Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

BSCE GOER > SGU Term 5 BSCE Book 3 > Flashcards

SGU Term 5 BSCE Book 3 Flashcards

1
Q

migraine

A

more common in women
on one side
lasts around 2 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

tension headache

A

evenly distributed among men and women

starts in morning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

cluster headache

A 
around eye, tearing, runny nose
more in males
max 20 min
last for several hours multiple times a day
starts at night
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

trigeminal neuralgia

A

mostly in men

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

ALS

A

glutamate overload kills motor neuron

death in 2-5 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

vit B12 def

A 
fatigue
mental fog
stored in liver
absorbed in terminal ileum complexed w intrinsic factor
megaloblastic anemia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

myasthenia gravis: not enough meds

A

descending weakness
diplopia
ptosis
mask like facies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

myasthenia gravis: too much meds

A

saliva and secretions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

delirium

A

starts suddenly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

mini mental status exam

A

27-30 normal

<27 abnormal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

meningococcal meningitis

A

skin rash

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

guillan barre

A

ascending paralysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

pyramidal pattern weakness

A

FLEA = weakest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

familial ALS

A

usually autosomal dominant
sometimes autosomal recessive
rare x-linked dominant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

stroke

A

Face
Arms
Slurred Speech
Time is brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

vit B12 stored in

A

liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

increase risk of dementia

A

obesity
stress
high cortisol
sedentary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

fontanel bulging in baby

A

meningitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

brain abscess diagnosis

A

high WCC, CRP, ESR

imaging

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

medulloblastoma

A

primary in children

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

craniopharyngioma

A

primary and benign near pituitary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

secondary brain neoplasms

A 
breast
colon
lung
kidney
melanoma
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

