Sherpath Ch. 10: Family-Centered Care

Question 1

Family-centered nursing practice focuses on

Answer 1

empowering families to use existing skills and resources, removing or reducing barriers to health care, and helping where family skills are lacking

Question 2

stages of caregiving

Answer 2

-awareness: Includes recognition and increasing mindfulness of the family’s needs, changes in health, and/or behavioral changes that signal the need for some level of caregiving.

-responsibility: Health providers have the responsibility of assessing, understanding, and providing care based on family needs

-care demands:
Early tasks may involve monitoring clinical symptoms and medications, managing household tasks, communicating with health professionals, and providing emotional support to the family member. Tasks can expand, over time, to providing self-care tasks, surrogate decision-making, and specialized medical care

-end of life and bereavement: These phases may involve repeat hospitalizations, nursing home care, and possibility of aging/dying in place. Palliative treatment may be necessary, and the burden of caregiving demands may add significant stress on the family unit.

Question 3

nursing responsibilities in a family-centered approach are:

Answer 3

-The need for information – be an educator
-The need for reassurance and support – be a considerate communicator
-The need for family closeness and involvement – empower the family as care partners
-assist in reducing barriers to health and health care
-facilitate transitions

Question 4

understanding family environment

Answer 4

interpersonal
family
community
society

Question 4

roles in family caregiving:
-nursing roles vs family members’ role

Answer 4

nursing roles:
-Provide a nurturing and listening environment.
-Assess family and individual dynamics (openness, communication, flexibility, self-efficacy) and caregiver experience to determine family needs.
-Maintain open communication with all family members.
-Develop a plan, with family members, to assist family needs.
-Determine family’s skills (self-efficacy) and understanding of health care needs.
-Provide education to family members and caregivers related to family needs

-family members’ roles:
-Provide open communication between family members and care providers.
-Participate in health care discussions to assist in decision-making.
-Share joys and disappointments to facilitate open discussion.
-Question what is not understood

Question 5

Health promotion and wellness incorporates four focal points for nursing in family care that include

Answer 5

(1) patient advocacy
(2) enabling the family to be partners in care
(3) open communication, increased self-efficacy, and a nurturing environment
(4) education—providing individual and family-based education of healthy habits supporting wellness

Question 6

family dynamics are

Answer 6

openness, communication, flexibility, self-efficacy

Question 7

family dynamics: acute care needs

Answer 7

-Communication: assist the family in communicating the individual and family needs during acute care, considering the following factors of Resource management, Caregiving needs, Family culture may prevent families from speaking about more personal issues

-Openness: encourage family members to be open about their feelings related to acute care needs of a family member.

-Flexibility: care may be structured in the acute care setting, but needs may change after discharge.

Self-efficacy: Understand the family’s confidence in health care skills. Determine how a family’s cultural beliefs may impact caregiving. Allow family members to participate in care at the level they are comfortable; this improves outcomes and reduces costs

Question 8

family dynamics: restorative and continuing care needs

Answer 8

Transition issues:
-Communication: the patient is often distant from the family; therefore communication is important to maintain a feeling of safety, security, and confidence in their absence.

-Openness: maintain an open approach to understanding and advocating for the family’s well-being and the patient’s well-being, including possible sensitive health care discussions.

-Flexibility: care may be less restrictive than acute care, allowing more family members interaction. Family and provider flexibility allows patient/family recovery to continue.

-Continuing care has greater needs for the duration of an individual’s life, impacting the family unit.

-Self-efficacy allows the family to perform skills they are confident in doing. A family with little self-efficacy can benefit from education, training, and practice

Question 9

What measure is essential for effective family caregiving as a family member transitions to continuing care?

Answer 9

Being open and explaining that caregiving will be needed for the remainder of the family member’s life