Shoot Physiology Flashcards
What is the node and internode of a shoot?
Leaves are attached to the stem at the node, the internode is the part of the stem between two nodes.
What is the petiole?
Leaves are attached at the node by the petiole. (kinda leaf stem)
What is the apical meristem?
The growth region found in the terminal bud at the tip of the stem.
What is an axillary bud?
Buds located near the nodes.
What is chlorenchyma?
Photosynthetic parenchyma that contains chloroplasts.
What are the two main layers in leaf tissue?
The spongy mesophyll: made of irregular chlorenchyma cells, contains large intercellular spaces and makes up the bulk of the leaf.
The palisade parenchyma: below the upper epidermis, made of regularly organised narrow chlorenchyma cells.
What is collenchyma?
A supportive tissue for growing stems and leaves, these cells have thick cellulose-rich primary cell walls.
What does vascular tissue do?
Organised in the shoot as bundles, vascular tissue transports water, nutrients and carbohydrates.
What is sclerenchyma?
Sclerenchyma tissue provides mechanical support, in particular as a sheath of fibre cells around vascular bundles Cells in mature sclerenchyma are dead and have a thick lignified wall.
What is secondary growth?
Radial growth (thickening) of stems and roots.
Doesn’t occur in monocots.