power grading

A

0-5
5 is normal
0 is no movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

occam’s razor

A

localize lesion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
LMN
cranial nerve nuclei anterior horn cells everything peripheral
26
ALS is usually
spontaneous
27
mutations in copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) on chr 21
ALS | abnormal SOD1 causes toxic gain of function in protein, damaging motor neuron
28
pure motor symptoms, no sensory
ALS
29
bad prognosis in ALS
bulbar symptoms or respiratory symptoms
30
LMN at c5-t1 and UMN below
cervical myeloradiculopathy
31
primary lateral sclerosis
only UMN corticospinal tracts
32
dorsal columns affected only
B12 def
33
syringomyelia
LMN at level of cavity, UMN below
34
sometimes mimics ALS
Lyme disease
35
Definite ALS
signs in 3 spinal regions or | one bulbar and 2 spinal regions
36
probable ALS
signs in 2 regions or | UMN signs above/rostral to LMN
37
ALS meds
riluzole - inhibits glutamate release | edaravone - inhibits oxidative stress
38
death of ALS
respiratory infx, sepsis
39
myasthenia gravis clinical
proximal arms more affected than legs
40
meds that worsen MG
``` aminoglycosides D penicillamine procainamide quinidine fluoroquinolones macrolides Ant-programmed death/checkpoint inhibitors (worsen pre existing and can cause first onset) ```
41
presynaptic NMJ dysfunction | Ab to P/Q voltage gated Ca channels
Lambert Eaton | can be paraneoplastic - small cell lung cancer
42
Botulism
presynaptic NMJ | toxin cleaves SNARE in terminal, preventing release of vesicles
43
imaging of chest in MG bc
associated w thymoma (thymectomy if under 65, Ab AchR +, <5 years disease) thyroid dysfunction in MG
44
refractory MG
rituximab - anti CD 20 on B cells eculizumab - complement inhibitor cyclophosphamide chronic IVIG or PLEx
45
Tx for myasthenic crisis
IVIG and PLEx
46
dystrophin gene
short arm of X chromosome (duchenne, becker)
47
labs in duchenne
high CK and transaminases
48
DMD treatment
glucocorticoids
49
DMD associated symptoms
scoliosis, lung development issues
50
cluster headache Tx
acute: oxygen, triptans chronic: verapamil, corticosteroids
51
physical activity and headaches
makes migraines worse | no affect on tension
52
migraine Tx
triptans, NSAIDs, dihydroergotamine
53
migraine prevention
beta blockers, anti depressants, anticonvulsants, Ca channel blockers
54
migraine physiology
spreading wave of vasoconstriction (aura) followed by cortical dysfunction (migraine)
55
temporal arteritis/giant cell arteritis
``` over 50 scalp tenderness, dull pain malaise, night sweats, fever, weight loss polymyalgia rheumatica high ESR/CRP ```
56
temporal arteritis Tx
corticosteroids immediately when suspected - if not, pt goes blind
57
pseudotumor cerebri/idiopathic intracranial hypertension
female, over weight, child bearing age tinnitus, headache, visual symptoms caused by: hypervitaminosis A, isotretinoin, steroids/growth hormone, corticosteroid withdrawal, all cyclines also addison, hypoparathyroidism, PCOS, obesity, pregnancy CN VI palsy
58
pseudotumor cerebri Tx
acetazolamide, optic nerve fenestration, VP shunt if refractory
59
headache + high ICP
worst in the morning
60
striatum
caudate nuc + putamen
61
lentiform nuc
putamen + globus pallidus
62
below subthalamic nuc
substantia nigra
63
parkinson's
substantia nigra problem asymmetric problems at onset sometimes after trauma OR exposure to Manganese
64
hemiballismus
subthalamic nucleus problem
65
parkinson's pathophys
loss of pigmented dopamine producing cells in substantia nigra alpha-synuclein and ubiquitin in cytoplasm called LEWY BODY in cortical neurons
66
parkinson's Tx
``` levodopa - precursor of dopamine (sinemet) ropinirole, pramipexole COMT inhibitors anticholinergics amantidine, selegiline (MAO B inhib) ``` deep brain stimulation, thalamotomy, unilateral pallidotomy
67
drugs that can cause parkinsonism
``` neuroleptics metoclopramide reserpine CCB - flunarizine valproic acid ```
68
huntington's genetics
Ch 4 , short arm CAG on exon 1 huntington protein overexpressed - endocytosis, intracellular trafficking anticipation
69
huntington's pathophys
``` NMDA excitotoxicity defective mitochondrial energy metabolism free radicals aggregate protein triggers apoptosis caudate and putamen mainly involved ```
70
huntington imaging
caudate atrophy
71
huntington meds
dopamine antagonists atypical antipsychotics tetrabenazine
