SFORP MCQ QUESTIONS

Question 1

the basic functional and structural units of the body are what?

Answer 1

cells

Question 2

molecules combine to form?

Answer 2

cells

Question 3

out of the 4 which is not a component of the integumentary system?

• hair
• nail
• lymph node
• sweat gland

Answer 3

lymph node

Question 4

what body system is the lymph node part of?

Answer 4

the immune system

Question 5

what tissue is a hormone a product of?

Answer 5

endocrine tissue

Question 6

what are the female sex cells (oocytes) produced by?

Answer 6

Gonads

Question 7

what is responsiveness?

Answer 7

the ability of the body to detect and react to changes in the external or internal environment

Question 8

what 4 elements compose living tissues?

Answer 8

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen

Question 9

what is the atomic weight of an element?

Answer 9

the sum of its protons and neutrons

Question 10

what is an inert element?

Answer 10

when the number of electrons in the outer shell of element is the maximum number

Question 11

what is a polysaccharide?

Answer 11

a carbohydrate

Question 12

give 3 examples of polysaccharides:

Answer 12

• starch
• cellulose
• glycogen

Question 13

T or F: phospholipids are the most abundant type of lipids in the membrane

Answer 13

True

Question 14

T or F: there are 4 types of specialised cells that carry different functions

Answer 14

False

Question 15

what is a charged atom commonly known as?

Answer 15

an Ion

Question 16

the polar part of the lipid bilayer cell membrane consists of what?

Answer 16

phosphate-containing head

Question 17

in regard to transport of substances across the cell membrane, what is the passive transport mechanism?

Answer 17

carrier mediated facillitated diffusion

Question 18

what is endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 18

an organelle which forms a membranous system of tubular canals continuous with the nuclear envelope and branches throughout the cytoplasm.

Question 19

what is connective tissue?

Answer 19

tissue that protects and supports the body and its organs; binds organs together

Question 20

T or F: epithelial tissue consists of cells arranged in continuous sheets in either single or multiple layers

Answer 20

True

Question 21

which 3 pigments contribute to skin colour?

Answer 21

haemoglobin, carotene and melanin

Question 22

what is the stratum basale?

Answer 22

the layer of epidermis that contains stem cells undergoing cell division

Question 23

Meissner corpuscles detect what?

Answer 23

light touch and dynamic pressure

Question 24

which type of cells will produce mucus?

Answer 24

Goblet cells

Question 25

what are the layers of the epidermis?

Answer 25

- stratum lucidum - stratum basale - stratum corneum

Question 26

is the papillary layer part of the epidermis?

Answer 26

no | - it is the upper most layer of the dermis

Question 27

Which one of the following is a connective tissue? - Stratified columnar tissue - Simple cuboidal tissue

Answer 27

Stratified columnar tissue

Question 28

T or F: the skin is responsible for the synthesis of vitamin E

Answer 28

False

Question 29

what is glandular epithelium?

Answer 29

it often lies in clusters deep to the covering and lining epithelium

Question 30

bacteria are..

Answer 30

tiny primitive cells without nucleus. some of them live harmlessly in the human body

Question 31

what is an inert element?

Answer 31

when the number of e- in the outer shell of an is the maximum number

Question 32

ion

Answer 32

charged atom

Question 33

T or F: phospholipids are the most abundant type of lipids in the membrane

Answer 33

True | - as they form the bi-layered membrane structure

Question 34

what characterises phospholipids?

Answer 34

they contain the phosphate group thus making them polar

Question 35

what are commensal bacteria?

Answer 35

"common bacteria" microorganisms that live harmlessly in the body that receive shelter and keep harmful microbes away

Question 36

what are staphylococcus aureus?

Answer 36

clusters of round shaped cells

Question 37

what is vertical transmission?

Answer 37

a route of bacterial invasion

Question 38

vertical transmission occurs via..

Answer 38

the placenta from the maternal to the foetal circulation

Question 39

what is external respiration?

Answer 39

exchange of gasses between the lungs and the blood

Question 40

what is internal respiration?

Answer 40

exchange of gasses between the blood and cells

Question 41

which of the following is not a part of the respiratory portion of the respiratory system? - alveolar ducts - respiratory bronchioles - terminal bronchioles - alveoli

Answer 41

the terminal bronchioles

Question 42

Out of the goblet cell, tonsils, meatus and concha, which is NOT part of the nasal cavity?

