easily passes to offsprings
55
Order the plants from closest to farthest from the sun
(My very educated mother just served us nachos) Mercury, venus, earth, mars, jupiter, saturn, uranus, neptune
56
What key event marked the big bang theory
The explosion of concentrated matter and energy
57
how old is the universe according to the big bang theory?
13.8 billion years
58
what is the smallest and largest planet
smallest: mercury largest: jupiter
59
what planet has the shortest year
mercury
60
which planet has an atmosphere of carbon dixoide?
venus, Earth, and mars
61
what are gas planets made of
Mainly helium/hydrogen
62
what are rock planets made of
Mostly silicate, rock, and metal
63
64
What is a trait
A characteristic that is passed down from a parent that presents in an offspring
65
What is a characteristic
Genes that are inherited from the parent

Science (4 decks)

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