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Marine Bio > Shark Test > Flashcards

Shark Test Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

Ectothermic

A

Cold- blooded

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1
Q

The notochord is later replaced by?

A

The true backbone

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2
Q

What are the 3 classes of phylum chordate?

A

Agnatha, Chondrichthyes, Odteicthyes

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3
Q

Characteristics of Agnatha are

A

Jawless fish, most primitive, mouth is a circular sucking disc, they are primarily parasitic

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4
Q

Characteristics of Chindricthyes

A

Jawed gosh with cartilaginous skeletons, no swim bladder,

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5
Q

Characteristics of Osteichthyme?

A

Bony fish, true bones, spiny rated species,

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6
Q

The most efficient design for moving rapidly through the water?

A

Fusiform

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7
Q

The body shape of a stingray

A

Dorsoventrally flattened

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8
Q

Which side of a flinders body normally faces the bottom

A

The right side

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9
Q

The eel has an elongated body shape called

A

Attenuated shape

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10
Q

Myomeres

A

Body muscle segments

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11
Q

What type of muscle fibers function during short bursts of speed

A

White fibers

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12
Q

Why can’t trigger fish swim as fast and tuna and mackerel?

A

They have little to know amounts of red fibers

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13
Q

What find are used for turning, balancing, and breaking

A

Paired pectoral and pelvic fins

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14
Q

In active predation the prey is usual what length of the predator

A

1/4

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15
Q

Predator feeders that take small bites of food

A

Nibblers

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16
Q

Special devices on gills that allow fish to swallow food as water passes through the mouth are

A

Gill rakers

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17
Q

What are barbels

A

Sense organs that detect food on the murky bottom

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18
Q

Lamprey uses what to scrape a hole in the side of a fish

A

Rasping tongue

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19
Q

What do Gill rakers prevent from happening

A

They prevent particlr in the water from damaging the gill filaments

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20
Q

Fish receive oxygen through what organ

A

Spiracle

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21
Q

What is the operculum

A

Covers and protects the gills

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22
Q

What is a spiracle

A

A modified gill slit in sharks and rays it work with the mouth. To bring water into the gill chamber

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23
Q

What does the swim bladder do?

A

Maintains neutral buoyancy

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24
Q

Open swim bladder

A

Found in older fish, can be filled by gulping air from the surface

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25
Q

Closed swim bladder

A

Regulated by the gas gland controlled by the nervous system

26
Q

The process where organism dispose of wastes is

A

Excretion

27
Q

The main organs of excretion are

A

Kidneys and gills

28
Q

What do chloride cells do

A

Actively remove excess salts

29
Q

What is Osmoregulation

A

Fish regulate the amount of water in their tissues and cells

30
Q

Vision is important for

A

Finding food, breeding partner, and avoiding predators

31
Q

A sac-like inner ear in the fish that functions in hearing and balance is the

A

Labyrinth

32
Q

Neuromast sense cells are

A

Fluid filled canals and receptors in the inner ear

33
Q

The lateral line is important to fish because it

A

Helps fish swim as a shoal, and detects low frequency vibrations

34
Q

The process where fish can detect minute quantities of materials dissolved in water is

A

Chemireception

35
Q

The ability of fish to detect electrical currents is

A

The Ampullae of Lorenzeni

36
Q

The ampullae of lorenzini is

A

A system of pores on the snout that detect electrical currents

37
Q

The protective material covering the outer layer of skin is

A

Mucus

38
Q

Body odor is found where

A

Mucus

39
Q

Fish coloration is used for

A

Species recognition, camouflage, warning to others, and advertising willingness to remove parasites

40
Q

Star shaped pigment cells located under the transparent scales or the thin cell layer are

A

Chromatophores

41
Q

Iridocytes are

A

Pigment cells that contain reflecting granules that work like mirrors

42
Q

Countershading is important because it

A

Makes it hard for predators or prey to see or be seen

43
Q

Migratory fish that breed in freshwater and spend their lives at sea are

A

Anadromous

44
Q

Fish that breed at sea and spend their lives in freshwater are

A

Catadromous

45
Q

Milt is produced in the

A

Testes

46
Q

Roe is

A

Eggs

47
Q

Time of breeding is determined by

A

Water temp, photoperiod, salinity levels, and tide cycles

48
Q

Large schools are spawning fish are called

A

Shoals

49
Q

Where does gas exchange occur

A

In the gills

50
Q

The most primitive fish class is

A

Agnatha

51
Q

Agnatha contains

A

Lamprey and hagfish

52
Q

Chondrichthyes contains

A

Sharks, rays, and chimeras

53
Q

Osteichthyes contain

A

Tuna, dolphin fish, swordfish, and coral reefs fish

54
Q

What does dorsoventrally flattened mean

A

Flattened from top to bottom

55
Q

What fins are used for lift and support

A

Pectoral fins

56
Q

Attenuated means

A

Elongated body shape

57
Q

The lateral line serves what purpose

A

Aids in senses

58
Q

Where is the Ampullae of Lorenzini located

A

On the snout

59
Q

Which find are paired

A

Pectoral and pelvic fins

60
Q

The shapes of caudal find are

A

Heteroceral, diphyceral, homocercal

61
Q

What is oopagy

A

Embryonic cannabalism

62
Q

Viviparous means

A

Common way of reproduction in sharks

63
Q

Ovoviviparous means

A

Most advanced way of reproduction in sharks

Marine Bio (18 decks)

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