sexually transmitted infections

Question 1

chlamydia

Answer 1

an organisms causing a sexually transmitted infection; the symptoms in men are a thin, clear discharge and mild pain on urination (50% asymp); women are frequently asymptomatic (75%)

Question 2

pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

Answer 2

an infection and inflammation of the pelvic organs, such as the fallopian tubes and the uterus, in women

Question 3

HPV

Answer 3

human papillomavirus, the organism that causes genital warts

Question 4

genital warts

Answer 4

a sexually transmitted infection causing warts on the genitals and cervical cancer

Question 5

genital herpes (Type II)

Answer 5

a sexually transited infection, the symptoms of which are small, painful bumps or blisters on the genitals

Question 6

HSV

Answer 6

the herpes simplex virus

Question 7

AIDS

Answer 7

acquired immune deficiency syndrome. a sexually transmitted disease that destroys the body’s natural immunity to infection so that the person is susceptible to and may die from another disease, such as pneumonia or cancer

Question 8

HIV

Answer 8

human immunodeficiency virus, the virus that causes AIDS

Question 9

cumulative risk

Answer 9

the likelihood of contracting an STI after repeated unprotected exposure

Question 10

AZT

Answer 10

a drug used to treat HIV-infected persons; also called ZDV. stops the virus from multiplying

Question 11

Gonorrhea

Answer 11

a sexually transited infection that usually causes symptoms of a pulse discharge and painful, burning urination in the male, but is frequently asymptomatic in females

Question 12

syphilis

Answer 12

a sexually transmitted infection that causes a chancre to appear in the primary stage, transmitted through contact with chancre

Question 13

Chancre

Answer 13

a painless, ulcer-like lesion with a hard raised edge that is a symptom of syphilis

Question 14

congenital syphilis

Answer 14

a syphilis infection in a newborn baby resulting from transmutation from an infected mother

Question 15

hepatitis B (HBV)

Answer 15

a liver disease that can be transmitted sexually or by needle sharing

Question 16

trichomoniasis

Answer 16

a form of vaginitis causing a frothy white or yellow discharge with an unpleasant odour, caused by protozoan

Question 17

Public lice

Answer 17

tiny lice that attach themselves to the base of pubic hairs and cause itching; also called crabs

Question 18

STI-related stigma

Answer 18

awareness that people are judged negatively for contracting an STI

Question 19

STI-related shame

Answer 19

The negative feelings people have about themselves as a result of receiving an STI diagnosis

Question 20

Vaginitis

Answer 20

Ann irritation or inflammation of the vagina, usually causing a discharge, very common, not STI

Question 21

candida

Answer 21

a form of vaginitis causing a thick, white discharge; also called monilia or yeast infection

Question 22

Prostatitis

Answer 22

an infection, inflammation, or swelling of the prostate gland

Question 23

what is non-gonococcal urethritis

Answer 23

chlamydia infection in males

Question 24

chlamydia treatment and untreated

Answer 24

curable with antibiotics.

untreated: PID, scarring of fallopian tubes, damage to urethra, infection of epididymis

Question 25

HPV diagnosis, treatment and prevention

Answer 25

Diag: inspection of warts, biopsy
Treat: time, acid, freezing, laser therapy
prev: barriers, Gardasil and vaccines

Question 26

Type I Herpes

Answer 26

infects only oral tissue, causing ulcers or coldsores

Question 27

herpes treatment

Answer 27

no cure, antiviral medications can prevent or reduce symptoms

Question 28

gonorrhea treatment

Answer 28

antibiotics after urine test or discharge sample

Question 29

stages of syphilis

Answer 29

primary - chancre
secondary - rash
latent
late - heart, brain

Question 30

syphilis treatment

Answer 30

penicillin

Question 31

long term harms and treatment of trichomoniasis

Answer 31

causes PID, birthing problems, increased susceptibility to HIV
treat: antibiotics

Question 32

pubic lice treatment

Answer 32

Nix, Rid

Question 33

cystitis

Answer 33

infection of urinary bladder; bacteria from urethra can get into bladder

Question 34

prevention of STIs

Answer 34

monogamous relationships, tests, condoms, dental dams, washing, urinating before/after sex

Question 35

What is HIV, how does it infect

Answer 35

retrovirus that has RNA as genetic material. RNA replicates in host cell via reverse transcriptase to produce DNA, which is then incorporates into hosts genome. virus replicates as part of host cells DNA

Question 36

mechanisms of HIV

Answer 36

targets immune system via CD4 T cells thou killing of infected cells and increased rate of programmed cell death. When CD4 T cells reach low number, immunity is lost

Question 37

4 classes of HIV infection

Answer 37

Initial infection
asymptomatic carrier state
symptoms develop
AIDS

Question 38

diagnosis of HIV

Answer 38

ELISA produces false positives to be confirmed by more accurate Western blot or immunoblot tests.

Question 39

modes of transmission for HIV

Answer 39

blood, semen, vaginal fluid, pre-ejaculate, breast milk.
is present as free virus cells and infected immune cells.
main modes are unsafe sex, needles, great milk, and mother-baby (vertical transmission)

Question 40

HIV/AIDS treatment

Answer 40

no cure.
ART (antiretroviral) drugs used.
use HAART drug cocktail which interferes with replication process of HIV
includes AZT, protease inhibitors, other anti-HIV drugs