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151/23/007 > Ship Technology > Flashcards

Ship Technology Flashcards

1
Q

What are docking strains?

A

Temporary static forces imposed on the ships structure during docking periods
Ships hull is no longer supported by the water, the ships hull tends to settle in a state of hog on the docking blocks

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2
Q

Draw docking strains/ aft cut up shores

A

Docket

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3
Q

Draw and describe hogging

A

Docket
Ship is supported midships by the wave crest while the ends are unsupported

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4
Q

Draw and describe sagging

A

Docket
Hull is supported at each end by the crests of adjacent waves while midships is unsupported

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5
Q

Draw and describe racking

A

Docket
External force (wind or wave) on one side of the vessel will tend to change the section so that the sides are no longer perpendicular to the ships bottom

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6
Q

What is B quality steel used for

A

Highly stressed areas of the ships structure where crack arresting properties are required

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7
Q

What is BX steel

A

Improved quality of B quality over 18mm thick

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8
Q

When is grade D steel used

A

Main ships structure except in highly stressed areas and where crack arresting properties are required

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9
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of aluminium

A

Adv
Density is 1/3 of that of steel and strength 1/2 of steel
Disadv
Aluminium looses strength at 250°C and melts at 650°C
Structural uses are severely limited and not used for primary structures, ladders or deck plates

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10
Q

When is aluminium used

A

Where weight is an important consideration and for minor bulkheads

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11
Q

Advantages of steel

A

Weldable
Strong
Relatively cheap
Available
Ductile

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12
Q

Disadvantages of steel

A

Corrodes
Heavy
Magnetic
Subject to failure

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13
Q

What is the definition of ductile

A

Ability to define before failure

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14
Q

What is the definition of toughness

A

Ability to absorb energy

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15
Q

What is the definition of strength

A

Ability to resist deformation and retain its shape

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16
Q

Describe the 3 categories of structure

A

Primary, contributes to main structural strength and maintains water tight integrity

Secondary, doesn’t contribute to structural strength but does contribute to water tight integrity and supports local loads

Minor, doesn’t contribute to structural strength or watertight integrity

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17
Q

Describe the keel

A

Flat and vertical keels run fwd to aft
Maximum strengths is at midships to resist against hogging and sagging
Vertical keel is designed maximum strength to resist forces encountered when docking
Where access holes are cut in vertical keel a rider plate must be fitted for the loss of strength

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18
Q

Label the strength members of structure

A

Docket

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19
Q

What is the purpose of the water tight subdivision

A

Divide the buoyant volume of the shop into smaller compartments and preserve the largest amount of buoyancy in the event of the hull being damaged
The underwater volume and a large amount above must be made watertight
The closer the subdivision the more unsinkable a ship becomes

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20
Q

What parts of the ship contribute to water tight integrity?

A

Decks
Bulkheads
Double bottoms
Collision zone

21
Q

Describe the function of main transverse bulkheads

A

Effectively divide the hull of the ship into separate sections
Overall stiffening of the ships structure
Reduce effects of damage to the ship
Withstand pressures associated with flooded compartments
Valves fitted when ships systems pass through main transverse bulkheads

22
Q

What is the function of a collision bulkhead

A

Provide watertight barrier from 1 deck to the keel in event of damage to the bow section
Resists hydrodynamic pressure upto cruising speed

23
Q

What is the function of a deck?

A

Strength members acting horizontally to maintain the hull shape
Form water tight subdivision
Act as platforms and boundary’s of compartments and support equipment
Worked intercostally to the MTB (except strength deck)

24
Q

What is the strength deck

A

Uppermost continuous deck from the neutral axis
Made of B quality steel

25
Q

What is the superstructure

A

All structure above the strength deck
Offices, accommodation, workshops and hanger
Additional support for bridge funnel masts and weapon directors
Contributes little to structural strength
Supported by MTBs underneath
Local stiffening is provided for RAS/davits
Aluminium may be used where weight is a consideration

26
Q

How are water tight hatches fitted

A

Extending the rider plate which prevents water from spilling into the compartment below

27
Q

What are the two groups of hatches and how are they secured

A

Normally closed at sea- tumbler bolts
Access to compartments normally manned or frequently visited - clips

28
Q

What is fitted when a hatch is cut into to the deck

A

Carlings and half beams to compensate for the loss in strength

29
Q

Describe shaft brackets

A

Supports the weight of the shaft
Strong enough to support the loss of a propeller blade

30
Q

What does each shaft bracket consist of

A

Barrel
Arms
Palms

31
Q

What bearing is used in the barrel

A

NF21 or Orkot

32
Q

Describe the palms

A

Welded to longitudinale or vertical floors in the ships structure
Fitted parallel to she ships structure
Shell of B quality steel is welded to the palm and ships shell where it passes through the hull

33
Q

What are the 4 types of corrosion

A

Oxidation
Electrolytic
Bacterial
Chemical

34
Q

What 2 organisations assist with surveys?

A

Lloyds register
MCTA Hull survey team

35
Q

When are the NSSC conducted?

A

Initial survey
Renewal survey
Periodic survey

36
Q

What is the periodicity of the NSSC?

A

Survey on an annual basis may be required for certain ships that are known to have particular deficiencies
All surveys should take place within plus or minus 3 months

37
Q

Why are surveys undertaken?

A

Ensure hull, upper deck, structure, compartments fixtures and and fittings are kept to a high standard
Ensure water and gas tight integrity of the ship

38
Q

How is corrosion recorded?

A

Depth and area of corrosion
Light surface, less than 1mm
Medium surface more than 1mm but less than 70% of plate thickness
Heavy more than 70% of plate thickness

39
Q

How can the area of corrosion be described?

A

Localised
Scattered
Extensive

40
Q

When is compartments air testing carried out?

A

Every 6 years
If work carried out on compartment boundaries
If in doubt of water tight/ gas tight integrity

41
Q

What compartments is air testing carried out in?

A

Red risk zone
Flammable gases or ammunition
Boundaries of compartments with halon or carbon dioxide drench systems

42
Q

Safety precautions to be observed when air testing?

A

Don’t station a person in compartment where only 1 entry/ exit point
Don’t leave person in too long when carrying out vacuum test
Maintain positive communication with the person
All pressure is released from compartment prior to releasing the door

43
Q

What is the gutter strake?

A

Middle line of inner bottom plating forming the rider to the vertical keel

44
Q

Why are anchors and cables surveyed?

A

Ensure it is fit for purpose and not unduly worn

45
Q

Who carries out the survey for cables and anchors?

A

A surveyor from an approved classification society
Or
An authorised navel base personnel

46
Q

What qualifications are required to carry out survey on anchors and cables

A

Appropriate training
Accredited qualifications
Hold responsible officer status.

47
Q

What is the procedure for surveying ladders?

A

Check security of fastenings on all treads
Check handles for distortion and security
Check stringers for distortion and corrosion
Check backplate for security and noise
Check hinge positions for security and distortion
Checked in accordance with maintenance schedule

48
Q

What 4 strength members prevent hogging and sagging?

A

Decks
Longitudinals
Keel
Double bottom

151/23/007 (10 decks)

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