Answer 42

Tonsils

Question 43

Where is the pharyngeal tonsil found?

Answer 43

Nasopharynx

Question 44

how many cartilages does the larynx contain?

Answer 44

4 cartilages - thyroid - epiglottic - cricoid - arytenoid

Question 45

what is the structure of the bronchial tree from the largest to smallest?

Answer 45

primary bronchi - lobar bronchi - segmental bronchi - bronchioles - terminal bronchioles -respiratory bronchioles

Question 46

T or F: RNA viruses use an enzyme to produce DNA templates of their own RNA for incorporation into the host chromosomes

Answer 46

True | - they use reverse transciptase

Question 47

what happens to the diaphragm during inhalation?

Answer 47

the diaphragm muscle and external intercostals contract and the diaphragm moves down

Question 48

what happens to the diaphragm during exhalation?

Answer 48

the diaphragm and the external intercostals relax and the diaphragm moves up

Question 49

what happens during normal gas exchange?

Answer 49

CO2 moves into the alveoli because the PCO2 is higher in the blood than in the alveoli

Question 50

the inferior border of the heart rests on..

Answer 50

the diaphragm

Question 51

which layer of the heart wall lines its chambers?

Answer 51

endocardium | - innermost layer of tissue that lines the chambers of the heart

Question 52

the bicuspid valve is also called the..

Answer 52

left atrioventricular valve

Question 53

blood leaving the pulmonary vein enters the ..

Answer 53

left atrium

Question 54

which one of the following is NOT part of the coronary circulation? - circumflex branch - left anterior descending - cardiac artery - coronary sinus

Answer 54

cardiac artery | - wraps around the heart and divides into two

Question 55

where in the heart is the SA node found?

Answer 55

the right ventricle

Question 56

what does the T wave on an ECG represent/

Answer 56

ventricular repolarisation

Question 57

where does the vasa vasorum supply blood to?

Answer 57

the blood vessel walls

Question 58

what are the 3 parts that make up the brainstem?

Answer 58

- pons - medulla oblongata - midbrain

Question 59

T or F: the meninges cover the brain and the spinal cord

Answer 59

True

Question 60

what is the correct pathway for impulse conduction along a neurone?

Answer 60

axon - cell body - dendrite

Question 61

what does the H- shaped structure in the centre of the spinal cord consist of ?

Answer 61

grey matter (nerve cells)

Question 62

what does the peripheral nervous system contain

Answer 62

only cranial nerves, spinal nerves and their branches

Question 63

increased peristalsis in the digestive tract might occur from what?

Answer 63

the stimulation of parasympathetic fibres

Question 64

which nerve controls many of our abdominal organs?

Answer 64

the vagus nerve

Question 65

which nerve controls specific muscles of the shoulder and neck

Answer 65

the accessory nerve

Question 66

which nerve controls head movemenmts

Answer 66

the trigeminal nerve

Question 67

which nerve controls eye movement/function?

Answer 67

the trochlear nerve

Question 68

what are the 3 branches of the trigeminal nerve?

Answer 68

- Ophthalmic nerve (V1) - Maxillary nerve (V2) - Mandibular nerve (V3)

Question 69

what are the walls of the GI tract composed of?

Answer 69

four layers of tissue - adventitia/serosa - submucosa - mucosa - lumen

Question 70

T or F: the oesophageal stage of swallowing is involuntary

Answer 70

True - Oral phase – voluntary, movement of the bolus from the oral cavity into the oropharynx - Pharyngeal phase – involuntary, movement of the bolus from the oropharynx into the esophagus - Esophageal phase – involuntary, movement of the bolus through the esophagus and into the stomach

Question 71

churning is an example of what digestive process?

Answer 71

mechanical breakdown

Question 72

in the stomach, hydrochloric acid is secreted by the..

Answer 72

parietal cells

Question 73

descending colon

Answer 73

part of the colon that lies in the vertical position on the left side of the abdomen

Question 74

bile production, vitC production, drug intoxication and plasma protein synthesis are all functions of the liver except from?

Answer 74

Vitamin C production