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English 9 H > Shakespeare Pre-reading > Flashcards

Shakespeare Pre-reading Flashcards

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Proverbs and Idioms flashcards
1
Q

What is Poetry?

A

“verse,” concentrated language composed of rhythm and sound, the height and sound of language

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2
Q

What is Prose?

A

everyday speech, ordinary language

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3
Q

What is Metrical Writing or a Meter?

A

use of/a regular rhythmic pattern in language

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4
Q

What is Iambic Pentameter/Blank Verse?

A

unrhymed, iamb = an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable, pentameter = five meters

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5
Q

Why did Shakespeare write in iambic pentameter?

A

common practice, rhythm resembles natural rhythm of our speech

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6
Q

What Greek myth inspired Romeo and Juliet?

A

Pyramus and Thisbe

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7
Q

When was Shakespeare born?

A

1564

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8
Q

When did Shakespeare die?

A

April 23, 1616

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9
Q

Who were Shakespeare’s parents?

A

John and Mary Arden Shakespeare

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10
Q

Where was Shakespeare born?

A

two story house on Henley St, Stratford-upon-Avon

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11
Q

Who was Shakespeare’s mother?

A

a daughter of a wealthy landowner

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12
Q

Who was Shakespeare’s father?

A

glovemaker, local politician

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13
Q

What school did Shakespeare probably go to?

A

King’s New School in Stratford

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14
Q

What subjects did he probably learn in school?

A

rhetoric, logic, history, Latin

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15
Q

What was his school day like?

A

long and rigorous

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16
Q

When and why did he drop out of school?

A

age 14, middle school, his father lost his fortune, went to work

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17
Q

Who was Shakespeare married to?

A

Anne Hathaway on November 27, 1582

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18
Q

Who were his children?

A

Susanna (christened May 26, 1582, 6 months later), twins Hamnet and Judith (christened Feb 2, 1585)

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19
Q

Who was Hamnet?

A

Shakespeare’s son who died from the plague at age 11

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20
Q

What are the “Lost Years?”

A

1583-1592, he moved to London to work in theater, but there are very few to no records of him

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21
Q

What happened when Shakespeare was in his early 20s?

A

The Lost Years

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22
Q

When was the Globe Theatre built?

A

1599

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23
Q

What theater did Shakespeare invest in?

A

The Globe Theater

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24
Q

What theatrical company did Shakespeare write for?

A

Lord Chamberlain’s Men

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25
Q

What was Lord Chamberlain’s Men later known as?

A

King’s Men

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26
Q

What was Shakespeare the part-owner of?

A

Lord Chamberlain’s Men

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27
Q

What happened to the Globe Theatre in 1613?

A

burned down during a play

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28
Q

Which seats are the cheapest?

A

upfront, no cover, grass, stand

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29
Q

How many plays did Shakespeare write?

A

38

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30
Q

What were the four categories of his plays?

A

comedies (14), histories (10), tragedies (10), romances (4)

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31
Q

How many sonnets did he write?

A

154

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32
Q

What did Shakespeare allegedly leave his wife?

A

second-best bed

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33
Q

Where is Shakespeare buried?

A

Holy Trinity Church in Stratford

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34
Q

How old was he when he died?

A

probably 52

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35
Q

Was he buried with his wife?

A

no, right next to her

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36
Q

What is his gravestone covered by?

A

a flat stone with an epitaph

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37
Q

What does the epitaph say?

A

a warning of a curse to anyone who moves his bones

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38
Q

What type of English did he write in?

A

Early Modern English

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39
Q

What was significant about his type of English?

A

had old holdovers and new words, rural and urban, could be understood and liked by the lowest peasant to the Queen herself, invented new words and phrases

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40
Q

What words and phrases did Shakespeare invent?

A

critical, majestic, dwindle, one fell swoop, flesh and blood, vanish into thin air

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41
Q

Are Shakespeare’s works original plots?

A

no, he mostly retold older stories

42
Q

Which two plays are original?

A

Love’s Labour’s Lost and The Tempest

43
Q

Did Shakespeare invent the Shakespearean stanza?

A

no, he just did it the best

44
Q

What is the structure of Shakespeare’s sonnets?

A

iambic pentameter, 14 lines, three quatrains and a couplet, ABAB CDCD EFEF GG

45
Q

Is “I baked my friend a birthday cake today” in iambic pentameter?

A

yes

46
Q

Is “She danced along to the song on the radio” in iambic pentameter?

A

no

47
Q

What do we know about Shakespeare’s sonnets?

A

he wrote 154 of them, probably from the 1590s - early 1600s

48
Q

What do we not know about the sonnets?

A

exact dates, speaker, if there are more, intended audience, order

49
Q

Who are the sonnets addressed to?

A

the fair youth and dark lady (black mistress)

50
Q

Which sonnets were written to the fair youth?

A

1-126

51
Q

Which sonnets were written to the dark lady?

A

127-152

52
Q

How does Sonnet 18 praise poetry?