72
hemiballismus
contralateral subthalamic nucleus lesion
73
tardive dyskinesia
pt with longterm dopamine antagonist meds (absent in sleep) involuntary movement of tongue, face etc dysfunction of dopamine transporter
74
dystonia Tx
trial of levodopa/carbidopa | hereditary may be sinemet responsive
75
cerebellum
cerebrocerebellum - planning, coordination spinocerebellum - regulating, error correction, proprioception vestibulocerebellum - balance, ocular reflexes
76
cerebellar lesion
hypotonia pendular DTR scanning dysarthria nystagmus
77
freidrich's ataxia
AR GAA in Ch 9 decreased frataxin expression - FXN less mitochondrial energy, more oxidative stress degeneration of neural tracts and peripheral nerves death from cardiac complications
78
FXN protein
mitochondrial protein for assembly of iron/sulphur enzymes
79
transverse myelitis
acute spinal cord syndrome in MS
80
MS associations
``` multifactorial dec sunlight exposure? vit D def eventual degeneration of white and grey matter painful visual loss ```
81
lhermitte's sign
electricity radiating down spine/arms when bent over | seen in MS
82
uhthoff phenomenon
worse symptoms at higher temp in MS
83
marcus gunn pupil
light swing to affected eye causes bilateral dilation relative afferent pupillary defect glaucoma, retinal disease, MS
84
internuclear ophthalmoplegia
can't do lateral gaze bc MLF lesion | can cross eyes successfully
85
MS diagnosis
CSF test for oligoclonal bands and high igG
86
mood vs affect
mood - what pt says | affect - what physician observes
87
MDD
depression and anhedonia + 5/9 other symptoms for at least 2 weeks
88
postpartum blues
peaks 4-5 days postpartum | resolves in 2 weeks postpartum
89
MDD w peripartum onset
more than 2 weeks
90
persistent depressive disorder/dysthymia
depressed + at least 2 (appetite, conc, hopeless, energy, worthless, sleep change) (no suicide, anhedonia, or psychomotor) 2 years
91
episodic MDD
2 months in btw
92
complicated grief
more than 6 mo
93
premenstrual dysphoric disorder
most cycles during past year + cause disability/disturbance
94
medial prefrontal limbic
serotonin
95
reward
dopamine
96
depression
inc - amygdala, medial prefrontal cortex (to neg) dec - ventral striatum (to pos) overall inc limbic, dec neocortical dec delta (slow wave) sleep dec REM latency inc REM density inc REM in first half of sleep (inc in second half in normal ppl) dec BDNF (brain derived neurotrophic factor)
97
bipolar
I - manic II - hypomanic and MDE cyclothymic - 2 years, hypomanic and depressive that don't meet criteria (less than 2 months between symptoms)
98
bipolar Tx
``` lithium - first line lamotrigine - second line valproic acid - pt w renal dysfunction carbamazepine oxcarbazepine ```
99
suspected seizure
do electroencephalogram
100
aura
focal onset
101
channelopathies - generalized
benign neonatal convulsions GABA or K familial or sporadic
102
channelopathies - focal
AD nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy (ADNFLE) - affected gene is neuronal nAChR
103
infx seizures
neurocysticercosis | HSV or other encephalitis
104
metabolic seizures
hypoglycemia hyponatremia hypercalcemia
105
immune seizures
NMDA encephalitis
106
status epilepticus
seizure for over 30 min without regaining consciousness | start treatment at 5 min
107
management of SE
lorazepam, midazolam, or diazepam IV phenytoin loading dose IV next level - phenobarbital or propofol intubate thiamine and glucose empirically
108
delerium pathophys
dysfunction of reticular activating system - low ACh, anticholinergics make it worse hyperdopaminergia - D2 blocking meds help control GABA agonist withdrawal - high glutamate activates locus ceruleus -> norepinephrine release -> tachycardia etc, dopamine release in mesolimbic tract -> confusion etc.
109
lewy body disease
``` fluctuating cognition hallucinations, delusions, depression parkinsonism before cognitive decline REM sleep disorder severe neuroleptic sensitivity repeated falls, syncope orthostatic hypotension urinary incontinence ``` alpha - synuclein SPECT/PET - low striatal dopamine transporter uptake, low occipital activity MIBG myocardial scintigraphy - low, sympathetic denervation EEG - slow wave, temporal transient wave no family history
110
vascular disease
complex attention decline | personality changes, abulia
111
vascular depression
late onset depression + psychomotor slowing +executive dysfunction = small vessel ischemic disease
