SHOCK

Question 1

TO BODY ORGANS AND TISSUES CAUSING LIFETHREATENING CELLULAR DYSFUNCTION

Answer 1

INADEQUATE BLOOD FLOW (PERFUSION

Question 2

HEMODYNAMIC TERMS: amount of blood pumped into the aorta from the left ventricle

Answer 2

STROKE VOLUME

Question 3

HEMODYNAMIC TERMS: amount of blood pumped into the aorta by the ventricle in one minute

Answer 3

CARDIAC OUTPUT

Question 4

A pulse point that control scalp bleeding

Answer 4

TEMPORAL

Question 5

A pulse point that control head and neck bleeding

Answer 5

CAROTID

Question 6

A pulse point that control bleeding in
axilla, shoulder, and
upper chest

Answer 6

SUBCLAVIAN

Question 7

A pulse point that control arm bleeding

Answer 7

BRACHIAL

Question 8

A pulse point that controls bleeding in heand and wrist

Answer 8

RADIAL

Question 9

A pulse point that controls upper leg bleeding

Answer 9

FEMORAL

Question 10

A pulse point in the back of knee, to control lower leg bleeding

Answer 10

POPLITEAL

Question 11

SNS: It increases heart rate, contractility and peripheral vasoconstriction

Answer 11

CATECHOLAMINES

Question 12

TYPES OF SHOCK: Most common
–Etiology: HEMORRHAGE, BURNS, SEVERE DEHYDRATION, THIRD SPACE LOST, USE OF DIURETICS

Answer 12

HYPOVOLEMIC SHOCK

Question 13

LOSS OF LARGE AMOUNT OF BLOOD INTERNALLY OR EXTERNALLY – ARTERIAL, VENOUS OR CAPILLARY

Answer 13

HEMORRHAGE

Question 14

TYPES OF SHOCK: Pumping ability of the heart is compromised
–Etiology: MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, CARDIAC AREST, LEFT AND RIGHT-SIDED HEART FAILURE

Answer 14

CARDIOGENIC SHOCK

Question 15

TYPES OF SHOCK: Venous return or cardiac pumping action impeded because of obstruction
–Etiology: pulmonary embolism, pneumothorax

Answer 15

OBSTRUCTIVE SHOCK

Question 16

TYPES OF SHOCK: Widespread vasodilatation
–Decreased peripheral resistance

Answer 16

DISTRIBUTIVE (VASOGENIC OR CIRCULATORY) SHOCK

Question 17

LEADING CAUSE OF DEATH in ICUs
–Phases : WARM (early) vs COLD phase (late)

Answer 17

SEPTIC SHOCK

Question 18

Imbalance between parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous stimulation of vascular smooth muscle, resulting in sustained vasodilatation

Answer 18

NEUROGENIC SHOCK

Question 19

Widespread hypersensitivity reaction
–Vasodilatation as a result of hypovolemia and altered cellular metabolism
–Allergic reaction leading to histamine release

Answer 19

ANAPHYLACTIC SHOCK

Question 20

____ increase capillary permeability and massive vasodilatation

Answer 20

HISTAMINES

Question 21

_____ is the drug of choice given to reverse the vasodilatation

Answer 21

EPINEPHRINE

Question 22

TYPES OF IVF in SHOCK : dextrose or electrolyte solutions)

Answer 22

CRYSTALLOIDS

Question 23

Types of IVF in Shock: fluids stay intravascularly
increasing the ONCOTIC PRESSURE (albumin, dextran, plasma protein)

Answer 23

COLLOIDS

Question 24

Transfusion reaction: urticaria, pruritus

Answer 24

HYPERSENSITIVITY

Question 25

Transfusion Reaction: fever, chills, urticaria, nausea, vomiting, left flank pain, abdominal pain

Answer 25

HEMOLYTIC REACTION

Question 26

This is the most common type of circulatory shock and is caused by widespread infection.

Answer 26

THE WARM PHASE

Question 27

The HYPODYNAMIC or irreversible phase

Answer 27

COLD PHASE