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Animal Science 114 > Sheep > Flashcards

Sheep Flashcards

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1
Q

Which state has the highest sheep and lamb production?

A

Texas

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2
Q

How is Iowa ranked in sheep production?

A

10th

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3
Q

What percentage of US livestock receipts does the sheep industry account for?

A

less than 1%

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4
Q

Which country leads in sheep production?

A

China

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5
Q

What is the gestation length in sheep?

A

147 days

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6
Q

What kind of breeders are sheep considered?

A

Seasonal, bred in the fall and lamb in the spring

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7
Q

What is the weaning age of sheep?

A

60 days

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8
Q

How is age determined in a sheep carcass?

A

the presence or absence of a spool or break joint

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9
Q

What is a spool joint?

A

a joint that ossifies with age

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10
Q

What is a break joint?

A

a joint that does not ossify with age

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11
Q

What type of joints does lamb have?

A

2 break joints, the carcass has 1 break joint and 1 spool joint

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12
Q

What type of joints does mutton have?

A

2 spool joints, the carcass has 1 break joint and 1 spool joint

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13
Q

What is mutton?

A

older sheep meat, it will have much more fat than lamb and have a stronger flavor

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14
Q

What is lamb?

A

Sheep meat within its first year

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15
Q

What happened to lamb production in ww2?

A

it increased, Australia made more wool for the US

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16
Q

Why has wool production dropped?

A

synthetic materials increased in clothing, making the need of wool less

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17
Q

Why are sheep useful in the west?

A

There are increased chances of wildfire in the west US, sheep will graze on undergrowth which adds nutrients back into the soil and lessens the impact of natural disasters.

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18
Q

Where do range flocks normally lamb?

A

on open range

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19
Q

What percentage of range flock is lamb crop?

A

90-140%

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20
Q

What is the main concern for range flocks?

A

predators

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21
Q

What breeds are associated with range flocks?

A

Rambouillet

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22
Q

Where do range flocks normally occur?

A

western states

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23
Q

What sheep breed leads in wool?

A

Merino

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24
Q

Which sheep is derived from the Merino?

A

Rambouillet

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25
Q

What is the herd number of farm flocks?

A

25-100 hd

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26
Q

Is farm flock more or less intensively managed than range?

A

More

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27
Q

What is the percentage of lamb crops made from farm flocks?

A

180-200%

28
Q

What are farm flocks orientated toward?

A

lamb production

29
Q

What are jugs?

A

small maternity pens that transports

30
Q

What are the concerns for farm flocks?

A

dogs and coyotes

31
Q

What does alfalfa provide for sheep?

A

protein and energy

32
Q

What is docking?

A

removing most of the lamb’s tail

33
Q

What is the process of docking?

A

use castrator to place rubber band between vertebrate, tail will fall off within a week

34
Q

Why is docking done?

A

Defecation and urination happen under tail, will stick and causes flies and maggots

35
Q

When is docking done?

A

within a week of birth

36
Q

What is crutching?

A

shearing around udder and vulva before farrowing

37
Q

Why is crutching done?

A

To avoid oil in vulva clumping the fleece

38
Q

What are farm flock fed?

A

supplement (grain) and minerals

39
Q

What do worms do in sheep?

A

attach to intestinal tract and produce more eggs, becoming more resistant

40
Q

How can you prevent worms in sheep?

A

rotating dewormers

41
Q

How can you tell if sheep have worms?

A

3rd eyelid is white instead of pink

42
Q

What kind of guard animals are used in farm flocks?

A

dogs, llamas, jenny

43
Q

What are you hoping for when a sheep farrows?

A

twins

44
Q

What age are yews bred?

A

6-8 months

45
Q

What kind of dog breeds are popular with herding sheep?

A

Anatolian, Great Pyrenees, Hushbach, but they must be raised with whatever they are protecting

46
Q

How has the predation of sheep changed over time?

A

the total number killed is down but cost to industry increased

47
Q

How can you tell if a coyote has attacked?

A

Jugular kill of sheep

48
Q

How can you tell if a dog has attacked?

A

Multiple injuries, herd clustered, and/or sheep have ran into fence

49
Q

What are sheep fed in a feedlot?

A

High concentrated diet, 90% whole corn

50
Q

What state is leading in lamb feeding?

A

California

51
Q

At what weight do sheep enter? Exit?

A

Enter at 70-90 lbs and exit at 120-150 lbs

52
Q

How long are sheep fed in feedlots?

A

4-10 months, based on market and supply

53
Q

What is “overeating”

A

clostridium perfringens C and D, metabolic intestinal disease, can be prevented by vaccinations

54
Q

What is urinary calculi?

A

Ca:P in feed, stop peeing, like kidney stones, manage with feed, intestinal parasites, hoove root, only in castrated males

55
Q

What are the 2 qualities in wool that are important?

A

crimp and diameter

56
Q

What is lanolin, and why is it important?

A

it is oil in sheep, it can be used in products

57
Q

What is important when it comes to the diameter of wool?

A

The smaller, the better, fleece bigger diameter are considered meet breeds

58
Q

What are goats used for?

A

meat, milk, mohair

59
Q

What is goat meat called?

A

borego

60
Q

What goat breed is considered for meat?

A

Boer, Spanish goat

61
Q

What goat breed is used for milk?

A

Saanen, all white, biggest producer of milk

62
Q

What goat breed is used for mohair?

A

Angoris for its natural fiber, Casameir is from goats

63
Q

What is the gestation length for goats?

A

147 days

64
Q

What is giving birth called in goats?

A

kidding

65
Q

What is giving birth called in sheep?

A

farrowing

Animal Science 114 (4 decks)

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