Shock and DIC syndrome

Question 1

What are the reasons for DIC in obstetrics?

Answer 1

Placental Abruption 
Placenta Previa 
Placenta accreta 
Postpartum hemorrhage 
Septic Abortion 
Pre-eclampsia, eclampsia

Question 2

What is shock? What are the consequences?

Answer 2

Generalised insiffieicency of perfusion to organs and tissues. Leads to hypoxia and Multi organ failure

Question 3

Types of shock

Answer 3

Hypovolemic shock (reduced volume - dehydration, hemorrhagic shock 
Cardiogenic shock 
Distributive shock 
Obstructive shock 
Ananphylactic shock

Question 4

Reason for hemorrhage in Obstetrics

Answer 4

Placental abruption
Placenta previa
Placenta acretta 
Ruptured uterus 
Hypotony of uterus (blood vessels do not contract) 
Coagulopathies

Question 5

Stages of shock

Answer 5

Stage 1 - compensated. Vasospasm of peripheral arteries - > centralisation of blood and sufficient perfusion of organs
Stage 2 - decompensated - maximal compensation methods but tissue perfusion is reduced
Stage 3 - Irreversible - vital organ perfusion badly impaired.

Question 6

What is Amniotic fluid embolism?

Answer 6

Amniotic fluid enters blood, contains inflammatory mediators Eg surfactant, interleukins. Enter Pulmonary circulation and causes anaphylactoid reaction.

Leads to cardiorespiratory collapse.

Question 7

How does Septic shock progress?

Answer 7

SIRS (increased heart rate, increased temp) - > Sepsis (clinical evidence of infection) - > Septic shock (severe Hypotension) - > MODS (ARDS, AKI, Liver dysfunc)