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KPER 1200 terms > Shelley's Terminology for Exam 2 > Flashcards

Shelley's Terminology for Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Darwin’s theory

A

Darwin taught us that learning is the survival mechanism we use to adapt to constantly changing environments

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2
Q

what has a significant bearing on a students academic performance

A

Learning, memory, concentration, and mood

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3
Q

PA presents a physiological stress to the brain that , when balanced with recovery…

A

… promotes adaptation, growth, preserves brain function & enables the brain to respond to future challenges (learns)

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4
Q

Brain is flexible - plastic -

A

an adaptable organ that can be molded by input

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5
Q

Synapse

A

Synapse - the junction between cell branches

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6
Q

Axon

A

Axon - the outgoing branch

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7
Q

Neurotransmitter

A

Neurotransmitter - carries the message across the synapse

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8
Q

Dendrite

A

Dendrite - the receiving branch

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9
Q

Glutamate - neurotransmitter -

A

stirs up activity

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10
Q

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) - neurotransmitter -

A

clamps down on activity

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11
Q

The more the connection is activated…_________

A

… the stronger the attraction becomes

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12
Q

Serotonin

A

Serotonin - influences mood, impulsivity, anger & aggressiveness

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13
Q

Norepinephrine

A

amplifies signals that influence attention, perception, motivation & arousal

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14
Q

Dopamine

A

learning reward (satisfaction), attention and movement

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15
Q

BDNF

A

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor

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16
Q

what does BDNF do in the body?

A

BDNF - builds and maintains the cell circuitry

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17
Q

what causes a synapses to swell?

A

Repeated activation, or practice, causes the synapses themselves to swell and make stronger connections

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18
Q

Exercise can help improve our _________by creating a _________ environment for learning

A

state of mind, conducive

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19
Q

Exercise also strengthens the cellular machinery of learning - during this time, what happens to the BDNF?

A

Exercise also strengthens the cellular machinery of learning - it increase the BDNF which in turn gives the synapses the tools they need to take in information, process it, associate it, remember it and put it into context.

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20
Q

Exercise improves learning on what three levels?

A
  • It optimizes your mind-set to improve alertness, attention and motivation
  • It prepares and encourages nerve cells to bind to one another
  • It spurs the development of new nerve cells from stem cells in the hippocampus
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21
Q

The challenge that still exists - PA

A
  • Which type of physical activity is best?

- How long do you have to move to have these benefits?

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22
Q

Your attention circuit in the brain is influence by the___________

A

emotion circuit

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23
Q

Emotion circuits are more easily activated by ___________

A

the negative

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24
Q

amygdala

A

Affects the interaction of emotion and attention

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25
Q

anterior cingulate

A

Affects the interaction of emotion and attention

26
Q

emotional brain bias;

A

the amygdala’s response is not under conscious control

27
Q

The dorsal anterior cingulate pays particular attention to:

A

pain, to mistakes you make, or to times when something might have gone wrong

28
Q

ventral anterior cingulate mediates feelings of:

A

optimism and helps rein in the amygdala

29
Q

Ratio of positive to negative

A

3: 1
- We need three positive encounters to every negative one
- Average ratio - it can be higher or lower

30
Q

Mood Congruent Attentional Bias

A
  • When your mood gets worse, so does your brain’s negative bias
  • Being in a bad mood increase amygdala reactivity
31
Q

Law of Inertia

The same mood bias can accelerate the upward spiral -

A

The same mood bias can accelerate the upward spiral - when you notice something positive or improve your mood just a bit, your emotion and attention circuits like to keep it rolling

32
Q

Practicing Non-judgemental Awareness

A

Awareness does not require emotion

33
Q

Awareness does not require emotion; if you were to get triggered, try to calm down by doing the following:

A

Noticing a mistake might automatically trigger the emotional amygdala, but becoming aware of your own reaction activates the prefrontal cortex, which calms the amygdala

34
Q

A form of mindfulness that simply means noticing without reacting emotionally:

A

Even when things don’t turn out as you expected

35
Q

Lower Amygdala Reactivity with a:

A

hug

36
Q

A hug, especially a long one, releases:

A

a neurotransmitter and hormone called oxytocin, with reduces the reactivity of the amygdala

