Sexually Transmitted Infections (15)

Question 1

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Answer 1

Refer to more than 25 infectious organisms that can be passed from person to person through sexual contact (2 general types: Bacteria, Vial)

Question 2

Bacteria

Answer 2

Curable

Question 3

Vial

Answer 3

Incurable

Question 4

Are STIs common?

Answer 4

Common in US but hard to know exact or estimate number
Often STIs are silent
Routine screening is not widespread

Question 5

Which STI’s must be reported by health care providers to health department?

Answer 5

Gonorrhea, Syphilis, Chlamydia, HIV/AIDS, Chancroid, Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B

Question 6

Incidence

Answer 6

of new cases

Question 7

Prevalence

Answer 7

of cases

Question 8

What are the most reported infectious disease in the US?

Answer 8

STI’s

Question 9

What are the two most commonly reported infectious disease in the US (CDC)

Answer 9

Chlamydia and Gonorrhea

Question 10

How many new cases of STIs occurred each year?

Answer 10

An estimated 20 million

Question 11

By the age of 25….

Answer 11

1 in 2 young persons will acquire an STI

More than ½ of sexually active men and women will become infected with an STI at some point in their lives

Question 12

Disparities Among Gender

Answer 12

Consequences for females are many times more serious than males; Women contract STIs easier, greater damage to reproductive tract and increase likelihood of having no symptoms

Question 13

Why are women at an increase chance of getting an STI?

Answer 13

Warm environment of vagina and uterus, Thin sensitive skin, STIs in women are asymptomatic (difficult to diagnose)

Question 14

What happens when STI in women goes undiagnosed?

Answer 14

Long-term effects

Question 15

PID

Answer 15

ectopic pregnancy, infertility, cervical cancer, spontaneous abortion, still birth

Question 16

Lesbian and Bisexual women

Answer 16

are still at risk many times underestimate risk

Question 17

Age Disparities

Answer 17

About ½ of the new STI cases are among individuals ages 15-24; young people are at increase risk more likely to have multiple sex partners, increase risk of engaging in risky behavior, Barriers to accessing quality STI prevention products and services

Question 18

Determinants of Health Status

Answer 18

Poverty, Access to quality health care, Health care seeking behaviors, Illegal drug use, Communities with high prevalence of STIs

Question 19

Behavioral Factors that contribute to the spread of STI’s

Answer 19

Increase total time they are active, have greater # of sexual partners, and use condoms less consistently; numerous sex partners, high risk sex partners, high risk sexual behaviors, inconsistent and incorrect condom use, substance use, lack of knowledge and concern about STIs, sexual coercion

Question 20

Social Factors that contribute to the spread of STI’s

Answer 20

Poverty and marginalization, Access to health care, Secrecy and moral conflict about sexuality

Question 21

Biological Factors that contribute to the spread of STI’s

Answer 21

Asymptomatic nature of STI, resistance to treatment or lack of a cure (other biological factors: immature cervix, uncircumcised penis)

Question 22

Chancroid

Answer 22

Painful sore(s) on penis caused by bacteria women are generally asymptomatic

Question 23

Enteric infection

Answer 23

Intestinal infections caused by bacteria, viruses, protozoans that are normally found in the intestinal tract; result from anal or oral sex

Question 24

CMV (Cytomegalovirus)

Answer 24

Viruses of the herpes group affects the depressed immune system

Question 25

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

Answer 25

One of the leading cause of female infertility; One in eight women with a history of PID have difficulty getting pregnant (under 25 old increase risk because teenager girls cervix is not fully matured);

Question 26

When does PID occur?

Answer 26

PID occurs when bacteria moves from the vagina/cervix to their uterus and fallopian tubes

Question 27

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Signs & symptoms

Answer 27

None to mild, Abdominal pain, Fever, Unusual discharge, Irregular bleeding

Question 28

Can PID be cured?

Answer 28

If diagnosed early PID can be cured but can not undo damage that has been done to the reproductive system (No precise test for PID, diagnosed on clinical finding)

Question 29

Preventing STIs

Answer 29

Abstinence, Sexual exclusivity, Decrease risk during sex, Select partners carefully, Avoid injection drug, Get tested / vaccinated, Communicate

Question 30

Treating STIs

Answer 30

Recognize symptoms, Seek treatments, Get partner treated