112
alzheimer's
postmortem: cortical atrophy, amyloid plaques, tau neurofibrillary tangles early onset - AD, mut of amyloid precursor protein presinilin 1, 2 ApoE4 inc risk down syndrome
113
illness or surgery -> acute delerium
prodrome of lewy body
114
acute vs subacute
acute - bacterial meningitis | subacute - fungal meningitis
115
TIA
<24 hr
116
lacunar stroke
``` lipohyalinosis pure motor or sensory ataxic hemiparesis disarthria clumsy hands ```
117
hypoperfusion
watershed area - man in barrel | btw MCA and ACA - area of proximal arms
118
carotid
unilateral
119
neglect syndrome
lesion of non dominant hemisphere
120
subcortical
no specific area affected more
121
sensory stroke
ventral thalamus
122
clumsy hand
ventral pons, genu of internal capsule
123
ataxic hemiparesis
pons, internal capsule
124
ischemic stroke management
thrombolytic (tPA) if w/in 4.5 hrs | >4.5 hr -> thrombectomy (neuro interventional)
125
bacterial meningitis
broad spectrum antibiotics, and steroids
126
prion disease
rapidly progressive and always fatal
127
inherited prion disease
gerstmann straussler scheinker syndrome | fatal familial insomnia
128
CJD
akinetic mutism diagnosis: protease resistant PrP EEG sharp waves CSF - elevated 14-3-3, high tau, positive RT QuIC assay use MRI FLAIR sequences hockey stick, pulvinar sign early sign on MRI: diffuse gyriform cortical signal change
129
cluster C personality disorder
avoidant, Obsessive compulsive, dependent
130
selective mutism
>1 mo
131
phobia
>6 mo
132
social anxiety disorder / social phobia
fear of negative evaluation | specifier: performance only
133
separation anxiety
can present w abdominal pain
134
agoraphobia
fears difficulty of escape | 6 mo
135
panic disorder
fear of dying fear of loosing control, going crazy derealization, depersonalization
136
panic attack
4/13 possible symptoms | less than 4 would be limited symptom
137
acute panic attack
alprazolam
138
generalized anxiety disorder
3/6 symptoms
139
OCD
orbitofrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, striatum
140
acute stress disorder
w/in a month | dissociation symptoms not in PTSD
141
PTSD
``` >1 mo dissociative reaction (flashback) decreased cortisol inc corticotropin underactive anterior cingulate cortex and hippocampus ```
142
adjustment disorder
w/in 3 mo | resolves w/in 6 mo
143
diabetes
distal axonopathies
144
neuronopathies
toxic - cisplatin, B6
145
wallerian degeneration
diabetic mononeuropathy focal trauma infarct vasculitis
146
segmental demyelination
AIDP/CIDP diphtheric neuropathy metachromatic leukodystrophy charcot marie tooth disease
147
axonal degeneration
metabolic | drugs/toxins
148
small fiber peripheral neuropathies
sodium channel mutations | hypertriglyceridemia
149
peroneal muscular atrophy
charcot marie tooth disease
150
type 1A charcot marie tooth
duplication of PMP22 - short arm of Ch 17
151
foot drop high arch hammer toes onion bulb formations on nerve biopsy
charcot marie tooth
152
meralgia paresthetica
lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh traped beneath inguinal ligament entrapment/compression neuropathy
153
peroneal palsy/fibular nerve palsy
fibular head entrapment/compression neuropathy foot drop
154
carpal tunnel
median nerve compressed beneath flexor retinaculum hypothyroidism acromegaly RA pregnancy, diabetes, wrist trauma manage: nocturnal splinting
155
radial neuropathy
wrist drop | crutch palsy
156
NF1
``` von recklinghausen's disease Ch 17 NF1 = tumor suppressor, neurofibromin lische nodules cafe au lait sphenoid wing dysplasia pseudoarthrosis ```
157
NF2
Ch 22 merlin/schwannomin benign tumors on both auditory nerves - vestibular schwannoma
158
tuberous sclerosis
TSC1 - Ch 9 - Hamartin TSC2 - Ch 16 - tuberin both are tumor suppressor genes facial angiofibromas around nose and chin cortical tubers giant cells Ab to phosphorylated ribosomal S6
159
sturge weber
encephalo trigeminal angiomatosis port-wine stain birthmark tram-track calcifications of brain on same side as birthmark - leptomeningeal vascular malformations seizures, glaucoma, cognitive impairment
160
ataxia telangiectasia
AR ATM - Ch11 - cell division, DNA repair low IgA - sinopulmonary infx risk of lymphoma, leukemia high alpha fetoprotein, CA125
161
von hippel lindau
AD VHL tumor suppressor - Ch 3 hemangioblastomas endolymphatic sac tumor
162
intellectual developmental disorder
intellectual, adaptive, onset during developmental period
