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Shells Science > Shells Chemistry > Flashcards

Shells Chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

What two chemicals are used to test for the presence of water and what colour change is seen if water is there?

A

Anhydrous copper sulphate goes from white to blue Cobalt chloride goes from blue to pink

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2
Q

What is the percentage of oxygen in the air?

A

21%

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3
Q

What is the percentage of nitrogen in the air?

A

78%

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4
Q

What is the percentage of carbon dioxide in the air?

A

0.03%

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5
Q

Approximately 1% of the air is made up of “other gases” what are these gases?

A

Mainly argon and water vapour

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6
Q

What is the reactivity series for metals? From most to least reactive (include hydrogen and carbon).

A

Potassium, sodium, (lithium), calcium, magnesium, aluminium, carbon, zinc, iron, tin, lead, hydrogen, copper, silver, gold, platinum.

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7
Q

What is the name given to the type of reaction where a more reactive element pushes a less reactive on from a compound?

A

Displacement reaction.

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8
Q

What is used to test whether a liquid is acidic or alkali?

A

Universal indicator paper or litmus paper

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9
Q

What colour does litmus paper go in acid?

A

red

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10
Q

What colour does litmus paper go in alkali?

A

Blue

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11
Q

What colour does universal indicator go in weak acid (pH 5-6)?

A

Yellow

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12
Q

What colour does universal indicator go in medium alkali (pH 10-11)?

A

Blue

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13
Q

What is the pH of a strong acid?

A

1 or 2

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14
Q

What is the pH of a strong alkali?

A

13 -14

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15
Q

Vinegar is a medium acid, what colour would it go in universal indicator?

A

Orange

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16
Q

Magnesium oxide dissolves to make a weak alkali solution, what colour will it go in universal indicator?

A

blue

17
Q

The liquid from wasp stings turn universal indicator blue. What does this tell us about the pH of the liquid. What could be used to neutralise it?

A

It is alkali and could be neutralised by a weak acid e.g. vinegar.

18
Q

What colour would you expect universal indicator to go in juice from a human stomach?

A

Red

19
Q

Is boiling easily reversed?

A

yes

20
Q

Is melting easily reversed?

A

yes

21
Q

Is neutralisation easily reversed?

A

no, it is a chemical reaction

22
Q

What gas is formed when metals react with acids or when more reactive metals react with water?

A

hydrogen

23
Q

How do you test to prove that a gas is hydrogen

A

A lit splint gives a squeaky pop.

24
Q

How do you test to prove that a gas is carbon dioxide?

A

Limewater turns from clear to cloudy when carbon dioxide is passed through it.

25
Q

How do you test to prove a gas is oxygen?

A

It will relight a glowing splint.

26
Q

What is a fuel?

A

A substance (normally a hydrocarbon) which is burned to release energy.

27
Q

Give the word equation for complete combustion of a hydrocarbon fuel.

A

hydrocarbon+oxygen –> carbon dioxide + water + energy

28
Q

What is formed when there is not enough oxygen for complete combustion of a fuel?

A

carbon monoxide + carbon (soot) + water

29
Q

Sodium reacts with water, what two other metals did we see behave in a similar way?

A

Potassium and lithium (alkali metals, group 1)

30
Q

What is meant by the pH of a liquid?

A

How acidic or alkaline it is.

31
Q

What is an element?

A

A substance containing only one type of atom.

32
Q

What is a compound?

A

A substance containing two or more types of atom chemically bonded together.

33
Q

Carbonates break down when heated strongly. What name is given to this type of reaction?

A

thermal decomposition

34
Q

What gas is released when carbonates are thermally decomposed?

A

Carbon dioxide

35
Q

What would you expect to happen to the mass of a carbonate as it is heated?

A

It will decrease as carbon dioxide is released.

36
Q

What do iron, magnesium and sodium have in common?

A

They are all metals so they all conduct electiricy and are shiny.

37
Q

What pH woul dyou expect water to be? What does this mean?

A

pH 7 - neutral

Shells Science (3 decks)

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