Shape of Molecules Flashcards
Electron pair repulsion theory
Shape is determined by electron pairs in outer shell. Covalent bond is a pair of electrons
Linear structure
2 electron pairs around central atom.
Bond angle - 180
trigonal planar structure
central atom with 3 pair bonding atoms around it (no lone pairs)
Bond Angle - 120
Tetrahedral Molecule
Central atom with 4 bonding pairs
Bond angle - 109.5
Trigonal Bipyramidal
Central atom with 5 bonding pairs
Bond angle - 120 and 90
Octahedral
6 bonding pairs
Bonding pairs - 90
Difference between lone pairs and bonding pairs
Lone pairs repel more strongly than bonding pairs.
Extra repulsion decreses bond angle by 2.5
Non liner / v shape / Bent
2 bonding pairs. 2 lone pairs
Bond angle - 104.5
Square planar
4 bonding pairs. 2 lone pair.
Bond angle - 90