163
pervasive developmental disroder
PDD/NOS autism too many neurons in amygdala then loose them, normal ppl gain neurons
164
ADHD
6 for 6 mo
165
monro-kellie hypothesis
volume in cranium is fixed, if one part inc, another dec
166
uncal herniation
``` down and out contralateral weakness (cerebral peduncle) contralateral visual field deficit (ipsi PCA stroke) ```
167
subdural hematoma
crosses suture lines
168
epidural hematoma
lenticular, biconvex | restricted by suture lines
169
subarachnoid hemmhorage
nuchal rigidity thunderclap headache normal CT congophilic angiopathy berry aneurysm LP: bloody, xanthochromia kernig's - dec straight leg raise 3rd nerve palsy depressed LOC Tx: CCB - nimodipine christmas tree bleed
170
vasospasm after SAH
hypertension hypervolemia hemodilution
171
acute COMA
Dextrose - 25 mg IV Oxygen Naloxone - 1 mg IV (opiate OD) Thiamine 500 mg IV (wernicke's)
172
GCS
eye 4, verbal 5, motor 6 3 - no response to any 7,8 - intubate
173
pos/neg symptoms
pos - dopamine | neg - muscarinic
174
bizarre delusions
thought withdrawal, insertion | delusions of control - body being controlled etc
175
sleep
hypnagogic - falling asleep | hypnapompic - waking up
176
brief psychotic disorder
at least a day, < 1 mo | no neg symptoms
177
schizophreniform
at least a month, <6 mo
178
schizophrenia
6 mo cerebro ventricular enlargement dec brain volume inc dopamine and serotonin amphetamines worsen it dec NMDA receptor function first line Tx - second gen antipsychotics
179
personality disorders
A - odd - paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal B - dramatic - antisocial, borderline, histrionic, narcissistic C - anxious, fearful - avoidant, dependent, obcessive compulsive
180
bulimia and binge eating
at least once a week for 3 mo
181
bulimia
at least 18.5 (normal or overweight) use of ipecac - cardiac and skeletal myopathies rectal prolapse
182
GI drugs causing sexual dysfunction
cimetidine, methanteline bromide
183
anticonvulsants
priapism
184
opiates
orgasmic dysfunction
185
screening Q's for dysfunction
avoid why questions
186
pedophilia minimum age
16
187
fetish
prior to adolescence
188
mets to brain
lung, breast, melanoma
189
most primary brain tumors are
gliomas
190
risk for brain tumor
high dose ionizing radiation
191
meningioma
arachnoid cap cells
192
medulloblastoma
``` primitive neuroectodermal tumor spread via CSF ch 17 small blue round tumor cells homer wright rosette little boys ```
193
oligodendroglioma
headache, personality change, seizure 1p, 19q deletion fried egg chicken wire
194
ependymoma
``` intracranial - kids spinal - adults NF2 obstructive hydrocephalus localized, low grade, slow growing ``` perivascular pseudorosettes ependymal rosettes
195
glioblastoma multiforme
grade 4 necrosis endovascular proliferation
196
GBS
ascending paralysis low back pain loss of DTR autonomic arrhythmia, constipation
197
GBS diagnosis
high protein, normal cells = albumino cytologic dissociation high WBC -> lyme, sarcoid, HIV, lymphoma give IVig and PLex, no corticosteroids
198
high dose decadron
compressive myelopathies
199
brown sequard
contralateral - loose pain and temp | ipsilateral - loss of motor etc
200
anterior spinal
bilateral loss of motor function
201
central cord syndrome
upper extremity loss of motor and sensation, incomplete loss below cervical spondylosis, neck hyperextension
202
somatic symptom disorder
thoughts, anxiety, time and energy mild if 1, moderate if 2 severe if 2 and more than one somatic complaint persistent - over 6 mo
203
illness anxiety disorder
no symptoms or mild | 6 mo
204
conversion disorder
la belle indifference | dissociative
205
malingering
for secondary gain like to get off work
206
factitious
intentional symptom falsification
207
substance use
mild - 2,3 mod - 4,5 severe - 6 or more dopamine in VTA ventral tegmental area, project thru medial forbrain to nucleus accumbens and frontal cortex 12 mo, 2 manifestations
208
PCP
NMDA antagonist
209
LSD
serotonin agonist
210
inhalants
encephalopathy and arrhythmias | cell membrane disruption
211
glutamate
maintenance of addictive behavior
212
exertional chest pain
angina pectoris
213
mini mental for alzheimer's bc
focuses on memory
214
inflammatory synovial fluid
2000 | ESR, CRP, anemia of chronic disease
215
arthralgia and myofascial
no swelling or erythema
216
bursitis or tendonitis
active more painful than passive
217
myo fascial
full range of motion
