Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Nutrition exam 3 > Sheep/goat nutrition > Flashcards

Sheep/goat nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

when are sheep and goats bred

A

fall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

how long is sheep gestation

A

147d

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

when do you wean sheep

A

60-120 days (minimum 6 weeks, consuming 8 oz of starter per day, weigh 3x birthweight)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

how long is goat gestation

A

150 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how long do dairy goats lactate

A

305 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

how long is dairy goat dry period

A

last 60 days of pregnancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

target body condition score for ewe during breeding

A

3-3.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

target body condition score for ewe during lambing

A

2.5-3.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

4 places to measure body condition score

A
  1. prominence of spinous process of lumbar vertebrae
  2. fat cover over transverse processes
  3. ease with which fingers pass under ends of transverse processes
  4. fullness of eye muscle area
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

when during breeding is BCS determined

A

6-8 weeks before beginning of mating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

lambing risks if too thin

A
  • pregnancy toxemia
  • weak lambs –> too little fat, hypothermia
  • poor colostrum and milk production
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

lambing risks if too fat

A
  • pregnancy toxemia
  • vaginal prolapse
  • dystocia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is pregnancy toxemia

A

excessive fat breakdown –> ketones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

how do protein needs for sheep change with age

A

decrease as weight/age go up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

purpose of mineral feeders

A

provide ad lib free choice, environmentally protected trace mineral/salt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

how is rotational grazing best accomplished

A

subdividing pasture into smaller paddocks, often using portable electronic fence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

do sheep or goats browse more

A

goats

18
Q

do goats like to eat with their heads up or down

A

up –> reduces internal parasites

19
Q

what goats might need additional supplementation

A

replacements, first kid does, thin does

20
Q

how much corn can you feed

A

less than 0.4% of BW

21
Q

urinary calculi causes

A
  • nutritional imbalances (esp high grain)

- too much phosphorus

22
Q

how to treat urinary calculi

A
  • increase salt in ration to 4-5% –> higher water intake and diuresis
  • urine acidification
23
Q

sheep and copper

A
  • need 5-10ppm, 20ppm is max safe dose
  • interacts with molybdenum
  • when molybdenum <1ppm, normal copper levels are toxic
  • selenium supplementation will increase copper utilization
24
Q

signs of copper toxicity

A
  • hematuria
  • icterus** (skin, sclera, omentum)
  • depression
  • anorexia
  • weakness
  • excessive thirst
  • hemoglobinemia
  • hemorrhagic enteritis
  • sudden death
  • uremia
25
Q

what to rule out before diagnosing copper toxicity

A
  • toxic plants
  • eperythrozoa
  • onion poisoning
  • leptospirosis
26
Q

how do diagnose copper toxicity

A
  • liver copper analysis

- kidney copper analysis

27
Q

copper:molybdenum ratios

A

6-7:1, >10:1 leads to toxicity, <4:1 leads to deficiency

28
Q

copper deficiency

A
  • rare in sheep, common in cattle, can happen in goats

- caused by excessive sulfates or molybdenum

29
Q

signs of copper deficiency

A
  • diarrhea
  • poor weight gains
  • light colored hair coats
  • anemia
  • unthrifty appearance
  • uncoordinated <2 month kids born to deficient does
30
Q

iodine deficiency (goiter)

A
  • born with enlarged thyroids or dead/weak/without hair
  • no changes in appearance of adults
  • reduced yield
  • prevent by giving iodized salt
31
Q

selenium needs of sheep

A
  • absorption best when adequate vitamin A/E, histidine

- diet should be 0.1-0.3ppm (need 0.3 in last trimester of pregnancy especially)

32
Q

polioencephalomalacia

A
  • disturbance of thiamine metabolism

- secondary to acidosis, braken fern, high sulfur diet, amprolium treatment

33
Q

enterotoxemia

A
  • rapid growth of clostridium perfringens D secondary to excess CHO in SI
  • from rapid feed changes
34
Q

colostrum for lambs and kids

A
  • feed 10% of BW in colostrum in first 12 hours
  • give total 20% of BW in first 24 hours
  • should be fed 3-4 times every 12 hours
35
Q

feeding the doeling

A
  • goal is to gain 1/3 lb per day to reach breeding weight at 7 mo old
  • concentrates, hay
36
Q

transition period

A
  • a month before kidding to a month after kidding
  • critical time –> metabolic changes
  • gradually increase concentrates
37
Q

feeding early lactation

A
  • 0.3lbs grain for every lb of milk over 3lbs/day with high forage quality
  • don’t adjust more than 0.25lbs in 4 days
  • no more than 2lbs gain per feeding
38
Q

feeding peak lactation

A
  • milk production peaks at 4-6 weeks of lactation

- intake peaks at 8-10 weeks of lactation

39
Q

feeding late lactation

A
  • reduce concentrate level as milk production decreases

- want body condition score of 3-3.5

40
Q

formulating lactation rations

A
  • salt 0.5-1%
  • sufficient vitamins, minerals
  • magnesium oxide, sodium bicarb to increase milk fat
  • zinc methionine to reduce SCC
41
Q

feed additives

A
  • rumen undegradable protein
  • milk urea nitrogen
  • rumen inert fat
  • zinc methionine
  • sodium bicarb
  • magnesium oxide

Nutrition exam 3 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions