Shock Flashcards

1
Q

What is the ‘formula’ for BP?

A

BP= CO x SVR

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2
Q

What is the ‘formula’ for mean arterial pressure? (MAP)

A

MAP = (CO x SVR) + CVP

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3
Q

Early signs in shock:

A

Increased RR, restlessness, anxiety, Irritability

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4
Q

Late signs in shock:

A

Pallor, tachycardia, slow capillary refill, decreased BP, increased HR, weak peripheral pulses,

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5
Q

What are the four types of shock?

A

Cardiogenic, Distributive, Obstructive, Hypovolemic

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6
Q

What is Cardiogenic shock?

A

The heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the metabolic demands of the body.

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7
Q

Cardiogenic shock: Loss of Contractbility Dx

A

AMI, RV Pump failure, LV Aneurysm, Myocardial contusion, acute myocarditis, toxic global LV dysfunction, dysrhythmias/ heart blocks, end-stage cardiomyopathy

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8
Q

Cardiogenic shock: Mechanical impairment of blood flow Dx

A

Vavular disease, aortic dissection, PE, Pericardial tamponade, ventricular septal wall rupture

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9
Q

What is hypovolemic Shock?

A

Fluid (usually blood) overflows into the intravascular space, or Loss of fluids.

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10
Q

Hypovolemic shock: Trauma Dx

A

Solid organ injury, myocardial laceration/rupture, vascular injury, Fx, laceration, epistaxis, Burn

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11
Q

Hypovolemic Shock: GI Tract

A

Esophageal varices, ulcer disease, gastritis/esophagitis, Malignancies, Ischemic bowel disease, pancreatitis

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12
Q

What is Obstructive Shock?

A

Inability of the heart to fill properly, outflow obstruction.

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13
Q

Obstructive Shock Causes:

A

Tension Pneumo, PE, cardiac tamponade, aortic dissection/aneurysm, vena-caval compression

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14
Q

What is Distributive Shock?

A

neurogenic shock, anaphylaxis, sepsis

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15
Q

Neurogenic Dx

A

Spinal cord injury, spinal anesthetic

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16
Q

Anaphylaxis Dx

A

Drugs: Penicillin, Aspirin,
Foods: shellfish, soy, eggs,
Other: XRay contrast media, insect parts/mold

17
Q

Sepsis: Dx

A

Known infection, SIRS Criteria, Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Renal, CNS

18
Q

Three Stages Of Shock:

A
  1. Compensated
  2. Decompensated
  3. Irreversible (Death)
19
Q

Compensated Shock :

A

The body’s compensatory mechanisms are still able to maintain some degree of tissue perfusion.

20
Q

Decompensated Shock:

A

The body’s compensatory mechanisms are no longer able to maintain tissue perfusion.

21
Q

Irreversible Shock:

A

Tissue and cellular damage is so massive that the organism will die even if perfusion can be restored. The ultimate result is death.