A

immortalize, humans live and die but poetry lives for ever and keeps a perfect moment, person, memory forever

53
Q

What does he mean by “Love is not time’s fool?”

A

everything else will wither and die with time but love will exist through time

54
Q

What does Shakespeare like to include in his sonnets?

A

a twist at the end

55
Q

Does Shakespeare admire his black mistress?

A

no, he acts almost ashamed of liking her but then says that everyone else exaggerates on the beauty of their beloveds

56
Q

When was Shakespeare baptised?

A

April 26, 1564

57
Q

Was Shakespeare born into a poor household?

A

no, they were pretty well off

58
Q

How did Shakespeare’s father earn a lot of money?

A

brogging? illegal wool trade

59
Q

What was happening religiously during this time?

A

revolution, religious conflict, catholic vs protestant, no religious certainty

60
Q

Who were the three different monarchs who succeeded Henry the 8th?

A

his son Edward (protestant), his daughter Mary (catholic), his daughter Elizabeth (protestant)

61
Q

What was an important place for his mother’s side of the family?

A

Forest of Arden in Warwickshire

62
Q

Did Shakespeare have any siblings?

A

two older sisters did not survive

63
Q

What is a quatrain in a sonnet?

A

four lines, rhyme scheme ABAB

64
Q

What is a couplet in a sonnet?

A

last two lines, rhyme scheme GG

65
Q

What is an example of inversion?

A

“Goes he?” “Him I hit”

66
Q

What is inversion?

A

switching the order of the words

67
Q

Why does Shakespeare use inversion?

A

to create rhythms, rhymes or emphasize a word

68
Q

What time period did Shakespeare live in?

A

Elizabethan England

69
Q

What does “Away from light steals home my heavy son” mean?

A

Romeo goes home and closes himself in his room in the dark, windows closed

70
Q

What does “heavy” mean?

A

sorrowful, “heavy heart”

71
Q

What is omission?

A

leaving out parts of words or whole words

72
Q

Why does Shakespeare use omission?

A

to create rhymes

73
Q

What is an example of omission?

A

“heard the news?” “good e’en”

74
Q

What is imagery?

A

describing things in a way that appeals to the senses

75
Q

What is a classical allusion?

A

reference to Greek/Roman mythology

76
Q

What is a biblical allusion?

A

reference to the Bible

77
Q

What is a pun?

A

a play on words, sound of words, for amusement, thought provocation, clarification, explanation

78
Q

What is Sonnet 18 about?

A

comparing the fair youth to a summer’s day, praising poetry

79
Q

What do the last two lines of Sonnet 18 suggest?

A

praises poetry

80
Q

When was the first time his name appears in print and why?

A

1592, Robert Green? attacks him because he says he can write as well as an university educated man

81
Q

How many things do we know for sure about Shakespeare?

A

5 things

82
Q

What was London like during his time?

A

dramatic contrasts: palaces, allies, manor houses, taverns; romantic world: poetry, plays; dangerous: violence, Black Death

83
Q

Who are the groundlings?

A

people seated in the cheapest spot in the theater, standing in open air in front of the stage

84
Q

Why were plays performed during the afternon?

A

lighting is supplied by the sun

85
Q

What brought excitement to Shakespeare’s plays?

A

costumes: provided color and flash, reflects social status, difference between life and story, basic scenery, no lighting, sound effects or special effects AND WORDS

86
Q

Did London officials like the theaters and why?

A

attracted outcasts of society, allowed the plague to spread, lured workers away from their jobs

87
Q

How were women portrayed?

A

a man in drag

88
Q

What is a paradox?

A

self-contradictory statement; “wise fool”

89
Q

What is Petrarchan Love?

A

love is unrequited, Petrarch loves Laura, paralyzing intensity of love, love is perfect, chaste, pure, only fault is mortality, anti-sex, melancholy, wants to be alone

90
Q

Why are people so fascinated with Shakespeare?

A

he understood what makes people tick and transforms it into wonderful portrayals of human relationships

91
Q

What were challenges of working in a theater?

A

regulations enforced by master of revels, did not make much money, only a week of rehearsals, could only run a play for a couple days, could be closed, run into money problems, a hit could change fortunes overnight, sought after actors and playwrights

92
Q

Could women appear onstage?

A

no, illegal by law

93
Q

What was a women’s main “job?”

A

arranged marriage, honor her parents

94
Q

Why would people create arranged marriages?

A

for property and alliances

95
Q

What were some things women could not do?

A

act on stage, vote, few legal rights, have education besides piety, chastity and domestic skills

96
Q

In 1593, how long had Elizabeth been on the throne?

A

40 years

97
Q

Who was the monarch during Shakespeare’s life?

A

Elizabeth

98
Q

How did she feel towards plays?

A

she loved them

99
Q

Why didn’t the Queen marry?

A

she could bring up the possibility of marriage during foreign policies to get what she wanted

100
Q

Why is Romeo and Juliet so significant?

A

mixes comedies and tragedies, sets him apart from others, tells us the ending at the beginning which makes it more intense and heartbreaking

English 9 H (4 decks)

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