37
Q

Heart Math Technique

A
  • Heart Focus
  • Heart Breathing
  • Heart Feeling
38
Q

SOCCA

A 
Stop 
Oxygenate (Breathe)
Care
Compassion
Appreciation
39
Q

Definition of Social Wellness

A
  • Satisfying relationship; physical and emotional health
  • WE need to have mutually loving, supportive people in our lives
  • Expands to beyond you to contributing to your community, country & world
40
Q

Developing interpersonal wellness means:

A

learning good communication skills, develop the capacity for intimacy & cultivating a support network

41
Q

Organization of Social Relationships (SR)

  • principle one
  • principle two
  • principle three
A
  1. The organization of SR is that they are restricted
  2. Not random, but are sorted primarily along social class and it’s components: income, education, race and culture, neighborhood or residence and language
  3. SR are highly stable
42
Q

What are the challenges with the patterns & principles of SR?

A

SR is actually orderly, predictable and highly conservative in that these relationships tend to maintain, reproduce, and repeat themselves (unless an opposing force is introduced)

43
Q

Propinquity

A

Physical proximity of people - predictable travel patterns - 5 to 50 places

44
Q

Joint activity

A

The most reliable and potent force influencing the development of affinities - working together towards a common objective or to produce something creates common motives

45
Q

Intersubjectivity; give an example

A

The world-as-experienced, perceptions, interpretations, meanings, and values shared between or among people; the shared meanings come from using common cognitive strategies, and problem solving and by developing a shared language & through shared feelings
-example - a small cohort of students working on their degree

46
Q

Affinity

A
  • a liking, a feeling of being liked and felt kinship and inclination toward relationship
  • not all SR have affinity
  • when affinity is present, relationship formation and maintenance are facilitated
  • affinity is what the marketing world uses
47
Q

Four Reasons to Participate in Sport:

A
  • Achievement
  • Sensation
  • Self Direction
  • Affiliation
48
Q

(CSEP)

A

Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology

49
Q

(CSEP) Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology

A

a voluntary organization composed of professionals interested and involved in the scientific study of exercise physiology, exercise biochemistry, fitness and health

50
Q

Tolerance

A

Need for increased amount of exercise to achieve desired effect

51
Q

Children (5-11 years) and Youth (12-17 years)

A

60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily

52
Q

Adults (18-64 years)

A

To achieve health benefits, adults aged 18-64 years should accumulate at least 150 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity aerobic physical activity per week, in bouts of 10 minutes or more.

53
Q

Older Adults (65 years and older)

A

To achieve health benefits and improve functional abilities, adults aged 65 years and older should accumulate at least 150 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity aerobic physical activity per week, in bouts of 10 minutes or more

54
Q

Fitness withdrawal symptoms

A

Withdrawal symptoms - Anxiety, fatigue, disturbed sleep when exercise is missed

55
Q

Intensity Effects

A

Exercise often lasts longer or is carried out with more intensity or frequency than originally intended

56
Q

Loss of Control

A

PA is carried out despite a persistent desire to cut down or control it

57
Q

Anorexia Nervosa

A
  • Refusal to maintain a body weight at or above a healthy weight for age and height
  • Intense fear of gaining weight
  • Disturbed experience of body weight or shape
  • Amenorrhea – failure to menstruate
58
Q

Bulimia Nervosa:

A
  • Recurrent binge eating
  • Lot of food in short period of time (2 hours)
  • Lack of control over eating during this period
  • Compensatory behaviour to prevent weight gain (>= 2 x per week for 3 months)
  • Self-evaluation heavily influenced by weight and shape
59
Q

Overall goal - reduce physical inactivity in Canadians by what percentage?

A

10%!

60
Q

What percentage of early years kids are not meeting the 24 hour movement guidelines?

School aged kids 5-17 meeting the 24 hour movement guidelines is what percentage?

A
  • 60%

- 35%

61
Q

Canadians get what letter grade for physical activity?

A

D

62
Q

What percentage of increase of Canadians meeting the guidelines for physical activity equate to?
There would be a huge decrease in healthcare, but how much money would be saved by doing so?

A

10% increase of Canadian meeting (just meeting) the guidelines for physical activity equates to a decrease in healthcare costs of 2.6 billion

KPER 1200 terms (4 decks)

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