218
septic arthritis
gram pos: staph aureus, gonorrhea monoarticular knee papulo pustular skin lesions
219
pseudogout
high parathyroidism low thyroidism hemochromatosis, diabetes, wilson asymmetric oligoarticular distinguish from gout w synovial fluid
220
chronic inflammatory arthropathy
ESR, CRP rheumatoid factor anti CCP
221
RA spares the
DIP joints
222
RA
``` deforming ulnar deviation swan neck extensor tenosynovitis MCP and PIP swelling ```
223
extra articular RA
splinter hemorrhage elbow nodules nodule on heart valve - murmur renal (penicillamine, NSAIDs) and eye probs
224
SLE
``` non deforming fetal loss in 2nd trimester livedo reticularis - antiphospholipid Ab anti Ro Ab - neonatal lupus raynaud ```
225
polymyositis, dermatomyositis
``` DM - periorbital edema lung disease, diaphragmatic weakness gottron's papules regged cuticles muscle inflammation, necrosis of fibrils ```
226
spondyloarthropathies
chronic inflamm - spine and sacroiliac asymmetric oligoarticular HLA-B27 seronegative erythema nodosum pyoderma gangrenosum psoriatic plaques oncholysis enthesitis dactylitis - daylight sign aortic regurgitation conjunctivitis
227
OA
asymmetric DIP - heberden's node PIP - bouchard's node
228
allergic contact dermatitis
nickel, poison ivy/oak, rubber gloves type 4 HS cutaneous lymphocyte associated antigen
229
atopic dermatitis
chronic itch starts in infancy, remits spontaneously atopic triad - asthma, allergic rhinitis/hay fever xerosis, lichenification igE filaggrin FLG gene mut - dec barrier function acute is type 1 HS, chronic is type 4
230
cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis
hypersensitivity vasculitis - small vessels immune complex formation -> C5a -> neutrophils lower extremities 10 days after Ag exposure spots dont blanch type 3 HS
231
urticaria
``` blanching wheal - central pallor, erythematous flare angioedema transient and migratory dermographism - pop up bc light scratch acute up to 6 wk ``` colon, lung, rectum CA SLE, sjogren, RA vasculitis - collagen vasc diseases hyperthyroidism, prego, menopause type 1 HS, igE (if ige independent, opiates or nsaids)
232
erythema multiforme
``` HSV, mycoplasma pneumonia skin homing CD8+ attack basal mucosa and epithelium target/iris/bullous lesion minor - skin major - skin + mucous 7 days keratinocyte necrosis ```
233
steven johnson
toxic epidermal necrolysis
234
bullous pemphigoid
subepidermal, autoimmune Ab against hemidesmosomal Ag (BPAg 1,2) pruritic, tense bullae no mucosal involvement type 2 HS furosemide can cause it or Abx
235
pemphigus
intraepidermal blister and acantholysis skin and mucus flaccid bullae Ab to desmosomal Ag (Dsg1,3) on keratinocytes type 2 HS causes: non hodgkin lymphoma, CLL, penicillamine, captopril rare: myasthenia gravis intercellular IgG and C3
236
PV
Dsg3 - btw basal and spinous | die w/out Tx
237
PF
Dsg1 - btw granular and corneum | survive
238
telangiectasia
blanches | purpura doesnt blanch
239
roseola
``` high fever infants appear well HHV 6,7 dsDNA spread: oropharyngeal secretions lymphotropic for CD4+ recurrence - salivary glands ``` neuro - HHV6 in endothelial cells of vessels in frontal lobe
240
rubeola/measles
paramyxovirus, ssRNA subacute sclerosing panencephalitis koplik spots/enanthem cephalocaudal exanthem
241
rubella/german measles
togaviridae, ssRNA rash fades in 3 days lymphadenopathy nasopharynx congenital - first trimester infx, blueberry muffin skin
242
molluscum contagiosum
``` poxvirus STD in adults skin to skin, fomites painless umbilicated papules not on palms and soles ``` intracytoplasmic basophilic inclusions - molluscum/henderson patterson bodies
243
verruca vulgaris/warts
HPV naked dsDNA direct contact w ppl,surfaces microabrasions allow entry 1,2 - warts 6,11 - anogenital warts 16,18 - anogenital, high risk for cancer - squamous cell and cervical CA E6 and E7 inhibit p53 and pRb condyloma accuminata, internal extension possible
244
warts
church spire and koilocytes
245
VZV
lesions at various stages | infective until all lesions are crusted
246
varicella
reye syndrome and encephalitis
247
zoster
ramsay hunt - ipsilateral facial nerve paralysis w loss of taste in anterior 2/3 of tongue
248
group A strep
sinusitis otitis media pneumonia
249
lymphangitis
s pyogenes
250
strep bovis
colon CA
251
strep pneumo
capsule - virulence
252
staph A spread
hyaluronidase

BSCE GOER (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions